Okuqukethwe
Sekuyiminyaka eminingi abadobi bezingela umndeni we-whitefish, njengoba ubonakala ngezici ezinhle kakhulu zokunambitheka. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ungayibheka kuphi i-whitefish nokuthi ungayibamba kanjani.
Eqinisweni, kunzima kakhulu ukubamba ummeleli womndeni we-whitefish, ngoba awahlali kuwo wonke amanzi futhi akhetha amanzi ahlanzekile nabandayo kuphela, angatholakala kuphela ezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lena inhlanzi ye-trophy, enganikezwa wonke umuntu ukuba abambe, futhi ngisho nangaphezulu ukubhekana nayo ngemva kokubanjwa.
Umndeni we-Whitefish: izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene
Umndeni we-whitefish uhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamashumi amane zezinhlanzi. I-sig edlulayo ibhekwa njengesabalele. Umndeni ngokwawo uhlukaniswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ngezinye izikhathi ezibhekwa njengobukhona bezinhlobo ezizimele. Lezi zihlanganisa isihlabathi, i-Neva, umfula, i-sea whitefish, kanye ne-Valaam. Laba bameleli bomndeni we-whitefish bangatholakala ezindaweni zaseNyakatho Melika, eYurophu nase-Asia. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezinkulu kunazo zonke zitholakala eNyakatho Melika futhi zingaba nesisindo esingaba ngu-10 kg.
ulwazi oluvamile
Umndeni we-whitefish ubonakala ngokuba khona komzimba omude, ocindezelwe eceleni, ikhanda elincane namehlo amakhulu, kanye nomlomo omncane. Emaceleni, umzimba wenhlanzi uhlukaniswa nombala wesiliva, futhi ngemuva ungacwebezela nge-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-grey-green. Njengomthetho, ubukhulu bomuntu ngamunye bufinyelela amanani amakhulu kakhulu, anesisindo esingaphezu kuka-10 kg. Cishe izici ezinjalo zine-lake whitefish. Inyama yenhlanzi inokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu futhi iyingxenye yendabuko yokudla kwasenyakatho. Inyama yale nhlanzi isiza abantu basenyakatho ukuba baphile ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kangaka zemvelo.
habitat
Lesi silwane esizingelayo sizizwa kahle kuphela emanzini ahlanzekile nabandayo. Abantu abancane bancamela ukuba sesogwini, eduze kwamashaneli nasezindaweni lapho kukhona amathonsi amawa ekujuleni eduze. Izibonelo ezinkulu zikhetha izindawo eziseduze ne-fairway yomfula, eduze nemifantu, lapho kunezimbobo ezijulile, kanye nezindawo lapho umngcele phakathi kwemisinga esheshayo nehamba kancane idlula khona. I-Whitefish ihambisana kahle ne-greyling ne-perch. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuvamile kulezo zindawo lapho izindawo zokuhlala zalezi zinhlanzi zingahlangani khona. Uma kungenjalo, i-whitefish izobhekana kalula nalabo abafuna ukuthatha indawo yayo.
Ukuphila
Indlela yokuphila yalezi zakhamuzi zasolwandle olujulile incike ngobukhulu bazo. Abantu abancane bakhetha ukuhlala eduze nogu. Abantu abakhulu bakhetha izindawo ezijulile, ezinobukhona bokugeleza kwamanzi asheshayo. Ekuseni kakhulu noma kusihlwa, i-whitefish ingabuye itholakale emanzini angajulile.
Kuyathakazelisa! USigi ulindele inyamazane yakhe, esemgodini.
Izinhlanzi zidla zonke izinyanga ezingu-12, kuhlanganise nezinyanga zasebusika. Umthombo oyinhloko wokudla kwe-whitefish yi-benthic microorganisms. Izinhlanzi ezimhlophe azihluzi ama-plankton njengoba kwenza ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi.
Mayelana nalokhu, ukudla kwe-whitefish kuhlanganisa izibonelo ezincane zezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi. Abanye ososayensi baphikisa ngokuthi i-whitefish ayinandaba nokunambitha i-caviar yezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, kuhlanganise nabalingani bazo.
