I-Follicular lymphoma umdlavuza othinta amangqamuzana athile amasosha omzimba. Ukuphatha kuncike ekuqhubekeleni phambili kwe-lymphoma kanye nesimo somuntu othintekayo.

Incazelo ye-follicular lymphoma

I-follicular lymphoma ingenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (phakathi kuka-20% no-30% wamacala). I-Non-Hodgkin lymphoma umdlavuza othinta amangqamuzana amasosha omzimba, okungamangqamuzana athile ahilelekile ekuvikelweni komzimba.

Endabeni ye-follicular lymphoma, amaseli athintekayo angama-B lymphocyte anesibopho sokukhiqiza amasosha omzimba. Igama elithi “follicular” libhekisela ekuhlelweni kwamangqamuzana ahlangana ndawonye ku-lymph node noma ezinye izicubu.

I-follicular lymphoma yenzeka lapho i-B lymphocyte iba engavamile futhi iphindaphindeka ngaphandle kokulawula. Ukunqwabelana kwala maseli kuholela ekwakhekeni kwesimila esisodwa noma ngaphezulu ngokuvamile atholakala kuma-lymph nodes. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimila zingabuye zikhule ku-spleen, umnkantsha wamathambo nezinye izitho.

Ukuqhubeka kwe-follicular lymphoma ngokuvamile kuhamba kancane. Noma kunjalo, kwenzeka ukuthi iba nolaka futhi iguquke ngokushesha. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuze kukhawulwe ubungozi bezinkinga.

Izimbangela nezici zobungozi

Izimbangela ze-follicular lymphoma azikacaciswa ngokucacile. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo luye lwagqamisa izici eziyingozi ezingakhuthaza ukukhula komdlavuza:

• izici zemvelo njengokuchayeka ezibulala-zinambuzane namakhemikhali athile;
• izici zendlela yokuphila njengokubhema nokuphuzwa kotshwala ngokweqile.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-follicular lymphoma

Uphawu oluyisici lwe-follicular lymphoma, ukuvuvukala okungavamile kwe-lymph nodes eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kungabonwa nge-palpation. Lokhu kuhlolwa komtholampilo kungase kwengezwe ngokuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kwesithombe sezokwelapha kanye ne-biopsy (ukuthatha isampula yezicubu).

Abantu abathintekayo yi-follicular lymphoma

Nakuba ingase ivele kunoma ibuphi ubudala, i-follicular lymphoma ayivamisile ukubonakala ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-35. Ibonakala kaningi kusukela eminyakeni engu-50, isilinganiso seminyaka yokuxilongwa siphakathi kweminyaka engama-55 nengama-60. EFrance, cishe bangu-2500 abantu abasha abatholakalayo unyaka ngamunye.

Izigulane ezivuvukalayo

Isibonakaliso esivame kakhulu se-follicular lymphoma ukukhuliswa kwe-lymph nodes eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Ukuvuvukala ngokuvamile akubuhlungu, ngisho nalapho ama-node ebonakala. Ama-lymph nodes avuvuke avame ukubonakala entanyeni noma emakhwapheni kodwa angatholakala nakwezinye izindawo zomzimba njengesifuba nesisu.

Ezinye izimpawu ezingenzeka

Ama-lymph node avuvukile angahambisana nezimpawu ezinjengezi:

• ukukhathala;
• imfiva ;
• izithukuthuku ezinzima ebusuku;
• ukuncipha komzimba.

Ukuphathwa kuncike ekuqhubekeni kwe-lymphoma kanye nesimo somuntu othintekayo.

Ukuqashwa kwezokwelapha

Lapho i-follicular lymphoma itholwa kusenesikhathi, isesigabeni sokuqala noma inengozi encane yokuqhubekela phambili, kubekwa ukubhekwa kwezokwelapha okulula.

Radiotherapy

Uma i-follicular lymphoma ingathuthukisiwe kahle noma isendaweni, i-radiotherapy ingase inikezwe. Kubandakanya ukuveza indawo yesimila emisebeni ezobhubhisa amaseli anesifo.

immunotherapy

Kumafomu athuthuke kakhulu, i-immunotherapy ivame ukunikezwa. Umgomo wawo uwukugqugquzela izivikeli mzimba ukuze zilwe nokuthuthukiswa kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza. 

Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali

I-Immunotherapy ivame ukuhlanganiswa ne-chemotherapy, okubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ukubulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Njengezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza, ukuvimbela i-follicular lymphoma ngokuyinhloko ngokugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo. Ngakho-ke kunconywa ikakhulukazi ukuthi:

• gcina ukudla okunempilo nokulinganisela;
• ungabhemi noma uyeke ukubhema;
• nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kophuzo oludakayo.