Isivumelwano somshado

Unezindlu ezintathu nemoto, futhi ingabe omunye wakho obalulekile ungomunye walabo bantu okuthiwa "bakhanda njengokheshe"? Noma, mhlawumbe, ngokuphambene nalokho, usanda kufika edolobheni elikhulu futhi manje uzongena emndenini wabanikazi bamafektri nemikhumbi? Omunye wemibuzo enzima kakhulu uma ungena emshadweni ukuthi yini manje osekubhekwa njengowakho, nokuthi yini evamile kothandekayo. Isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado sizosiza ukugwema izikhathi ezibangela amahloni futhi sivikele impahla ezuzwe ngokwethembeka. 

Ingqikithi yomshado

“Isivumelwano somshado noma isivumelwano, njengoba sivame ukubizwa kanjalo, siyisivumelwano phakathi kwabashadile ukuze kulawuleke izindaba zempahla,” kusho. ummeli Ivan Volkov. – Kalula nje, lena idokhumenti echaza ngokucacile ukuthi iyiphi impahla indoda nomkayo abazoba nayo ngesikhathi somshado, futhi iyiphi impahla uma kwenzeka isehlukaniso. Inkontileka yomshado ilawulwa yiSahluko No. 8 seKhodi Yomndeni ye-Federation. Okuqukethwe kuyehluka kuye ngokuthi yini ebaluleke kakhulu kumbhangqwana othile. Uma ufuna ukuphetha isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado, ingqikithi yaso ilula: ukubona kusengaphambili zonke izingozi zempahla ngangokunokwenzeka, ukunciphisa isisekelo sezingxabano nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwazo zombili izinhlangothi. 

Imibandela yenkontileka yomshado

Eyokuqala futhi, mhlawumbe, isimo esiyinhloko: inkontileka yomshado kufanele iqedwe ngesivumelwano sobabili. 

"Uma umyeni efuna ukusayina idokhumenti, futhi inkosikazi imelana kakhulu, khona-ke ngeke kusebenze ukuphetha inkontileka," kuchaza uVolkov. - Omunye wombhangqwana uvame ukuza kithi, abameli, futhi abuze: indlela yokuncenga enye ingxenye esivumelwaneni somshado? Imvamisa kuba nguye onempahla eningi. Emqondweni isiphetho sezivumelwano ezinjena asikamukelwa, kuvele kuqale inhlamba, bathi awungethembi yini?! Ngakho-ke, kufanele sichazele abantu ukuthi uma konke kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, bazoba mnyama kuphela. 

Umbandela wesibili: inkontileka kufanele iphethwe kuphela ngokubhala, phambi kommeli olungisa izivumelwano. 

 "Phambilini, abashadile babekwazi ukuphetha isivumelwano sokuhlukaniswa kwempahla phakathi kwabo, kodwa baqala ukuhlukumeza lokhu," kusho uVolkov. - Ngokwesibonelo, umyeni angakwazi ukuboleka isigidi, khona-ke ngokushesha, cishe ekhishini, uphetha isivumelwano nomkakhe, futhi lapho beza ngesikweletu, gxuma: Anginalutho, konke kukumkami othandekayo. Ku-notary, usuku alukwazi ukukhohlisa, ngaphandle kwalokho, uchaza yonke into ngokuningiliziwe kangangokuthi kamuva akekho ozothola ithuba lokuthi: "O, angizange ngikuqonde lokho engangikusayina."

Umbandela wesithathu: yizindaba zempahla kuphela okufanele zibhaliswe kwinkontileka. Abashadile bangasetha izindlela ezintathu zobunikazi: 

a) Imodi ehlangene. Kuyaqondakala ukuthi yonke impahla isetshenziswa ngokufanayo, futhi esehlukaniso ihlukaniswa ngokulinganayo. 

b) Imodi eyabiwe. Lapha, ngamunye womshado ungumnikazi ingxenye yakhe impahla, isibonelo, ifulethi, futhi angakwazi ukulahla njengoba efuna (ukuthengisa, ukunikela, nokunye). Amasheya angaba yinoma yini - avame ukuhlukaniswa "ngobulungisa", isibonelo, uma umyeni ehola imali eningi, khona-ke i-¾ yefulethi ingeyakhe. 

c) Imodi ehlukene. Lapho ukhetha le nketho, abashadile bavame ukuvuma ngale ndlela elandelayo: unefulethi, nginemoto. Okusho ukuthi, wonke umuntu uphethe lokho anakho. Ungabhalisa ubunikazi banoma yini - kuze kufike kumafoloko nezinkezo. Ungakwazi futhi ukwabelana ngezibopho, isibonelo, ukuthi wonke umuntu ukhokhela izikweletu zakhe ngokwakhe. 

