Isifo seLyme, esaziwa nangokuthi yiLyme borreliosis, yisifo sebhaktheriya esingadluliselwa kubantu, ezinjeni nakwezinye izilwane ngezinhlobo ezithile zemikhaza. Kubangelwa amagciwane amise okomoya ovundile iBorrelia burgdorferi ethwalwa ngaphakathi komkhaza futhi ingene egazini lenja noma lomuntu ngokulunywa umkhaza. Uma esegazini, amabhaktheriya angaya ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba futhi adale izinkinga ezithweni ezithile noma ezindaweni ezithile, njengamalunga, kanye nesifo esijwayelekile.

Imikhaza ethwala isifo seLyme kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi itholakale otshanini obude, ibhulashi elijiyile, amaxhaphozi nezinkuni, kulindwe ukubambelela enjeni yakho njengoba idlula. Umkhaza ungadlulisa lesi sifo ngemuva kokulenga enja amahora angama-24 kuya kwangu-48.

I-vector enkulu yesifo seLyme yi-blacklegged tick Ixode scapularis. Umkhaza udla amagciwane esifo seLyme lapho udla isilwane esingenwe yilesi sifo, njengegundane, inyamazane, noma esinye isilwane esincelisayo, bese udlulisela amagciwane esilwaneni esilandelayo esidla kuso.

Imikhaza ayigxumi noma indize; bangakhasa kuphela. Bakhuphuka ekugcineni kweqabunga ukuze balinde inyamazane yabo elandelayo. Isibonelo, lapho inja noma umuntu ehlikihla esihlahleni, umkhaza uzinamathela ngokushesha bese ukhasa ukuthola indawo yokuluma.

Isifo seLyme, ngeshwa, isifo esivame kakhulu se-canine. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ezinja zifaka:

• Imfiva ;
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla;
• Ukwehla kwamandla;
• Ukukhubazeka (kungashintsha, kube phakathi futhi kuphindaphinde);
• Ukuqina okujwayelekile, ukungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu;
• Ukuvuvukala kwamalunga.

Izimpawu zingadlulela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso, okungabulala. Imiphumela emibi yenhliziyo neyezinzwa nayo ingenzeka.

Ukuxilongwa kubucayi, kusekelwe ekuhlanganisweni komlando, izimpawu zomzimba kanye nokuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Ngezinja, ungenza ukubhoboza okuhlangene, ukuhlola amasosha omzimba egazini, noma ukuhlola amagciwane ngokuhlolwa kwe-PCR.

Ukuxilongwa kungaba futhi okwelapha: lapho kunqunywa ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe futhi izimpawu zithuthuka, kungacatshangwa ukuthi ubenalesi sifo.

Ukwelashwa kufaka ama-antibiotic, imvamisa okungenani izinsuku ezingama-30. Lokhu kuvame ukuxazulula izimpawu ngokushesha, kepha kwezinye izimo ukutheleleka kuyaqhubeka futhi ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kungadingeka. Ukwelashwa kungafaka nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezihlose ukuxazulula noma ukunciphisa izimpawu ezithile.

Izinja aziwona umthombo oqondile wokutheleleka kubantu. Isifo seLyme asikwazi ukudluliselwa sisuka esilwaneni siye esilwaneni, noma sisuka esilwaneni siye komunye umuntu, ngaphandle kwalapho kulunywa imikhaza. Kodwa-ke, umkhaza wesithwali ungangena endlini yakho ngoboya bezinja zakho bese ufinyelela kuwe.

Uma inja yakho kutholakala ukuthi inesifo seLyme, wena kanye nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo kungenzeka nibe sendaweni efanayo yangaphandle futhi nibe sengozini futhi, ngakho-ke kungumbono omuhle ukubona udokotela nodokotela wezilwane ukubona ukuthi kufanele yini uhlole ezinye izilwane. noma amalungu omndeni.

Nazi izincomo zokuvimbela imikhaza:

• Zihlole wena nezinja zakho nsuku zonke ukuthola imikhaza ngemuva kokuhamba ehlathini noma ezindaweni ezinotshani. Ezinjaneni, bheka ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni (naphakathi kwezinzwani), ezindebeni, ezungeze amehlo, izindlebe (nangaphakathi kwezindlebe), eduze kwendunu nangaphansi komsila;
• Susa imikhaza. Uma uzithola ngokushesha, mancane kakhulu amathuba okuthi inja yakho ithole isifo ngemuva kokulunywa umkhaza. Funda indlela eyiyo yokususa imikhaza. Faka imali ku-hook ekhethekile ngale njongo ebiza ama-euro ambalwa kuphela. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukwenza lokhu, bheka udokotela wezilwane.
• Vimbela imikhaza ekugxumeleni inja yakho ngesinye sezivuno ezivunyiwe zezilwane namalungiselelo okuthikha atholakala emakethe. Buza udokotela wezilwane ukuthi yimuphi umkhiqizo osebenza kakhulu futhi ofanele kakhulu inja yakho;
• Gcina utshani bakho obugundiwe bufushane ngangokunokwenzeka. Gwema ukuhamba ezindaweni ezinotshani ezindaweni zemikhaza uma ungakwazi;
• Goma inja yakho. Ukugonywa kungavimbela inja yakho ekutholeni isifo seLyme. Kepha kungahle kungafaneleki ezinye izinja, ngakho-ke xoxa nodokotela wezilwane wakho.

Imikhaza ingaphinde futhi ithwale ezinye izifo ezimbalwa ezingandile kodwa ezibucayi ezithinta izinja, kufaka phakathi i-anaplasmosis ne-babesiosis (ebizwa nangokuthi i-piroplasmosis).

I-Anaplasmosis ingafaka izimpawu ezifana nalezo zesifo seLyme. I-Babesiosis ingabonisa ngezimpawu ezahlukahlukene, ezisukela ekushayweni okungazelelwe nokunamandla, umkhuhlane omkhulu nomchamo omnyama, kube ukutheleleka okuqhubeka kancane ngezimpawu zomtholampilo ezicashile. Ukuxilongwa kwezifo zombili kufaka ukuhlolwa kwegazi okufana nalokho okusetshenziselwa ukuhlola isifo seLyme.

Kwesinye isikhathi izinja nabantu bangagula "nge-co-infection" yezifo eziningi ezithwalwa imikhaza, lapho izinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zamagciwane e-pathogenic zidluliselwa ngokulunywa ngumkhaza. Lokhu kungenza ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kube nzima kakhulu.