I-fundus ukuhlolwa kwe-ophthalmologic okukuvumela ukuthi ubone ngeso lengqondo izakhiwo ezijulile zeso. Iwusizo ekuhlonzweni kwezifo zamehlo kodwa nasekuxilongweni nasekulandeleni umonakalo owenziwe kwi-retina ngenxa yezifo ezijwayelekile ezifana nesifo sikashukela.

I-fundus ukuhlolwa kwe-ophthalmologic okungenabuhlungu okuhloswe ukutadisha izakhiwo zeso ezitholakala ngemuva kwelensi: umzimba we-vitreous, i-retina, ingxenye emaphakathi ye-retina noma i-macula eyakhiwe ngamaseli e-retinal abizwa ngokuthi ama-cones avumela umbala. ukubona kanye nokubona okunembile nezinduku ezikuyo yonke i-retina futhi zivumela ukubona ebusuku nokunemba kancane ngaphandle kwemibala…, i-papilla, ingxenye ye-retina lapho inzwa ishiya i-optic kanye nemithambo nemithambo ye-retina) futhi ikakhulukazi i-retina.

Iso liyindilinga njengebhaluni ngokwesibonelo futhi i-fundus ivumela, nge-orifice yomfundi (ifasitela elincane, indilinga emnyama phakathi kwe-iris enemibala yeso) ukubona ingaphakathi "lebhaluni".

Isetshenziselwa ukubona izifo ezithile zamehlo (isifo sikashukela i-retinopathy, ukuwohloka kwe-macular okuhlobene neminyaka, njll.) noma ukuqapha ukukhula kwazo. Kunamasu amaningana e-fundus: nge-ophthalmoscope, nge-biomocroscope noma isibani esisikiwe esinengilazi yesibuko esi-3, nge-OCT noma i-optical coherence tomography.

I-fundus iwukuhlolwa okungaxilonga futhi kuqaphe izifo zamehlo ezifana nokuwohloka kwe-macular okuhlobene neminyaka (AMD), i-glaucoma, i-retinal detachment. Futhi ukuxilongwa nokulandelwa kwe-hypertensive retinopathy ehambisana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye ne-retinopathy kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. I-retinopathy yisifo se-retina noma imithambo yegazi ku-retina. I-fundus ingenziwa kunoma ibuphi ubudala, ngisho nasezinsaneni ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngokushintsha indlela yokuhlola.

Kunconywa ukwenza i-fundus ekuzalweni uma umfundi wengane emhlophe, eneminyaka engu-1, iminyaka emi-3, iminyaka emi-5, bese kuthi njalo eminyakeni emi-5 uma kungekho lutho lokubuka . Kusukela eminyakeni ye-presbyopia, kufanele igadwe kaningi. I-fundus kufanele yenziwe minyaka yonke ngezinkinga ezaziwayo ze-retina (isb. isifo sikashukela i-retinopathy) futhi njalo eminyakeni emibili ngokuphazamiseka kokubona okufana nokungaboni eduze, i-presbyopia noma i-hyperopia.

Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela

Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, i-fundus yenziwa okungenani kanye ngonyaka kuyo yonke iminyaka, kaningi ku-diabetic retinopathy ephathwa ngokuphumelelayo nge-laser noma imijovo, ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa iso.

Amacala aphuthumayo

I-fundus ingenziwa futhi ngokushesha uma unezimpawu ezithile ezinjengokwehla kungazelelwe kokubona kahle, ukufiphala okubukwayo, ubuhlungu, ukubona izimpukane ezindizayo noma ukubonakala kweveli elimnyama, noma uma uke wahlukumezeka ukuze ukubone, isibonelo, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retina.

Azikho izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele zithathwe ngaphambi kokuphasisa i-fundus. Kufanele nje ukhumule amalensi othintana naye futhi ungafaki izimonyo emehlweni akho. Kwezinye izimo, amaconsi esweni okuhlolwa afakwa emehlweni ukuze avuleke umfundi. Kuthatha phakathi kwemizuzu engama-20 nengama-45 ukuthi abafundi banwetshwe.

