Unqume kanjani ukuqala ibhizinisi lakho likawoyela?
Ekuqaleni, sasingenalo umqondo wokuhlanganyela ekukhiqizeni ibhotela. Wavela ngenhlanhla, ezifunela amafutha emvelo. Kusukela ngo-2012, saqala ukucabanga ngokuthi yikuphi ukudla esikuphakela umzimba wethu. Safunda izincwadi eziningi ngesihloko sokudla okunempilo futhi saqala ukukusebenzisa. Elinye lamaphuzu ezinhlelo zethu ezintsha ezinempilo kwakuwukusebenzisa amasaladi amasha avela emifino namakhambi.
Ngokuvamile sasigqoka amasaladi anokhilimu omuncu, imayonnaise yesikhathi eside ethengwa esitolo, amafutha kabhekilanga angahlungiwe namafutha omnqumo avela kwamanye amazwe. Ukhilimu omuncu kanye nemayonnaise kwakungafakwa ngokushesha: ukhilimu omuncu wawunokunambitheka okungavamile kwe-powder, imayonnaise ene-E eningi ekubunjweni yayibi nakakhulu. Kwakungekho ukuthembela emafutheni omnqumo: ngokuvamile amafutha omnqumo ahlanjululwa ngemifino eshibhile. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, sathuthela ezintabeni zaseKrasnodar Territory, futhi lapho abangane bethu basiphatha ngamafutha kabhekilanga athengwa esitolo sokudla kwezempilo. Samangala kakhulu: ingabe ngempela amafutha e-sunflower? Ngakho ithenda, ilula, ngaphandle kokunambitheka okuthosiwe kanye nephunga. I-silky kakhulu, bengifuna ukuphuza izipuni ezimbalwa zayo. UVyacheslav wafunda ukwenza ibhotela yedwa ekhaya, ukuze kube ngendlela esizama ngayo. Futhi wenza umgqomo wokhuni ngezandla zakhe. Imbewu esikhwameni yafakwa emgqonyeni futhi uwoyela wakhanywa ngaphandle kusetshenziswa umshini wokunyathelisa osebenzisa amanzi. Injabulo yethu yayingenamingcele! Amafutha, amnandi kakhulu, anempilo futhi awawo!
Amafutha enziwa kanjani esikalini sezimboni?
Sifunde ulwazi oluningi ngesihloko sokukhiqizwa kukawoyela. Uwoyela ucindezelwa esikalini sezimboni ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Ekukhiqizeni, i-screw press isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi, inikeza isivuno esikhulu samafutha, ukuqhubeka, isivinini sokukhiqiza. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokujikeleza kwama-screw shafts, imbewu namafutha ashiswa ngokungqubuzana futhi ahlangane nensimbi. Amafutha esitolo asevele ashisa kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa lingaba ngaphezu kwama-degree angu-100. Kukhona abakhiqizi abathi banesistimu yokupholisa. Sesiwazamile lamafutha, namanje asenuka phu ethosiwe, kancane nje. Futhi, abakhiqizi abaningi bagazinga imbewu ngaphambi kokuyicindezela noma ukuyicindezela emshinini okhethekile ogazinga futhi uwucindezele. Isivuno samafutha embewu ethosiwe sikhulu kakhulu kunembewu ekamelweni lokushisa.
Indlela elandelayo evame kakhulu yokukhipha uwoyela iwukukhipha. Imbewu ifakwe kuma-extractors, agcwaliswe nge-solvent (uphethiloli wokukhipha noma i-nefras), lokhu kunomthelela ekukhululweni kwamafutha embewu. Ukukhipha kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokukhipha uwoyela ezintweni ezingavuthiwe.
Ikuvumela ukuthi ukhiphe kuze kufike ku-99% wamafutha kusuka kumbewu namantongomane. Kwenziwa kumadivayisi akhethekile - ama-extractors. Enkambweni yokucindezela, amafutha ashiswa ngaphezu kuka-200 C. Khona-ke amafutha ahamba ngezigaba eziningi zokuhlanzwa kusuka ku-solvent - ukucwenga: i-hydration, i-bleaching, i-deodorization, iqhwa kanye nezihlungi eziningana.