Ngemva kweminyaka engu-3 yokuphila, inkathi yokuthomba iqala. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinhlanzi zizalela amaqanda azo endaweni evulekile yomfula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-whitefish izala kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya kuDisemba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane abawavali amaqanda abo. Lapho nje amakhaza eqala ukungena, inhlanzi emhlophe iyahamba iyobheka izindawo zamanzi afudumele. Izindawo ezinjalo zingase zibe izimbobo ezijulile ezaziwa izinhlanzi nalapho bezike zaba khona ngaphambili. Ngemuva kwenqubo yokuzala, amaqanda ahlala kulesi simo kuze kube yintwasahlobo, lapho iqhwa lokugcina liqala ukuncibilika bese liphenduka amanzi omfula abandayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuthosa kokuqala kwale nhlanzi emangalisayo kuvela. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukushisa okwanele kanye nenani elidingekayo lokudla kunikezwa.
Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zomndeni we-whitefish
Umndeni we-whitefish usatshalaliswa emazwenikazi amaningi. Isimo esikhethekile - amachibi kufanele ahlukaniswe ngokuhlanzeka okukhethekile nokupholile. Lo mndeni uhlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwezinhlobo ngazinye, ezibonakala ngendawo yokuhlala elinganiselwe, kanye nokuba khona kwezibonelo ze-polymorphic. Mayelana nalokhu, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zamafomu okumele zikhulunywe.
Muksun
Lena inhlanzi ehlukaniswa ngenyama ethambile, enombala obomvana. Yinhlanzi yasemanzini ahlanzekile futhi ibonakala njenge-semi-anadromous. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi sokuzala, umhlaseli wenza ukufuduka okukhulu. Le nhlanzi itholakala emanzini aseSiberia futhi iyisakhamuzi saphakade sasolwandle i-Arctic Ocean.
UNelma
Lona ngummeleli ofanayo wamanzi akhishwe usawoti oLwandle i-Arctic. Uma uhamba udoba emlonyeni nasezintabeni zemifula esenyakatho, ungathembela ngokuphepha ekubanjweni kwalesi silwane esizingelayo.
Umuntu
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kukhona kokubili i-Baikal ne-Arctic omul. Izinhlobo zokuqala ze-omul zincamela amanzi asuka olwandle i-Arctic, kanti i-subspecies yesibili ikhetha amanzi emifula efana nePechora, Yenisei, Lena, Kolyma, Indigirka kanye neKhatanga.
imvubelo
Lona uhlobo lomfula wechibi, onegama lesibili - ushizi. Iyinhlanzi ebaluleke kakhulu futhi iyathakazelisa esikalini sezimboni.
I-vendace yaseYurophu
Lo mmeleli omncane womndeni we-whitefish uvame kakhulu endaweni yaseBaltic Sea.
I-vendace yaseSiberia
Le nhlanzi ibizwa nangokuthi i-ripus noma i-keel. Lena inhlanzi encane ethanda amachibi amanzi ahlanzekile.
Ngena ngemvume
Lena i-subspecies ye-whitefish, ekwazi ukuhlukana ibe izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zabameleli be-whitefish. Zingahlukaniswa kwezinye izinhlobo ngokuma kwekhanda kanye nendawo engezansi yomlomo. Ayinayo ikhala eliboshwe njenge-whitefish, kodwa inkulu kakhulu.
I-Whitefish Ussuri
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umuntu kufanele anake i-Ussuri whitefish, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Amur whitefish. Lezi zinhlobo ezincane zitholakala maphakathi naphansi kwe-Amur, e-Amur Estuary, e-Tatar Strait naseningizimu yoLwandle lwase-Okhotsk.
Siyabonga
Lona ummeleli womfula kuphela womndeni we-whitefish. Ingatholakala kusukela eYenisei kuya eChukotka futhi kusukela e-Alaska kuya ogwini lwe-Atlantic eNyakatho Melika.
Isihlobo
Lokhu kutholakala emifuleni esenyakatho yeSiberia, egelezela e-Arctic Ocean. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ezincane zomndeni we-whitefish, ngaphandle kwemifula yaseSiberia, azitholakali ndawo.
Ulcer
Ingummeleli womndeni we-whitefish, okhetha izimo zemifula yamanzi ahlanzekile etholakala ngaphesheya kwe-Arctic Circle.
