Ukuxhashazwa kobulili kwamantombazane, inkolo yezithombe ezingcolile zobulili phakathi kwabafana, ukuvumelana nokuziphatha abazali babo abakubonisayo ... Akulona yini iphutha likaFreud? Wayengeyena yini owokuqala ukumemezela ukuthi amandla okushayela e-«I» angenalwazi nazo zonke izifiso ezingcolile kanye nemicabango efihlwe kuyo? Uzindla nge-psychoanalyst uCatherine Chabert.
Ingabe uFreud wayengeyena owokuqala ukugomela ukuthi zonke izingane ngaphandle kokukhetha "ziphenduke i-polymorphically"?1 "Yebo, ukhathazekile!" abanye bebabaza.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izingxoxo eziye zenzeka mayelana ne-psychoanalysis kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo, ingxabano eyinhloko yabaphikisi be-sofa yonke le minyaka ihlala ingashintshiwe: uma isihloko socansi "i-alpha ne-omega" yomcabango we-psychoanalytic, umuntu angakwazi kanjani ukubona okuthile « ukukhathazeka» kukho?
Kodwa-ke, yilabo kuphela abangazi nhlobo ngesihloko - noma abajwayele kancane - abangaqhubeka nokugxeka ngenkani uFreud ngokuthi "i-pansexualism". Uma kungenjalo, ungakusho kanjani lokho? Yiqiniso, uFreud wagcizelela ukubaluleka kwengxenye yobulili yemvelo yomuntu futhi waze waphikisa ngokuthi ingaphansi kwazo zonke izinzwa. Kodwa kusukela ngo-1916, akazange akhathele ukuphindaphinda: "I-Psychoanalysis ayikaze ikhohlwe ukuthi kunezimo ezingezona ezocansi, incike ekuhlukaniseni okucacile kokuziphatha kocansi kanye nokushayela kwe-"I"2.
Manje-ke kuthiwani emazwini akhe okwaba yinkimbinkimbi kangangokuthi izingxabano mayelana nendlela okufanele ziqondwe ngayo azizange zidambe iminyaka eyikhulu? Isizathu siwumqondo weFreudian wobulili, okungewona wonke umuntu ohumusha ngendlela efanele.
UFreud akakaze ashayele ucingo: "Uma ufuna ukuphila kangcono - yenza ucansi!"
Ukubeka ubulili phakathi nendawo yokungazi lutho kanye ne-psyche yonke, uFreud akakhulumi nje ngobulili kanye nokugcwaliseka kobulili. Ekuqondeni kwakhe ubulili bobulili, izifiso zethu azikwazi neze ukunciphisa ku-libido, efuna ukwaneliseka ekuthintaneni kocansi okuphumelelayo. Kungamandla aqhuba ukuphila ngokwawo, futhi ahlanganiswe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, aqondiswe kwezinye izinjongo, njengokuthi, isibonelo, ukuzuza injabulo nempumelelo emsebenzini noma ukuqashelwa kokudala.
Ngenxa yalokhu, emphefumulweni ngamunye wethu kukhona izingxabano zengqondo lapho izifiso zobulili ezisheshayo kanye nezidingo ze "I", izifiso kanye nokuvinjelwa kushayisana.
UFreud akakaze ashayele ucingo: "Uma ufuna ukuphila kangcono - yenza ucansi!" Cha, ubulili akulula kakhulu ukukhulula, akulula kakhulu ukwanelisa ngokugcwele: bukhula kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila futhi bungaba umthombo wokuhlupheka nokuzijabulisa, okuyinto inkosi ye-psychoanalysis esitshela ngayo. Indlela yakhe isiza wonke umuntu ukuba abe nenkhulumomphendvulwano nokuquleka kwabo, axazulule izingxabano ezijulile futhi ngaleyo ndlela athole inkululeko yangaphakathi.
1 Bheka "Izindatshana Ezintathu Ngethiyori Yezocansi" ku-Z. Freud's Essays on theory of Sexuality (AST, 2008).
2 Z. Freud "Isingeniso ku-Psychoanalysis" (AST, 2016).