Ayini amafutha ayingozi atholakala ngezindlela ezinjalo?
Emafutheni emifino, ngokushisa okuqinile, kwakhiwa izinhlanganisela ezinobuthi: i-acrolein, i-acrylamide, ama-radicals mahhala nama-polymers anamafutha acid, i-heterocyclic amines, i-benzpyrene. Lezi zinto zinobuthi futhi zithinta kabi amangqamuzana, izicubu nezitho, futhi zisheshisa inqubo yokuguga. Izindonga zemithambo yegazi ngaphansi kwethonya labo ziba ntekenteke futhi zibe sengozini. Kwandisa amathuba okuba nama-neoplasms ayingozi (izimila) noma kuholele kuwo, kuholela ekuveleni kwe-atherosclerosis yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Uma kuziwa emafutheni acwengisisiwe, ukucwenga uwoyela akuqinisekisi ukususwa okuphelele kwawo wonke amakhemikhali ayingozi ayesetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amafutha. Kulo mafutha, ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwamavithamini anenzuzo kanye nama-fatty acids abalulekile kwenzeka. Ngesikhathi sokukhishwa nokucwengwa, ama-molecule e-fatty acid ezinto zezitshalo zemvelo akhubazeka ngendlela engenakubonwa. Yile ndlela amafutha e-trans atholakala ngayo - ama-trans isomers of fatty acids angamuncwanga umzimba. Amafutha acolisisiwe aqukethe amaphesenti angama-25 ala ma-molecule. Ama-transisomers awakhishwa emzimbeni futhi kancane kancane anqwabelana kuwo. Kulokhu, umuntu odla njalo amafutha emifino ehlungiwe angase abe nezifo ezihlukahlukene ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngabe bayasikhohlisa ngokucindezela amakhaza ezitolo?
Siphinde saba nentshisekelo kulo mbuzo: kungani ubhekilanga wokuqala uhlala unuka njengembewu egazingiwe? Kuvela ukuthi yebo, bayakhohlisa, bathi amafutha "abandayo", kodwa empeleni athengisa amafutha ashisayo. Uma sithatha, isibonelo, amafutha we-sunflower, khona-ke ukunambitheka nephunga lamafutha acindezelwe eluhlaza kuthambile, kulula, ngaphandle kwephunga lembewu eyosiwe. Wonke amafutha aphethwe ukushisa anephunga elinamandla kakhulu kunamafutha acindezelwe eluhlaza. Amafutha acindezelwe ushizi alula, athambile futhi amnandi ekuthunjweni.
Lenziwa kanjani ibhotela elingavuthiwe elilungile?
Isimo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuthola amafutha emvelo anempilo ukukhama ekamelweni lokushisa, ngaphandle kokushisa. Ibhotela elicindezelwe ushizi litholakala ngendlela endala - ngosizo lwemiphongolo ye-oki. Imbewu ithululelwa esikhwameni sendwangu, ifakwe emgqonyeni, ukucindezela kancane kancane kusetshenziswa kusuka phezulu kusetshenziswa ukucindezela kwe-hydraulic. Ngenxa yokucindezela, imbewu iyacindezelwa, futhi amafutha aphuma kuzo. Ibhotela elingahluziwe alicutshungulwanga ngokuphelele futhi asisebenzisi noma yimaphi ama-preservatives ukulondoloza.
Angakanani uwoyela ongatholakala kuwoyela owodwa?
Njengoba ukukhishwa kwenzeka ngaphandle kokushisa futhi ngendlela encane ye-manual, inani lamafutha emgqonyeni owodwa litholakala kusuka ku-100 kuya ku-1000 ml, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo, emjikelezweni owodwa wamahora angu-4.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zamafutha angempela acindezelwe?