Nakani! Yonke impahla engacaciswanga kwinkontileka ithathwa ngokuzenzakalelayo njengetholwe ngokuhlanganyela. Ukuze ugweme izimo ezingezinhle, isishayamthetho sinikeze ithuba lokuchibiyela isivumelwano somshado, izimo zingashintsha phakathi nokuphila komndeni. 

Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile: lezi zindlela zingahlanganiswa. Izibopho zezimali zingabhalwa kudokhumenti (isibonelo, inkosikazi ikhokha izinsiza, futhi umyeni uvame ukugcwalisa izimoto ngophethiloli). Kodwa akunakwenzeka ukusho kunkontileka umyalelo wobudlelwane bomuntu siqu futhi unciphise amandla omthetho noma amandla omthetho wabashadile. 

“Ngezinye izikhathi abantu bayabuza ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukufaka umshwalense wokuvukela umbuso enkontilekeni,” kusho ummeli. – Ngokwesibonelo, uma unkosikazi ekopela, uzohamba nalokho akuzele. Lona umkhuba owaziwa e-Europe, kodwa awusebenzi Ezweni Lethu. Umthetho wethu awukuvumeli ukulawula amalungelo nezibopho zomuntu siqu, lokhu kakade kuwumkhawulo wamalungelo omunye. Okusho ukuthi, indoda ngeke ikwazi ukuphuca umkayo impahla uma engangenanga endlini yakhe yokulala ngoLwesibili nangoLwesine. Ngezinye izikhathi bacela ukuba banikeze lokhu futhi, kodwa, ngenhlanhla, noma ngeshwa, lokhu akunakwenzeka.

Isiphetho senkontileka yomshado

Kunezinketho ezintathu zokusayina inkontileka. 

1. Thola inkontileka yomshado eseyenziwe ngomumo ku-inthanethi, yengeze ngendlela ofisa ngayo bese uya ku-notary. 
   
2. Xhumana nommeli ozokusiza udwebe kahle idokhumenti, futhi ngemva kwalokho uye ehhovisi lika-notary. 
   
3. Iya ngqo ku-notary futhi ucele usizo lapho. 

"Ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwami, ngingakweluleka ukuthi ume okhethweni lwesibili," kusho uVolkov. - Inkontileka eyenziwe ngokwakho, cishe, kuzodingeka yenziwe kabusha, futhi ama-notaries azothatha imali eningi yokubhalisa kunabameli. Ngakho-ke, inketho engcono kakhulu ukudweba inkontileka nommeli onekhono, kanye nesitifiketi sayo yi-notary ethembekile. 

Ukuze wenze isivumelwano somshado, udinga ukuhamba nama-passport abo bobabili abashadile, isitifiketi somshado kanye namadokhumenti ayo yonke into ofuna ukuyibhalisela yona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunandaba ukuthi kuyini: ifulethi noma isithombe esithandwayo sikagogo wakho. Uma nakanjani unqume ukuthi udinga isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado, isiphetho sizothatha isikhathi, kodwa-ke uzobe uzolile. 

Iqala nini ukusebenza 

Kungenzeka ukwenza isivumelwano somshado esilawula ubudlelwano bempahla ngaphambi nangemva komshado. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ugweme izimo ezimbi lapho, isibonelo, umkhwenyana ocebile ecela ukuphetha isivumelwano somshado, umakoti uyavuma, futhi ngemva kokuthola isitembu esilindelwe isikhathi eside epasipoti yakhe, uthi "Ngashintsha umqondo wami!". 

Nokho, isivumelwano siqala ukusebenza kuphela ngemva kokubhaliswa ngokomthetho komshado. Endleleni, ingashintshwa noma inqanyulwe, kodwa kuphela ngemvume yazo zombili izinhlangothi. Ngemva kwesehlukaniso, silahlekelwa ukuba semthethweni kwaso (ngaphandle kwalapho abashadile besho okuhlukile). 

