Enkulisa: luyini uhlelo?

Sihlelwa kanjani inkulisa?

I-nursery school ihlelwe ngomjikelezo owodwa, i umjikelezo 1. Izifundo zisakazwa eminyakeni emithathu: ingxenye encane (PS), ingxenye emaphakathi (MS) kanye nengxenye enkulu (GS). 

Sifundani enkulisa?

“Inkulisa iyisikole esinakekelayo, ngisho nangaphezu kwezigaba zakamuva zomsebenzi wesikole. Umgomo wawo omkhulu uwukwenza izingane zifune ukuya esikoleni ukuze zifunde, ziqinise futhi zithuthukise ubuntu bazo ”, singafunda ku Umhlahlandlela Wezemfundo Kazwelonke. Isikole sasenkulisa ngempela sizoba nokutholwa kanye nesiqalo sokufunda. Kodwa akukhona ukufunda okuhlelekile kuphela: ingane ibuye ithuthukise amakhono ayo omphakathi, kanye nenjabulo yokufunda. I-Kindergarten ivumela izingane ukuthi zifunde ukuhlala ndawonye.

Uhlelo lwenkulisa luhlukaniswe izigaba ezinhlanu zokufunda: 

• Hlanganisa ulimi kuzo zonke izilinganiso zalo 
• Thatha isinyathelo, uziveze, uqonde ngokusebenza ngokomzimba 
• Thatha isenzo, uziveze, uqonde ngomsebenzi wobuciko 
• Yakha amathuluzi okuqala ukuhlela ukucabanga kwakho 
• Hlola umhlaba

Isikole samabanga aphansi kanye nesenkulisa, yini umehluko?

Qaphela: uma sikhuluma ngesikole samabanga aphansi, sivame ukucabanga ngamakilasi e-CP, CE1, CE2, CM1 kanye ne-CM2. lokhu akulungile neze! Ngempela, igama elithi isikole samabanga aphansi lihlanganisa namakilasi enkulisa. Amakilasi asukela kusuka ku-CP kuya ku-CM2 funda esikoleni samabanga aphansi.

Yiziphi izinsuku zesikole enkulisa?

Enkulisa kukhona Amahora angama-24 ekilasi ngesonto, futhi unyaka wesikole uqhubeka 36 amasonto. Amahora angama-24 ngeviki ahlukene izinsuku eziyisishiyagalombili nesigamu.

Ulimi, enhliziyweni yokufunda enkulisa

Yazi indlela yokuxhumana ingenye yezinselelo ezinkulu zeminyaka emine ye-nursery school. Ukufunda ulimi kuzohlukaniswa kube izingxenye ezimbili: ngomlomo nokubhaliwe. Lawa makhono amabili azofundwa kuwo kanyekanye. Okokuqala, uthisha uzokhuthaza izingane ukuba ziveze lokho ezikucabangayo, ngamazwi eziyobe seziwezwile kakade ekhaya. Ngaleyondlela uyoqondisa ingane kancane kancane ekutholeni kwayo ulimi, nemiphumela yalo kwabanye. Ngezimo nemisebenzi, izingane zizokwazi kancane kancane ukuthuthukisa ulimi lwabo, kanye nezabo ukuqwashisa ngefonological kanye ne-alfabhethi. Ukuqwashisa ngefonology ukuhlonza amayunithi omsindo lapho ukhuluma, kuyilapho ukuqwashisa ngezinhlamvu kuwukuqonda ukuthi ulimi nezinhlamvu kuwukulotshwa kwale misindo. Ekupheleni kwenkulisa, izingane zizocelwa ukuthi zazi ukuxhumana nabantu abadala kanye nezinye izingane, kodwa futhi ukwazi ukuphindaphinda imilolozelo nezingoma ngekhanda. 

Ngokuqondene nokubhala, inkulisa izovumela izingane ukuba ziqale ukuqonda ukuthi zisebenza kanjani. Ngaphambi kokungena esikoleni samabanga aphansi, bazocelwa ukuthi bazi ukuthi bangazihlonza kanjani izinhlamvu zezinhlamvu, kodwa futhi bahlukanise phakathi kokubhala ngokuhlanganisa nokubhala ngosonhlamvukazi. Bazobe sebefundile nokubhala amagama abo ngombhalo wokuhlanganisa. Ukufunda kuzobandakanya ekuqaleni ukufundisa izingane izimpawu zokubhala, bese kusukela engxenyeni ephakathi, ingane izokwenza umsebenzi wayo wokuqala wokubhala. 

Indima yomsebenzi womzimba enkulisa

Ezemidlalo ziwumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane. Ibavumela ukuthi basebenzise amandla abo amakhulu kakhulu, kodwa futhi bathuthukise amakhono abo emoto. Kungakho uMnyango Wezemfundo Kazwelonke uncoma ukuthi othisha benze iseshini yomsebenzi nsuku zonke kuze kube imizuzu engamashumi amathathu kuya kwamashumi amane nanhlanu. Lezi zikhathi zizohlelwa ngendlela yokwenza izingane zidlale emkhathini, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nasezintweni, kodwa futhi ukuphatha ibhalansi yabo.