Indlela yokudoba i-Whitefish
Lapho nje iqhwa lincibilika, kufanele ngokushesha uyodoba izinhlanzi ezimhlophe. I-bait yokwenziwa eyinhloko ye-whitefish ibhekwa njenge-mormyshka, eyenziwe yesimanje ngokukhethekile ukubamba i-whitefish. Ngokufika kwenyanga kaMeyi, lapho i-grayling ikhula, ungakwazi futhi ukuzingela izinhlanzi ezimhlophe, ngoba yena, akanandaba nokuzingela i-grayling caviar. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho igiya elicubungula into enjalo lingase libe yilona elifaneleka kakhulu. Ngamanye amazwi, ngalesi sikhathi, i-caviar noma i-bait elingisa i-fish caviar izosebenza njenge-bait efanelekile kakhulu.
Ngokufika kwehlobo kuze kufike isikhathi sokuphakama kwawo, ama-mosquito-twitchers, ayingxenye yokudla kwe-whitefish, ayasebenza endaweni yokugcina amanzi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-bait okwenziwa afana nalesi sinambuzane azosebenza kakhulu. Kusukela maphakathi nehlobo kuze kufike kuSepthemba, i-whitefish ayibonisi umsebenzi omningi futhi kunzima ukumthakazelisa kunoma yini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ekuphakameni kwehlobo i-whitefish ayinazo izici zokudla.
Ukudoba izinhlanzi ezimhlophe ehlobo eLake Storuman
Lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibandayo, lapho izinqolobane zokudla kwemvelo emanzini ziphelile, i-whitefish iqala ukukhombisa umsebenzi othile. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungathembela ekubanjweni kwe-whitefish endaweni esogwini, kodwa izibonelo ngeke zibe zinkulu. Uma eya e-fairway yomfula, khona-ke ungathembela ekuthunjweni kwesifanekiso sendondo.
Sig pecks ngaphandle kokungabaza, ngokucijile futhi ngamandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izigaba ezi-2 zokuhlasela ziyahlukahluka: isigaba sokuqala sibonakala ngokuntanta okuhamba nge-diagonally phezulu, futhi isigaba sesibili ukuphenduka okubukhali futhi umhlaseli uya ekujuleni. Kwesinye isikhathi, uma ibambe isiyelo, ingahlala endaweni efanayo isikhathi esithile, kepha lezi zimo azivamile futhi azifakiwe emithethweni yokulunywa kwe-whitefish.
Uma inhlanzi igwinye i-bait, khona-ke udinga ukulungiselela ukuphikisana okunamandla. Lena inhlanzi enobuqili futhi ehlakaniphile ekwazi ukumelana nayo, kokubili lapho idoba ogwini nalapho idoba esikebheni. Ngokungakwazi nokungabi nalwazi, ukulunywa okuningi kuphelela ekubuthweni kwezinhlanzi.
Ukudoba izinhlanzi ezimhlophe ngenduku yokuntanta
Naphezu kokuthi inhlanzi emhlophe iyisilwane esizingelayo, ijwayele ukuyibamba ngenduku yokuntanta. Kungasebenza kahle kakhulu entwasahlobo, lapho umhlaseli engakwazi ukucofa noma yikuphi ulobo, kuhlanganise nesibungu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinhlanzi zilambile kakhulu ngesikhathi sasebusika. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uyibambe, ungathatha induku evamile ye-telescopic, kuze kube ngamamitha angu-5 ubude, ifakwe umugqa we-monofilament oklanyelwe ukubamba abantu abakhulu. Ama-angle amaningi akhetha umugqa ophothiwe, ofinyelela ku-0,2 mm ubukhulu, kanye nokuntanta okuncane.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile umbala we-underside ye-float ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphaphama kwezinhlanzi. Ihhuku ikhethwa kuye ngobukhulu babantu abacoshayo engxenyeni ethile yomfula.
Fly ukudoba whitefish
Le ndlela yokudoba ifaneleka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, kokubili ehlobo nasebusika. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zihlanganisa induku, efinyelela kumamitha angu-0,6 ubude, ifakwe i-spool ehambayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ne-sinker efana ne-pear, enesisindo esingamagremu angu-15, ehlanganiswe nesihloko se-leash. Ebangeni elingama-30 cm ukusuka kulo, ama-nymphs ama-2 anamathiselwe. Ama-nymphs angathengwa, noma ungazibopha usebenzisa intambo ebomvu.
Ukuze ubambe i-whitefish, udinga kuqala ukuthola indawo yayo kukholamu yamanzi. Kuzoba nzima ukwenza lokhu ngaphandle komsindo we-echo, kepha uma unenhlanhla yokubamba okungenani umuntu oyedwa, kufanele umake ukujula futhi ukubambe kulokhu kujula. Njengomthetho, i-tackle ishona phansi kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, lapho kufunwa i-whitefish, i-tackle iphakanyiswa kancane kancane ukusuka phansi. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-whitefish ingaba kunoma yikuphi ukujula.
