Nguye ovame ukuhlasela abantu besifazane. Yini Okufanele Uyigweme Ukuze Unciphise Ingozi Yakho Yokuthola Umdlavuza Webele?

Ngokombiko wango-2014, owakhiwe ngaphansi kosizo lwe-Polish Society for Breast Cancer Research, ngo-2012, umdlavuza webele wakleliswa endaweni yesibili kuzo zonke izigameko ze-oncological ezisanda kutholakala emhlabeni - ubala cishe u-2% wamacala. Ngeshwa, nasePoland cishe i-12% yazo zonke izifo. Futhi nakuba ungomunye wemidlavuza efundwe kahle kakhulu - sesikwazi okuningi ngawo futhi ukwelashwa kwawo kusinikeza amathuba amaningi, kule minyaka engu-23 edlule izigameko zawo bezilokhu zanda njalo. Akuthinti kuphela abesifazane abaneminyaka engu-30-50, kodwa kutholakala kaningi kubantu abasha. Ngokwemininingwane evela kwiNational Cancer Registry, izigameko zomdlavuza webele ziphindeke kabili kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-69-20. Minyaka yonke, sitholakala ezigulini ezingaba ngu-49, futhi kubikezelwa ukuthi eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, unyaka ngamunye, lesi sifo sizohlasela ngisho nabesifazane abangaphezu kuka-18.

Umdlavuza webele yisifo, ngeshwa, esivame ukubulala kakhulu ePoland. Ayinangqondo futhi iqala ngokungabonakali, ngakho-ke izimo eziningi zitholakala kuphela esigabeni esithuthukile. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi isendaweni yesithathu ngokushona kuyo yonke imidlavuza ehlasela abantu basePoland. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengoba kuboniswa idatha evela ku-3, umdlavuza webele ubiza u-2013% wokufa phakathi kwabesifazane, okwenzeka ngemva nje komdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ine-dimension yomuntu siqu ikakhulukazi. Njengoba kugcizelelwe ababhali balo mbiko, ngaphansi koxhaso lwe-Polish Society for Breast Cancer Research, ukungakwazi ukusebenza kowesifazane ophethwe umdlavuza webele kudala, ngaphezu kwakho konke, lokho okubizwa ngezindleko ezingaphatheki - "imikhawulo noma ihoxisa ngokuphelele ukuphila komphakathi kanye nomsebenzi; ngenxa yalesi sizathu, umdlavuza webele ubuye ube isifo semindeni yonke kanye nendawo eseduze yeziguli. “

Nakuba into ebaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni umdlavuza webele kuwukuvimbela, kuhlanganisa. ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile okuzovumela ukuthi kusheshe kuqale ukwelashwa, kuvele ukuthi esikudlayo kungase kube nomthelela engcupheni yokuba nalo mdlavuza kwabesifazane. Ososayensi balinganisela ukuthi singashintsha izehlakalo zomdlavuza eziyi-9 kweziyi-100 (9%) ngokushintsha nje indlela esidla ngayo. Nakuba ucwaningo olumayelana nokudla kanye nengozi yomdlavuza webele lungehlanganisi, kunobufakazi obubonisa ukuthi ukudla okuthile kungase kwandise izehlakalo zabesifazane zezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza webele. Hlola kahle ukuthi yini okufanele uyigweme kakhulu uma ufuna ukuzivikela kangcono kulesi sifo esikhohlisayo.

Nakuba amafutha eyingxenye ebalulekile yomzimba wethu, kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi uhlobo lwamafutha lungadlala indima enkulu ekwandiseni ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza webele. Lokhu kuphakanyiswe, phakathi kokunye ososayensi baseYurophu abahlole amamenyu abesifazane abayi-11 abaneminyaka engama-337-20 abavela emazweni angama-70 esikhathini esingaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10. Bathole ukuthi labo abadla amafutha agcwele kakhulu (ama-48g / ngosuku) banamathuba angama-28% okuba nomdlavuza webele kunalabo abadla kancane (15g / ngosuku). Ososayensi baseMilan banezela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwamafutha esewonke nagcwele, ikakhulukazi lawo atholakala ekudleni okugayiwe kakhulu, kungase kuhlotshaniswe nengozi eyengeziwe yezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza wamabele, okuhlanganisa lawo ancike kuma-hormone, okungukuthi asabela ezingeni le-estrogen noma i-progesterone. emzimbeni. Nakuba inani eliphephile lamafutha agcwele lisazosungulwa, izazi ze-oncologists kuhlanganise ne-Rutgers Cancer Institute eNew Jersey zincoma ukuthi unciphise imithombo engenampilo njengokudla okusheshayo, amaswidi, ukudla okuthosiwe nokudla okulula okunosawoti ekudleni kwakho kwansuku zonke.