Kuzodingeka nokulinganisa komphakathi ekuzilolongeni njengoba abafundi bezofunda sebenzisana, xhumana kodwa futhi niphikisane. Ekupheleni kwenkulisa, bazokwazi ukugijima, ukujikijela nokugxuma. Ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca umzimba, bazophinde basebenze ekuxhumaniseni ukunyakaza kwabo, bebodwa noma nabanye. 

I-Kindergarten: isingeniso sobuciko ku-Cycle 1

Enkulisa, ingane izothola izindlela ezahlukene inkulumo yobuciko, ikakhulukazi umculo nobuciko bepulasitiki. Abafundi bazofunda ngempela ukudweba, kodwa futhi baqonde izingxenye zepulasitiki ngevolumu (ngobumba bokubumba isibonelo). Ohlangothini lomculo, bazofunda ukuthola izwi labo futhi funda ukucula ngokusebenzisa imilolozelo yasenkulisa. Kuzophinde kwethulwe izinsimbi zomculo. Umgomo futhi uwukuba izingane zicwengisise ezazo ukulalela, kanye nezabo inkumbulo yokuzwa. Ngaphandle komculo nobuciko obubonakalayo, ingxenye "yokusebenza bukhoma" ifakiwe ohlelweni lwenkulisa. Lokhu kuhlanganisa i-mime, ithiyetha noma isekisi imbala. 

Ekupheleni kwenkulisa, abafundi bazocelwa ukuthi ukwazi ukudweba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukukhiqiza kabusha okungokoqobo noma kunoma yimuphi umcabango. Ngokomculo, bazokwazi iqoqo elincane lemilolozelo yasenkulisa futhi bazokwazi ukudlala ngezwi labo ukuze bashintshe i-timbre (phezulu, ephansi…). Imfundo yobuciko ngokuvamile yaziswa kakhulu izingane.

Izibalo: ukutholakala kwezinombolo kanye namajamo

Okubaluleke njengamagama ngamagama izovela phakathi neminyaka emine yenkulisa. Kancane kancane, izingane zizofunda ukuziqonda nokuzisebenzisa. Ngokusebenzisa umzimba, kancane kancane bazokwazi ukuveza amanani, kodwa futhi bazi ukuthi babhala kanjani amadijithi nezinombolo zokuqala. Ekupheleni kwenkulisa, izingane kufanele zikwazi ukusho izinombolo ezifika kwamashumi amathathu futhi zibhale ngezinombolo ezifika kweshumi. Kufanele futhi baqonde umqondo wobumbano nomqondo wokwengeza. 

Ngokukhohlisa nolimi, izingane zizokwazi futhi ukuqala ukunquma amafomu ahlukene, njenge isikwele or triangles. Ngaphambi kokufika esikoleni samabanga aphansi, kufanele bakwazi ukuhlukanisa nokukhetha izinto ngokuma kwazo, kodwa futhi ngokuya ngobude noma isisindo sazo. Kufanele futhi bakwazi ukudweba izimo eziyisicaba.

Inkulisa: ukuthola umhlaba

Ukuqonda umhlaba esiphila kuwo kungenye yezinhloso ze-nursery school, futhi kuhamba ngemibono ebalulekile isikhathi nendawo. Ngakho-ke izingane zizocelwa ukuthi zifunde ukusebenzisa i- izimpawu zesikhathi njengokuthi “bese”, “ngemuva” noma ngisho “phakathi”. Bazodinga futhi ukwazi ukuthi bangazithola kanjani ngesikhathi (usuku, isonto, isizini, njll.). Mayelana nesikhala, bazodinga ukuthi bakwazi ukuqala ukusebenzisa izimpawu zendawo, ukuphumelela ekwenzeni indlela eyaziwayo, kodwa futhi nokuba maqondana nezinto kanye nabanye abantu. 

Le eksisi yokuhlola izophinde idlule ku-a ukutholwa kwabaphilayo, okusho ukuphila isilwane et imifino. Abafundi basenkulisa bazoqonda izigaba ezahlukahlukene empilweni yezilwane nezitshalo. Bazophinde bathole imizimba yabo, bafunde ukuqamba izingxenye zayo ezahlukene, kanye nemibono eyisisekelo yenhlanzeko yomuntu siqu.

Uhlelo lwenkulisa luhlanganisa nokuqwashisa nge izingozi ekhona endaweni ezungezile. Izingane zizofunda futhi ukwazi amathuluzi, ngokusebenzisa imiqondo yokusika, i-gluing nokwakha. a ishutha yedijithali, ebaluleke kakhulu namuhla, izophinde ibe khona, kusetshenziswa amaphilisi, amakhompyutha namakhamera.