Okuqukethwe
I-genus yezinhlanzi ezincane, ezihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana. Naphezu kokubonakala kwesici senhlanzi engezansi, enezimpondo ezinde, ingeyohlelo olufana ne-perch. Amagama aseRussia - "i-mullet ebomvu ne-sultanka" ahlotshaniswa nokuba khona kwamadevu kule nhlanzi. "I-Barbus" iyintshebe, "i-sultan" ingumbusi waseTurkey, umnikazi wamadevu amade. Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obuncane (20-30 cm), kubhekwa njengenhlanzi ebalulekile yokuhweba. Abanye abantu bangafinyelela ku-45 cm. Wonke ama-mullets abomvu anekhanda elikhulu. Umlomo omncane wehliselwa phansi, umzimba unwetshiwe futhi ubekwe eceleni kancane. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, umzimba unemibala engalingani ngama-hues abomvu. Imvamisa, imihlambi ye-mullet ebomvu izulazula phansi endaweni esogwini ekujuleni kwe-15-30 m. Kodwa abanye abantu baphinde batholakala ekucindezelekeni okuphansi kuze kufike ku-100-300 m. Izinhlanzi ziphila impilo ephansi kuphela. Ngokuvamile, imihlambi ye-sultanok ingatholakala endaweni enesihlabathi noma enodaka. Le nhlanzi idla izilwane ezingenamgogodla, ezizithola ngosizo lwezimpondo zayo ezinde. Ebusika, ama-sultan aya ekujuleni, futhi ngokufudumala, abuyela endaweni engaselugwini. Kwesinye isikhathi izinhlanzi zingatholakala endaweni yomfula emifuleni. Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, izinhlanzi zikhula ngokushesha ngosayizi, ezingaba ngu-10 cm. E-Russia, i-mullet ebomvu ingabanjwa hhayi kuphela esifundeni se-Black Sea, kodwa futhi ogwini lwaseBaltic, kune-subspecies - i-mullet ebomvu enemigqa.
Izindlela zokudoba
I-Sultanka ingenye yezinto ezithandwayo zokudoba izakhamuzi zasemadolobheni asogwini lwesifunda soLwandle Olumnyama. Qiniseka ukuthi ubonisa ukuthi kunemikhawulo ekubanjweni kwale nhlanzi. Usayizi wokubamba akufanele ube ngaphansi kuka-8.5 cm. Ukuze ubambe i-mullet ebomvu, igiya elingezansi nelentanta liyasetshenziswa. Njengokudoba olwandle okuningi, ukukhwabanisa kungaba lula.
Ukudoba ngenduku yokuntanta
Izici zokusebenzisa igiya lokuntanta ukuze ubambe imboza ebomvu incike ezimeni zokudoba kanye nolwazi lomdobi. Ukudoba ogwini, izinduku zivame ukusetshenziselwa imishini "eyizithulu" engu-5-6 m ubude. Ukulingisa ibanga elide, kusetshenziswa izinduku zokufanisa. Ukukhethwa kwemishini kuhluke kakhulu futhi kunqunyelwe izimo zokudoba, hhayi ngohlobo lwezinhlanzi. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, ama-snaps angenziwa kalula. Njengakunoma yikuphi ukudoba okuntantayo, into ebaluleke kakhulu i-bait ne-bait efanele. Abanye abadobi bakholelwa ukuthi asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa ama-bait kanye ne-bait ukuze ubambe i-sultanka. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Kunoma yikuphi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-bait yezilwane kuletha imiphumela emihle kuphela.
Ukudoba ngegiya elingezansi
I-mullet ebomvu iphendula kahle ezintini zokudoba ezingezansi. Kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa amagiya endabuko, njenge "elastic band" noma "snack". Ukudoba ngezinduku ezingezansi, okuhlanganisa okokuphakelayo nesikhethi, kulula kakhulu kwabaningi, ngisho nabadobi abangenalwazi. Bavumela umdobi ukuba ahambe echibini, futhi ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi adle amabala, ngokushesha "aqoqe" izinhlanzi endaweni ethile. Isiphakeli nesikhethi, njengezinhlobo ezihlukene zemishini, okwamanje zihluka kuphela ngobude benduku. Isisekelo siwukuba khona kwesitsha se-bait-sinker (i-feeder) kanye namathiphu aguquguqukayo entongeni. Iziqongo ziyashintsha kuye ngezimo zokudoba kanye nesisindo se-feeder esetshenzisiwe. I-nozzle yokudoba ingaba yimuphi umbhobho, esimweni se-sultanka, yemvelaphi yezilwane. Le ndlela yokudoba itholakala kuwo wonke umuntu. I-Tackle ayifuni izisekeli ezengeziwe kanye nezinto zokusebenza ezikhethekile. Kuyafaneleka ukunaka ukukhethwa kwama-feeders ngesimo nosayizi, kanye nezingxube ze-bait. Lokhu kungenxa yezimo zokudoba olwandle kanye nezintandokazi zokudla zezinhlanzi zendawo.
Amahubo
Ukuze ubambe ama-sultan, ama-nozzles ezilwane asetshenziswa. Lapha kufanele nakanjani ukhumbule ukuthi umlomo wezinhlanzi mncane. Ngakho-ke, lapho usebenzisa ama-baits amakhulu, angase alahlekelwe isithakazelo noma avele "wagxume". Izikelemu zasolwandle, inyama ye-mollusk, izimfanzi, izingcezu zezinhlanzi, nezilwane ezingenamgogodla zisetshenziselwa imibhobho. Ukuze uthole i-bait, izithako ezifanayo zisetshenziswa, zichotshozwa ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ukuheha izinhlanzi ngephunga lenyama yezilwane.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
ISultanka isatshalaliswa ogwini olusempumalanga ye-Atlantic kanye nezilwandle eziseduze. Izinhlanzi ezihlala oLwandle iMedithera kanye noBlack Sea ziyaziwa kakhulu. OLwandle lwe-uXNUMXbuXNUMXbAzov, i-mullet ebomvu ayitholakali njalo. Ikakhulukazi kakhulu engxenyeni esempumalanga yoLwandle Olumnyama. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, kunezinhlobo ze-goatfish ezihlala eNyakatho ye-Atlantic kuya oLwandle iBaltic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kune-goatfish enamabhande amaningi ehlala e-Indian and west Pacific Oceans.
Ukuzalela
Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kuma-sultan kwenzeka eminyakeni engu-2-3 ubudala. Isikhathi sokuzala sinwetshwa cishe sonke isikhathi sasehlobo, kusukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti. Ukuzala kwengxenye, insikazi ngayinye izala izikhathi eziningana. Ukuzala kuphakeme impela, kuze kufike kumaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezingama-88. Ukuzala kwenzeka ekujuleni okungamamitha ayi-10-50 eduze nendawo enesihlabathi noma enodaka, kodwa amaqanda aba yi-pelargic futhi ngemva kokuvundiswa akhuphukela emanzini aphakathi, lapho ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa aphenduka izibungu.