Nakuba kungekho bufakazi obuqand’ ikhanda bomphumela oqondile kashukela ekuthuthukiseni umdlavuza wamabele, olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi kuthinta ngokungaqondile ingozi yomdlavuza. Ithimba lososayensi abavela ku-MD Anderson Cancer Center eNyuvesi yaseTexas, lishicilele ucwaningo ngamagundane adle ukudla okunemingcele eqhathaniswa nemenyu evamile "yaseNtshonalanga", ecebile, phakathi kokunye, ngama-carbohydrate acwengiwe. Kuvele ukuthi okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-sucrose ne-fructose kubangele ngaphezulu kwama-50% amagundane ukuthi abe nomdlavuza webele. Okubalulekile, lapho amagundane edla kakhulu amagundane awo, kulapho ayevame ukumetastasized ngokuqhubeka nokubheka izilwane ezigulayo. Kodwa akuyona yonke into. Ucwaningo lwase-Italy, kulokhu kubantu, olushicilelwe ku-American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, lwafakazela ukuxhumana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kakhulu kokudla okunenkomba ephezulu ye-glycemic kanye nomdlavuza webele. "I-wallpaper" ayihlanganisi kuphela ama-pastries amnandi, kodwa futhi i-pasta nelayisi elimhlophe. Kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi ukudla okusheshayo kuphakamisa amazinga kashukela egazini futhi kubangela ukuqhuma okukhulu kwe-insulin ngemva kokudla, kuyanda amathuba okuba nomdlavuza oncike ku-estrogen. Khumbula, ushukela owufaka ekudleni kwakho phakathi nosuku, okuhlanganisa noshukela ovela kumaswidi, uju noma iziphuzo esezivuthiwe, akufanele kube ngaphezu kuka-5% wamandla owathola ekudleni nasekuphuzeni phakathi nosuku. Njengoba kunconywe i-American Heart Association, abesifazane abaningi akufanele badlule i-20g kashukela ngosuku (cishe amathisipuni angu-6), kuhlanganise namanani aqukethwe, isibonelo, ekudleni okucutshungulwe kakhulu.

Ososayensi abaningi basikisela ukuthi hhayi kuphela ushukela, kodwa esikhundleni sawo sokwenziwa, kungase kube nomthelela ngokungaqondile ekuthuthukiseni izifo eziningi. Ucwaningo olwenziwa eWashington University School of Medicine lukhombisile ukuthi enye yezinto ezinoshukela, i-sucralose, ingabangela ukwanda kwe-insulin egazini, futhi uma isetshenziswa kakhulu, ingakhuphula kakhulu inani layo. Futhi lokhu, ngokusho, phakathi kokunye, abacwaningi base-Imperial College London School of Public Health eNgilandi, kungase kube nomthelela engcupheni yokuba nomdlavuza webele. Ngemuva kocwaningo olwenziwa kwabesifazane abangu-3300, kutholakale ukuthi labo ababenezinkinga ze-metabolic ezihlobene nokusabela okungavamile komzimba ku-insulin noma ukungakwazi ukuyikhiqiza basengozini enkulu yomdlavuza kunalabo abangenazo lezi ziphazamiso. Olunye ucwaningo olukhulu lwabesifazane abangemva kokuya esikhathini (i-WHI) nalo luyaqinisekisa ukuthi iqembu labantu ababenamazinga aphezulu e-insulin lalicishe libe ngama-50% amathuba okuba babe nomdlavuza webele kunalabo ababene-insulin ephansi kakhulu. Nakuba ama-sweeteners okwenziwa engabambi iqhaza ngokuqondile ekuthuthukiseni umdlavuza webele, ukusetshenziswa kwawo akufanele kweqiwe, futhi kufanelekile ukuhlola I-Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) "yenhlanganisela emnandi" ngayinye ngaphambi kokuwangeza kumenyu yakho yansuku zonke.

Nakuba kumnandi, kuvela ukuthi ukuyidla njalo kungase kube nomthelela ekwandeni kwengozi yokuba nomdlavuza webele. Amaprotheni ezilwane ezishiswayo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu angase akhulise ukuthuthukiswa kwe-heterocyclic amines (HCA), okuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi iyinhlanganisela engabangela umdlavuza webele. Ngokocwaningo olushicilelwe yiCancer Project, izephula-mthetho ezimbi kakhulu akuzona nje inkukhu eyosiwe, ingulube, inyama yenkomo noma i-salmon, kodwa zonke izinhlobo zenyama ethosiwe futhi ebhakwe ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu. Ukubuyekezwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-HCA, nakuba kuhlukile kuye ngokuthi indlela yokulungiselela isidlo esinikeziwe, kwandisa njalo ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa lokuthosa noma ukugcoba. Olunye ucwaningo lwaphawula, phakathi kokunye, Ingozi ephindwe kahlanu yokuba nomdlavuza webele kwabesifazane abadla inyama ephekwe kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abakhetha inyama ephakathi nendawo noma ethosiwe kancane. Ingozi iphinde yanda lapho lolu hlobo lokudla ludliwa nsuku zonke. I-American Cancer Research Institute iphinde yengeza ukuthi ukuphulukisa inyama nakho kwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-carcinogenic substance, ngakho le ndlela yokupheka kufanele igwenywe.