“Ngezinye izikhathi indoda nomkayo bangavumelana kusengaphambili ukuthi ngemva kwesehlukaniso, uma omunye wabo engena enkingeni futhi elahlekelwa ikhono lakhe lokusebenza, owesibili uzomkhokhela imali ethile,” kusho ummeli. “Iwuhlobo lwenethi yokuphepha, futhi inendawo okumele ibe kuyo. 

Izinzuzo kanye nokubi

Abameli baqinisekile ukuthi kukhona ama-pluses amaningi esivumelwaneni sangaphambi komshado kunama-minus. 

"Okubi kakhulu ukuthi isicelo sokuqeda inkontileka singacasula kakhulu," uqinisekile uVolkov. - Ngempela, akujabulisi kumakoti osemncane othandweni ukuzwa isipho esinjalo esivela kumkhwenyana. Yebo, futhi kusukela kowesifazane othandekayo ngaphambi komshado, ngifuna ukuzwa enye into. Kodwa, uma ukwazi ukuchazela umuntu wesibili ukuthi lo mshwalense wakhe, ngokuvamile uyavuma. 

Ububi besibili ukukhokhwa komsebenzi wombuso kanye nezinsizakalo ze-notary. Ekuqaleni kobudlelwane kanye nesimo sangaphambi komshado, awufuni ukucabanga ngesehlukaniso esingase sibe khona, ngakho-ke ukuchitha kubonakala kuwubuwula. Kodwa esikhathini esizayo, ngokuphambene nalokho, lokhu kuzosiza ukulondoloza izindleko zomthetho kanye nokukhokhwa kwabameli. Yiqiniso, kuphela uma kwenzeka isehlukaniso. 

Ukukhipha okwesithathu ukuthi umlingani womshado onegunya kakhulu angavele aphoqe enye ingxenye ukuthi isayine inkontileka ngendlela ayidinga ngayo. Kodwa-ke, umuntu wesibili usenethuba lokubuza yonke imibuzo ku-notary futhi ngomzuzu wokugcina wenqabe isipho esibi. 

Ngaphandle kwalokho, isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado sinezici ezinhle kuphela: sivumela abantu ukuthi bazivikele ezingxabanweni nasezingxabanweni, bonge izinzwa nemali ezinkantolo, futhi baqonde kusengaphambili ukuthi yini engalahleka ngenxa yokuxabana njalo noma ukukhashelwa. 

Isibonelo sesivumelwano sangaphambi komshado 

Abantu abaningi, lapho benquma ukudweba idokhumenti enjalo, abaqondi ukuthi impahla ingahlukaniswa kanjani ngempela. Uma kungekho ukuqonda ukuthi siyini isivumelwano sangaphambi komshado, isibonelo sizosiza ekugcineni ukuqonde lokhu. 

“Inkontileka yomshado ngayinye ingumuntu ngamunye,” kuphawula uVolkov. - Imvamisa baphethwa ngabantu abanokuthile okufanele balahlekelwe. Kodwa futhi kwenzeka ukuthi umbhangqwana ufuna ukwenza konke kahle futhi ungaphinde ucabange ngakho. Ngokwesibonelo, insizwa iziphilela yona, kancane kancane izakhela ibhizinisi endaweni yokugeza izimoto. Ufaka imali kuyo, ayiphothe. Bese ethandana, ashade futhi aqale ukwenza inzuzo kakade emshadweni. Umndeni awukabi nayo impahla, kodwa esikhathini esizayo abasanda kushada bahlela ukuthenga imoto nefulethi. Khona-ke baphetha isivumelwano futhi, uma bobabili banele, bazokhetha inketho ethembekile, enethezekile yawo wonke umuntu: isibonelo, ngemva kwesehlukaniso, shiya indlu kumyeni, otshale ingxenye enkulu yemali kuyo, kanye nemoto ukuze inkosikazi, ngoba yasiza ekulondolozeni nasekuvikeleni isabelomali somkhaya.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile

Sibuze usihlalo we-Vlasov & Partners Bar Association Olga Vlasova phendula imibuzo ehlukahlukene ephakama phakathi kwezakhamuzi mayelana nokuphothulwa kwenkontileka yomshado.

– Imibono mayelana nokwelulekwa kokuphothula inkontileka yomshado iyahlukahluka. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwaba nemibuzo eminingi evela kumakhasimende mayelana nalesi sihloko. Kuyafaneleka ukugqamisa izinto eziningi ezizonikeza ukuqonda okubanzi kwalo mbhalo, okusaqondile ku-s, kusho uchwepheshe.