Amafutha emifino acindezelwe eluhlaza aqukethe amavithamini awusizo, amafutha abalulekile, ama-antioxidants emvelo, ama-phosphatides, ama-tocopherols. Njengoba amafutha awakho ngaphansi kokucutshungulwa, agcina zonke izakhiwo zokuphulukisa ezitholakala ohlotsheni lwamafutha. Ngokwesibonelo, uwoyela we-linseed usiza ekugcineni ubuqotho bolwelwesi lwamangqamuzana, impilo yemithambo yegazi, imizwa nenhliziyo. Inomphumela onenzuzo esikhumbeni, izinwele kanye nokunwebeka kwezicubu. Amafutha embewu yethanga anomphumela we-antiparasitic, akhuthaza ukubuyiselwa kwamaseli esibindi. Amafutha e-Walnut athuthukisa ithoni yomzimba wonke. Amafutha omsedari asiza ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba. Ubhekilanga unovithamini E, ovikela ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Amafutha we-sesame omnyama asetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ukuvimbela i-osteoporosis ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-calcium ne-phosphorus kuwo. Futhi, amafutha e-apricot kernel namafutha e-alimondi asetshenziselwa ukunakekelwa kobuso nomzimba, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokubhucunga.
Ubakhetha kanjani abahlinzeki? Phela, izinto zokusetshenziswa ziwumgogodla webhizinisi lakho.
Ekuqaleni, kwakunobunzima obuningi ekutholeni izinto ezinhle zokusetshenziswa. Kancane kancane, sathola abalimi abatshala izitshalo ngaphandle kwezibulala-zinambuzane. Siyakhumbula ukuthi lapho sibiza abakhiqizi abahlukene futhi sibabuza ukuthi imbewu yabo imile yini, abazange basiqonde, ukuyibeka kahle.
Wavela kanjani umbono wegama?
Egameni, besifuna ukubeka incazelo yokuthi amafutha angokwemvelo. "Sawubona Organic" kithi kusho ukuthi "Sawubona, imvelo!".
Zingaki izinhlobo zamafutha onazo njengamanje? Kukuphi ukukhiqizwa?
Manje sikhiqiza izinhlobo eziyi-12 zamafutha: i-apricot kernel, lwesinaphi, i-walnut, isesame kusuka kumbewu yesesame emnyama, umsedari, i-hemp, i-linseed evela kumbewu yefilakisi emhlophe nensundu, i-hazelnut, i-alimondi, ithanga, ubhekilanga. Ubisi lwe-milk thistle namafutha amnyama we-cumin azovela maduze. Ukukhiqizwa kutholakala ezintabeni eduze kwaseSochi. Manje sandisa futhi silungisa ukukhiqizwa.
Ayini amafutha anambitheka kakhulu? Iyiphi edume kakhulu?
Umuntu ngamunye uzoba nokunambitheka kwakhe kwebhotela. Sithanda i-linseed, isesame, ithanga, i-hazelnut. Ngokuvamile, ukunambitheka nezidingo kuyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuya ngokuthi hlobo luni lwamafutha olufunayo njengamanje. Phakathi kwabathengi, amafutha athandwa kakhulu yi-flaxseed. Khona-ke i-sunflower, i-sesame, ithanga, imisedari.
Ngitshele ngelineni. Amafutha ababayo kangaka angaba kanjani afunwa kakhulu?
Iqiniso liwukuthi amafutha e-linseed asanda kucindezelwa ngaphandle kokwelashwa okushisa awababayo, kodwa athambile kakhulu, amnandi, anempilo, anokunambitheka okuncane kwe-nutty. Amafutha e-Flaxseed anesikhathi seshelufu senyanga engu-1 ene-cork engavuliwe, futhi cishe amasonto angu-3 ane-cork evulekile esiqandisini. Iqukethe ama-acids polyunsaturated fatty acids asheshayo, ngakho-ke inokuphila okufushane kweshelufu. Ezitolo, ngeke uthole uwoyela we-linseed ongababayo ngaphandle kwama-preservatives uma uneshelufu lesikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga eyi-1.
