Ekuqaleni, uSuku Lomhlaba lwalugcwele umsebenzi wezenhlalakahle: abantu bazwakalisa futhi baqinisa amalungelo abo, abesifazane balwela ukuphathwa okulinganayo. Kodwa-ke yayingekho i-EPA, i-Clean Air Act, noMthetho Wamanzi Ahlanzekile.
Cishe sekudlule iminyaka engu-XNUMX, futhi lokho okwaqala njengenhlangano enkulu yomphakathi sekuphenduke usuku lwamazwe ngamazwe lokunakwa nomsebenzi ozinikele ekulondolozweni kwemvelo.
Izigidi zabantu zibamba iqhaza kuSuku Lomhlaba emhlabeni jikelele. Abantu bagubha ngokwenza imibukiso, ukutshala izihlahla, ukuhlangana nabamele indawo nokuhlanza indawo.
Early
Inani lezindaba ezibucayi zezemvelo zibe nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwenhlangano yesimanje yezemvelo.
Incwadi kaRachel Carson ethi Silent Spring, eyanyatheliswa ngo-1962, yembula ukusetshenziswa okuyingozi kwesibulala-zinambuzane esibizwa ngokuthi i-DDT esasingcolisa imifula futhi sicekela phansi namaqanda ezinyoni ezidla inyama njengama-bald eagle.
Lapho inhlangano yesimanje yezemvelo isakhula, ukungcola kwakubonakala ngokugcwele. Izimpaphe zenyoni zazimnyama ezinomule. Kwaba nentuthu emoyeni. Besisaqala ukucabanga ngokugaywa kabusha.
Kwathi ngo-1969, ukuchitheka kukawoyela okukhulu kwagadla ogwini lwaseSanta Barbara, eCalifornia. Khona-ke uSenator u-Gaylord Nelson wase-Wisconsin wenza uSuku Lomhlaba lwaba iholide likazwelonke, futhi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-20 basekela lolu hlelo.
Lokhu kwagqugquzela inhlangano eyaphoqa uMongameli waseMelika uRichard Nixon ukuthi akhe i-Environmental Protection Agency. Eminyakeni kusukela ngoSuku Lomhlaba lokuqala, kube nokuwina okukhulu kwemvelo kwe-48. Yonke imvelo yayivikelekile: emanzini ahlanzekile kuya ezilwaneni ezisengozini yokushabalala.
I-US Environmental Protection Agency nayo isebenzela ukuvikela impilo yabantu. Ngokwesibonelo, i-lead ne-asbestos, eyake yatholakala yonke indawo ezindlini nasemahhovisi, iye yaqedwa kakhulu emikhiqizweni eminingi evamile.
Namuhla
Ipulasitiki ingenye yezinkinga ezinkulu zezemvelo njengamanje.
Upulasitiki ukuyo yonke indawo - izinqwaba ezinkulu njengeGreat Pacific Garbage Patch, kanye nama-micronutrients adliwa izilwane futhi agcine esesitsheni sethu sakusihlwa.
Ezinye izinhlangano zezemvelo zihlela ukunyakaza kwabantu aphansi ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki evamile njengezitsha zepulasitiki; I-UK ize yahlongoza umthetho wokuvala ukusetshenziswa kwawo. Lena enye yezindlela zokunciphisa inani lemfucumfucu yepulasitiki engaphinde igaywe kabusha, engama-91%.
Kodwa ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki akuyona ukuphela kwenkinga esongela uMhlaba. Izinkinga zemvelo ezimbi kakhulu zanamuhla cishe ziwumphumela womthelela abantu ababe nawo eMhlabeni eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili edlule.
“Izinkinga ezimbili ezicindezela kakhulu esibhekene nazo namuhla ukulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, futhi lezi zinkinga zixhumene,” kusho uJonathan Bailey, usosayensi omkhulu e-National Geographic Society.
Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kusongela ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo nokuvikeleka kwezwe. Kubangele izigigaba ezifana nokucekelwa phansi kweGreat Barrier Reef kanye nezimo zezulu ezingajwayelekile.
Ngokungafani noSuku Lomhlaba lokuqala, manje sekunohlaka lokulawula oluqinile emhlabeni wonke ukuze lulawule inqubomgomo yezemvelo kanye nomthelela wethu. Umbuzo uthi izoqhubeka yini nakusasa.
U-Bailey waphawula ukuthi ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga zemvelo kudinga ushintsho olubalulekile. Uthi: “Okokuqala, kudingeka siyazise ngokwengeziwe indalo. Khona-ke kufanele sizibophezele ekuvikeleni izifunda ezibucayi kakhulu. Ekugcineni, uveza ukuthi sidinga ukusungula izinto ezintsha ngokushesha. Isibonelo, ukukhiqizwa okuphumelelayo kwamaprotheni emifino kanye nokutshalwa kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo kuzosiza ukunciphisa umthelela walokho akubheka njengosongo olukhulu emhlabeni.
"Enye yezithiyo zethu ezinkulu ukucabanga kwethu: sidinga abantu ukuthi baxhumane ngokomzwelo nomhlaba wemvelo, baqonde ukuthi kusebenza kanjani kanye nokuncika kwethu kuwo," kusho u-Bailey. “Eqinisweni, uma siyikhathalela imvelo, sizoyazisa futhi siyivikele futhi senze izinqumo eziqinisekisa ikusasa eliqhakazile lezinto eziphilayo kanye nemvelo.”