Usawoti, owaziwa nangokuthi i-sodium chloride, unikeza ukunambitheka ekudleni futhi usetshenziswa futhi njengesinqanda mathe, isibopho, nokuqinisa. Umzimba womuntu udinga inani elincane kakhulu le-sodium (lokhu kuyisici esiyinhloko esisithola kasawoti) ukwenza imizwa yezinzwa, sivumelane futhi siphumule imisipha, futhi sigcine isilinganiso esifanele samanzi namaminerali. Kodwa i-sodium eningi ekudleni ingaholela ekunyukeni kwegazi, isifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi, umdlavuza wesisu, izinkinga zezinso, i-osteoporosis, nokuningi.
Ungakanani usawoti ongenabungozi empilweni.
Ngeshwa, angilutholanga ulwazi mayelana "nomthamo" omncane kasawoti odingekayo kumuntu. Ngokuqondene nenani elilungile, izifundo ezahlukahlukene zinikela ngemininingwane ehlukile. Isibonelo, iwebhusayithi yeWorld Health Organisation (WHO) ithi ukunciphisa uketshezi lwansuku zonke olufakwa ku-5 gram noma ngaphansi kunciphisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo ngo-23% kanye nesilinganiso jikelele sesifo senhliziyo ngo-17%.
Njengoba iningi labantu abadala base-US lisengozini yezifo ezihlobene nosawoti, ongoti bokudla eHarvard School of Public Health, i-American Heart Association, kanye neCentre for Science in the Public Interest bacele uhulumeni wase-US ukuthi ehlise umkhawulo ophezulu ukudla kwansuku zonke okunconywayo kukasawoti kuma-gramu ayi-1,5. , ikakhulukazi emaqenjini anobungozi, afaka:
• abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50;
• abantu abanengcindezi ephezulu yegazi noma ephansi;
• iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela
Omunye engangijwayelene naye, ngenkathi sixoxa ngesihloko sikasawoti, kwabonakala sengathi ukunciphisa usawoti wansuku zonke ube ngama-gramu ama-5 kulula kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kwe-WHO, ukudla usawoti nsuku zonke emazweni aseYurophu kuphakeme kakhulu kunezinga elinconyiwe futhi cishe kungama-8-11 amagremu.
Iqiniso ngukuthi kuyadingeka ukuthi ungabheki kuphela usawoti esengeza ngawo usawoti ekudleni okuvela kosawoti, kepha nosawoti osuvele uqukethe ukudla okulungiselelwe ngokwemboni, isinkwa, amasoseji, ukudla okusemathinini, amasoso, njll. Isibonelo, u-80% wokusetshenziswa kasawoti e-European Union uvela ekudleni okucutshunguliwe njengoshizi, isinkwa, ukudla okulungiselelwe. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi basebenzisa usawoti omningi kakhulu kunalokho abacabanga, futhi lokhu kuthinta kabi impilo yabo.
Usawoti uthengiswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene:
- Usawoti ongachazwanga (isib. Ulwandle, iCeltic, iHimalaya). Lona usawoti wemvelo ovunwa ngesandla futhi ongacubunguli ezimbonini. Usawoti onjalo unokunambitheka okungokwemvelo (okuhlukile ngohlobo ngalunye nesifunda sokukhiqiza) kanye nokwakheka kwamaminerali ngakunye (kungaqukatha inani elincane lama-calcium noma ama-magnesium halides, ama-sulfates, iminonjana ye-algae, amabhaktheriya amelana nosawoti, kanye nezinhlayiya zesilonda) . Kunambitheka nosawoti omncane.
- Ukudla okucwengisisiwe noma usawoti wetafula, osekwenziwe ukucutshungulwa kwezimboni futhi icishe ibe yi-100% ye-sodium chloride. Usawoti onjalo ufakwe i-bleached, kunezelwa kuwo izinto ezikhethekile ukuze unganamatheli ndawonye, iodine, njll.
Usawoti wetafula awuphili, umisiwe kuhhavini, awunamaminerali futhi ucutshungulwa ngokweqile.
Ngincoma ukusebenzisa usawoti osezingeni olwandle, njengosawoti waseCeltic Sea, noma usawoti waseHimalaya, noma usawoti waseFrance okhethwe ngesandla eBrittany (osesithombeni). Ungayithenga, isibonelo, lapha. Lawa usawoti womiswa yilanga nomoya, uqukethe ama-enzyme nezinto ezingama-70 zokulandela umkhondo. Phakathi kwabo, isibonelo, i-magnesium, ehilelekile ekususweni kwezinto ezinobuthi emzimbeni.
Abaningi bethu sebekujwayele ukudla okunambitheka okunosawoti omningi ngoba sijwayele ukudla ukudla okukhiqizwa ezimbonini okunosawoti omningi. Uma sishintshela emikhiqizweni yemvelo, sizokwazi ukuzwa kangcono nokwazisa ama-nuances wokunambitha futhi ngeke sizisole nakancane ngokuyeka usawoti. Bengisebenzisa usawoti omncane kakhulu ekuphekeni kwami izinyanga ezimbalwa manje, futhi ngingakutshela ngobuqotho ukuthi ngiqale ukuzwa ukunambitheka okuhlukile ekudleni. Emzimbeni ongaqeqeshiwe, ukudla kwami kungase kubonakale kungenalutho, ngakho kancane kancane ngayeka usawoti, nginciphisa inani lawo nsuku zonke.
Kulabo abafuna ukwazi kabanzi ngemiphumela emibi yokudla usawoti ngokweqile, nayi eminye imininingwane.
Izifo Zezinso
Kubantu abaningi, i-sodium eyeqile ibangela izinkinga zezinso. Lapho i-sodium yakhela egazini, umzimba uqala ukugcina amanzi ukuze unciphise i-sodium. Lokhu kwandisa inani loketshezi oluzungeze amaseli nomthamo wegazi egazini. Ukwanda kwevolumu yegazi kwandisa ukucindezeleka enhliziyweni futhi kwandisa ingcindezi emithanjeni yegazi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Kunobunye ubufakazi bokuthi ukuphuza usawoti ngokweqile kungalimaza inhliziyo, i-aorta, nezinso ngaphandle kokukhuphula umfutho wegazi, nokuthi kuyingozi nohlaka lwamathambo.
Izifo zenhliziyo
Ucwaningo lwamuva ku-Archives of Internal Medicine lunikeze ubufakazi obengeziwe ngemiphumela emibi yezempilo kasawoti. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi abantu abadla ukudla okunosawoti omningi basengozini enkulu yokufa ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwesamba esikhulu se-sodium kwatholakala ukuthi kwandisa ingozi yokufa ngama-20%. Ngaphezu kokukhuphula umfutho wegazi, i-sodium eningi ingaholela kohlangothi, isifo senhliziyo, nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
Cancer
Ososayensi bathi ukwanda kokudla kukasawoti, okwe-sodium noma okunosawoti kubanga ukukhula komdlavuza wesisu. I-World Cancer Research Foundation ne-American Institute for Cancer Research baye baphetha ngokuthi usawoti nokudla okunosawoti nosawoti “kuyimbangela yomdlavuza wesisu.”
Imithombo:
World Health Organization
IHarvard School of Health Public