Ukuze kuhlolwe, ubeka isiphongo sakho nesilevu ngemuva kwesibani esisikiwe. Lokhu kuhlolwa akubuhlungu futhi kuthatha imizuzu emi-5 kuya kweyi-10. Amaconsi e-anesthetic eye angasetshenziswa ukuze aqede i-cornea.

Qaphela, uzoba nombono olufifi ngemva kokuhlolwa uma ube namaconsi esweni futhi ngeke ukwazi ukushayela. Ngakho-ke, kuyancomeka ukuza ku-fundus ephelezelwa noma ngezithuthi zomphakathi. Ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo, kunconywa ukuthi ugqoke izibuko zelanga ngemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa uma ube nabafundi abanwetshiwe.

Imiphumela ye-fundus yaziwa ngokushesha.

I-Macular degeneration (AMD)

I-fundus ingakwazi ukubona ukuwohloka kwe-macular okuhlobene neminyaka (AMD) okungama noma kube manzi. Ukuwohloka kwe-macular okuhlobene nobudala (AMD) isethi yezilonda eziwohlokayo eziseceleni kuzakhi zofuzo kanye/noma izinto ezithintekayo endaweni ezungezile, ezishintsha indawo emaphakathi ye-retina ivame kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-50. . Ababhemayo bane-AMD izikhathi ezi-4 nangaphambili. Uma kwenzeka ukusola kwe-AMD ku-fundus, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyenziwa: i-angiography kanye ne-optical coherence tomography (noma i-OCT).

I-glaucoma

I-fundus ingadalula i-glaucoma lapho kunokungajwayelekile kwe-optic papilla (inhloko ye-optic nerve) kanye nemicu yamehlo ephawulwayo. Ukuhlola i-glaucoma kudinga nokulinganisa umfutho wamehlo nokuhlola i-engeli ye-iridocorneal ebizwa ngokuthi i-gonioscopy. Ukubandakanyeka kwe-Optic nerve kuqinisekiswa ukuhlolwa kwe-OCT.

I-glaucoma yisifo esikhohlisayo esikwenza ube yimpumputhe ngoba phakathi neminyaka yokuziphendukela kwemvelo isiguli asinazo izimpawu noma izimpawu, lokhu kubonakala kuphela ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo ngokuthatha ukucindezela kwamehlo, ukuhlaziya imizwa. i-optic kanye ne-papillae yayo (i-OCT ne-fundus) nangokuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kwenkambu yokubuka. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-glaucoma ezingaba khona kanyekanye: i-engeli-closure glaucoma (i-engeli ihlolwa nge-gonioscopy kodwa ngaphambi kokuvuleka komfundi), kanye ne-open-angle glaucoma ehambisana nesifo se-optic nerve nge-hypertension yamehlo, ngofuzo noma ngokungahambi kahle kwegazi.

Ku-glaucoma ye-engeli evaliwe, uma kwenzeka kuba nenhlekelele, i-optic nerve iyabhujiswa emahoreni angu-6. Kubuhlungu kakhulu ukuthi uyibona inkinga ngokushesha bese uya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo. I-fundus isiza ukugwema lesi simo. Lapho udokotela wamehlo eqaphela ingozi yokuvala i-engeli ngesibani esinqunyiwe (i-fundus) kanye ne-gonioscopy, angakwazi ukulungisa inkinga nge-laser encane.

I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Biomicroscopic ye-fundus ngemuva kokunwetshwa komfundi kungaveza i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela. I-Fundus kufanele yengezwe ngezithombe ze-fundus.

I-fundus ingasetshenziswa ukwenza ukuxilongwa kwe-hypertensive retinopathy kumongo we-arterial hypertension.

Intengo ye-fundus nge-biomicroscopy ingama-euro angama-28,29. I-fundus ye-OCT inezindleko zama-euro angama-62,02. Intengo evamile ye-fundus ene-dilation ingu-€ 35,91. Okusele okumele kukhokhwe kanye nanoma yiziphi izimali ezingaphezulu zingakhavwa inkampani yakho yomshwalense ohlanganyelwe.