Kuyisici esifakazelwe sengozi ekuthuthukisweni komdlavuza webele, ubungozi bawo obukhuphuka ngenani elisetshenzisiwe. Ucwaningo lukhombisa njalo ukuthi ukuphuza ubhiya, iwayini nogologo kwandisa amathuba okuba nalezi zinhlobo zomdlavuza oncike kumahomoni. Utshwala bungakhuphuka isb. amazinga e-estrogen ahlotshaniswa nokungeniswa komdlavuza webele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ososayensi baveza ukuthi utshwala bungalimaza ngaphezu kwe-DNA emangqamuzaneni futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukubukeka kwesifo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nabangaphuzi, abesifazane abaphuza utshwala ngezikhathi ezithile baba nokwanda okuncane engozini yokuba nomdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, kwanele ukuthi bakhulise ukuphuza kwabo utshwala kuziphuzo ezi-2-3 ngosuku ukuze babe namathuba angama-20% okuba nomdlavuza webele. Ochwepheshe balinganisela ukuthi umthamo ngamunye olandelanayo wesiphuzo esidakayo ungase andise ingozi yokugula ngamanye amaphesenti ayishumi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, khumbula ukuthi ucwaningo lwango-10 lubonisa ukuthi ukuphuza iziphuzo ezi-2009-3 ngesonto kwandisa ingozi yokuphindaphinda komdlavuza webele kwabesifazane abatholakala benomdlavuza webele, ngisho nasezigabeni zokuqala. Ngakho-ke i-American Cancer Society incoma ukuthi abesifazane bangeqi umthamo wokuphuza okukodwa ngosuku, okungu-4 ml kabhiya, u-350 ml wewayini noma u-150 ml wotshwala obunamandla.

Akubonanga kuphela utshwala obuvaliwe ehlathini, kodwa nemifino, izithelo, ushizi, inyama namantongomane. Kakade imikhiqizo evela ku-5 amaphakheji anjalo iyakwazi ukwandisa izinga le-bisphenol A (BPA) emzimbeni ngo-1000-1200% - into emzimbeni wakho, phakathi kokunye, ukulingisa i-estradiol. Nakuba ukusetshenziswa kwe-BPA kuvunyelwe e-European Union futhi kunedumela lokuba ikhemikhali ephephile, ososayensi abaningi baxwayisa ngokusetshenziswa ngokweqile. Ngaphansi kokucutshungulwa kososayensi, phakathi kokunye ibhalansi yamahomoni wesifazane, ukuphazamiseka kwakho okungase kubangele ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ukugxila kwe-BPA ephezulu ku-serum akuhlotshaniswa kuphela ne-polycystic ovary syndrome noma i-endometriosis, kodwa njengoba kukhonjisiwe ocwaningweni lwango-2012 eNyuvesi yaseCalabria e-Italy, le nto ingase ibe yisici esishukumisa ukukhiqizwa kwephrotheni ebhekele ukuthuthukiswa komdlavuza webele. Ngakho-ke abacwaningi bayeluleka ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lokudla ngokulinganisela futhi banciphise ukusetshenziswa kokudla okusemathinini ukuze bavune imikhiqizo emisha.

Nakuba zingathonywa izici ezihlukahlukene, cishe njalo zihlobene nokudla. Khumbula ukuthi ukuba namafutha amaningi emzimbeni kungandisa ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza webele, okuhlanganisa nokwandisa izinga le-estrogen noma amanani aphezulu e-insulin egazini. Abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi cishe izigameko ezi-5 kweziyi-100 zomdlavuza (5%) zingagwenywa ngokugcina isisindo somzimba esinempilo. Uma sengeza ukuvivinya umzimba kulokhu, amathuba okugula aphansi nakakhulu. Olunye ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi ngisho nokuhamba ihora elingu-1 ngosuku kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yomdlavuza webele. Ososayensi baseFrance baphinde bagcizelele ukuthi ngisho nangemva kokutholwa nokwelashwa komdlavuza, ukuvivinya umzimba nakho kungasiza, kunciphise ingozi yokuphindeka kwalesi sifo. Inani elinconyiwe lezemidlalo lokuvimbela umdlavuza kangcono cishe amahora angama-4-5 ngesonto. Okudingayo umsebenzi olinganiselayo, njengokuhamba ngokushesha noma ukuhamba ngebhayisikili.