Yiziphi izitsha ezihamba kahle ngamafutha aluhlaza acindezelwe?
Okokuqala, ngezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamasaladi, futhi ngamafutha ngamunye, isidlo sizwakala ngokunambitheka okuhlukile. Kuhle futhi ukwengeza amafutha ezitsheni ezihlangothini, izitsha eziyinhloko. Into eyinhloko ukuthi ukudla sekuvele kubanda. Ngezinhloso zokwelapha, amafutha aphuzwa isipuni noma isipuni ngokuhlukana nokudla.
I-niche yamafutha angempela igcwala kancane kancane, izinkampani eziningi ezintsha ziyeza. Ungafinyelela kanjani izikhundla zokuqala esigabeni esinzima kangaka?
Izinga lomkhiqizo kumele libe lihle kakhulu, lokhu kuyinto yokuqala futhi ebaluleke kakhulu. Ekuqaleni, bekunzima ngathi ukutshela amakhasimende ukuthi yimuphi umehluko phakathi kwebhotela elicindezelwe eluhlaza nokuthi kungani linenani eliphakeme. Wonke umuntu oke wazama ibhotela elicindezelwe eluhlaza bese uthenga lokhu kuphela. Abakhiqizi bamafutha aluhlaza abatholakala njengamanje bayasizana kakhulu. Manje abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe sebeyazi ukuthi bangakhetha kanjani uwoyela omuhle wekhwalithi ephezulu, bafuna uwoyela ozocindezelwa ngokunembile emshinini wokunyathelisa we-oki.
Abantu bazi kanjani ngawe? Uwamaketha kanjani uwoyela wakho? Ingabe ubamba iqhaza ezimakethe, usebenzisa i-instagram?
Manje sibheke ngenkuthalo ukubambisana nezitolo zokudla zezempilo ezahlukahlukene, siye sabamba iqhaza emibukisweni izikhathi eziningana. Siyahola, sikhuluma ngobunkimbinkimbi bokukhiqiza kanye nezindlela zokupheka eziwusizo. Senza ukulethwa okusheshayo eRussia.
Indlela yokusabalalisa umsebenzi nokuphila okuvamile ebhizinisini lomndeni? Ingabe kukhona ukungaboni ngaso linye emndenini wakho mayelana nomsebenzi?
Kithina, ukuqala ukwenza ibhizinisi lomndeni elivamile kwakuyithuba lokwazana eduze kakhulu futhi sivuleleke. Siphatha ibhizinisi lomndeni njengomsebenzi othokozisayo. Zonke izinqumo zithathwa ngokuhlanganyela engxoxweni evulelekile, siyabonisana ukuthi yikuphi okungcono kakhulu nokuthi kanjani. Futhi sifika esixazululweni esithembisa kakhudlwana, bobabili abavumelana naso.
Ingabe uhlela ukwandisa inzuzo noma ufuna ukuhlala ungumkhiqizo omncane?
Ngokuqinisekile asifuni isitshalo esikhulu. Sihlela ukuthuthukisa, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, sifuna ukugcina ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu ukukhiqizwa komndeni okuphakathi nendawo.
Abantu abaningi manje bafuna ukuba osomabhizinisi. Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqala ibhizinisi lakho?
Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi isifundo sisuka enhliziyweni, kunesifiso esiqotho sokwenza okuthile. Kumele ithandwe. Vele, udinga ukwazi ukuthi umsebenzi wosomabhizinisi ungaphezu kwamahora ayi-8 ngosuku 5/2. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi uwuthande kakhulu umsebenzi wakho ukuze ungawuyeki lapho kukhona okungahambi kahle kungazelelwe. Hhayi-ke, usizo olubalulekile kuzoba yimali edingekayo yokuqala ibhizinisi kanye nentuthuko eyengeziwe.