Ukubamba inhlanzi emhlophe ngenduku yokuphotha
Okuthakazelisa kakhulu kuzoba ukubamba i-whitefish entweni yokuphotha usebenzisa ama-jig baits kanye namasu okudoba ama-jig. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele usebenzise induku enamandla, i-reel enamandla kanye nomugqa othembekile wokudoba oboshiwe. Ngokuqondene nama-bait, ama-zander silicones noma ama-deep-sea wobblers afanelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi i-whitefish inomlomo omncane, ngakho-ke akufanele ukhethe ama-baits amakhulu futhi anamandla. Kungcono ukuthatha hhayi enkulu futhi emincane, enesimo ebalekile.
Njengomthetho, umhlaseli uhlasela izingibe ezinemibala ekhanyayo kakhulu, kanye nezintambo ezinemibala egqamile. Nakuba, njengokudoba ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, kuzodingeka uzame ukunquma ngombala.
Ukudoba ngezansi kwe-whitefish
Le ndlela yokudoba isetshenziswa kuphela ekwindla sekwephuzile. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-whitefish ivame ukufika eduze nosebe. I-tackle engezansi izoba nenduku eqinile efakwe umugqa we-monofilament kanye ne-reel ene-gear ratio eyengeziwe. Akufanele sikhohlwe ngosinki.
I-Maggot ingaba isiheho esikhulu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko ukubamba izinhlanzi ezimhlophe kusukela phansi kwe-reservoir. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-bait yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-reservoir. I-sig izoba nesithakazelo ku-lure ehamba kancane futhi yenza ama-stop amancane. Kunezinketho eziningi zokudoba phansi. Ngokuvamile zisebenzisa izinti zokwenziwa zombala obomvu. Njengoba i-whitefish ikhetha ukujula phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kuhle ukubamba izindawo ezijulile, njengezimbobo.
Isu namaqhinga okudoba izinhlanzi ezimhlophe zasebusika
Njengomthetho, ukudoba ebusika kuhluke kakhulu ekudobeni kwehlobo. Ngokudoba izinhlanzi ezimhlophe zasebusika, kufanele ukhethe izinduku zokunqekuzisa ikhanda ezingamelana nale nhlanzi enamandla. Izinto zokwakha izinduku zingaba izinkuni. Ubude bayo buyi-0,3-0,4 amamitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akudingekile ukufaka i-nod, njengekhoyili. Intambo yokudoba igcinwa phezu kwenduku efanayo, emise okwe-reel. Intambo yokudoba i-monofilament, njengoba ikwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa. Ububanzi bayo kufanele okungenani bube ngu-0,17 mm.
Indlela ecwebezelayo nayo ifanelekile ukubamba lesi silwane esizingelayo. Uma kukhona i-bait yekhwalithi ephezulu ekubambeni, khona-ke ukubanjwa kwesampula ye-trophy kuqinisekisiwe. Izintambo zesipina azihlukile kunezintambo eziyisisekelo: ukushintshanisa ama-jerk amafushane anokumiswa okufushane.
Akukho okubamba kancane kungaba ababhalansi bekhwalithi ephezulu. Ama-anglers amaningi asebenzisa izintambo zokuzenzela njenge-jig noma izimpukane zomgunyathi.
Izimpukane zingaxhunywa eduze kwesiheha, okwandisa kakhulu amathuba omdobi.
Hlobo luni lwe-bait, i-bait kanye ne-bait esetshenziswayo
Abalingisi abahlukahlukene bezilwane ezingenamgogodla, izinhlanzi ezithosiwe kanye namaqanda ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zifanelekile njengezinhlanzi zokwenziwa.
Uma usebenzisa imishini ephansi, kunconywa ukuba ukhethe izibungu, inyama ye-mollusk kanye nenani lama-invertebrates afakwe ekudleni kwe-whitefish.
Isabela kahle ezimpukane ezilingisa izinambuzane ezihlukahlukene ezinezici ezikhanyayo, kanye nama-jigs aphakathi nendawo amakhulu.
I-Whitefish ibhekwa njengenhlanzi emnandi, ngakho-ke ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabadobi.