I-alveolitis yamazinyo iyinkinga evamile ngemva kokukhipha izinyo. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zesokhethi eyomile: isokhethi eyomile, isokhethi esomile, equkethe ubomvu, nesokhethi ye-osteic patchy, ethinta ithambo futhi ivela cishe ngesonto lesithathu ngemva kokukhipha. Izimbangela zabo zisalokhu zingaqondwa kahle, kodwa zihlotshaniswa nokungaphuluki kahle, ngakho-ke nenkinga ehlobene nehlule legazi okufanele kwakheka uma izinyo selikhishiwe. Ukwelashwa kukhona; Isokhethi eyomile, okuyiyona ejwayeleke kakhulu, imvamisa iqhubekela phambili ngokuzenzakalelayo iye ekululameni ngemva kwezinsuku eziyishumi. Ama-analgesics azohlose ukukhulula ubuhlungu, obungase buqine kakhulu. ama-antibiotics azosetshenziswa kwezinye izimo.

Incazelo yesokhethi elomile

I-alveolitis yamazinyo iyinkinga eyenzeka ngemva kokukhishwa kwezinyo. Lesi sifo sithinta isokhethi, okuyindawo yomhlathi lapho kubekwe khona izinyo.

Lezi alveolitis ezilandela ukukhishwa zibangelwa ukuvuvukala kodonga lwe-alveolus. Isokhethi eyomile ivame kakhulu ngemva kokukhishwa kwamazinyo okuhlakanipha, futhi ikakhulukazi lawo e-mandible, okusho ukuthi umhlathi ongezansi.

Izimbangela zesokhethi elomile

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-alveolitis: isokhethi esomile, isokhethi esolisayo, kanye ne-patchy osteitic alveolitis (exhunywe ukutheleleka kwezicubu zethambo). I-etiology yabo isalokhu iyisihloko sokungabaza, njengoba kunezifundo ezimbalwa ezikhona. 

I-alveolitis, nokho, ichazwa ukwakheka okungalungile kwehlule legazi okuthi, lapho izinyo selisusiwe, kufanele livumele ukuphulukiswa.

Isokhethi eyomile, noma isokhethi eyomile, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-alveolitis, ngakho-ke izinkinga zangemva kokukhipha. I-pathogenesis yayo ayikacaciswa ngokugcwele, imibono emithathu izama ukuchaza izimbangela:

• Kungase kuhlobane nokungabikho kokwakheka kwehlule legazi, ngenxa yokungatholakali kwegazi okwanele eduze kwe-alveolus, futhi ikakhulukazi ezingeni le-mandible, ithambo elakha umhlathi ongezansi. 
• Kungase futhi kube ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwehlule legazi kulandela ukuhlukumezeka okulandela ukukhishwa kwezinyo.
• Ekugcineni kungase kubangelwe ukubola kwehlule legazi. Lena ithiyori eyabiwe kakhulu. Le lysis, noma i-fibrinolysis, ibangelwa ama-enzyme (amaprotheni akwazi ukubangela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali), atholakala emgodini we-oral mucosa, ikakhulukazi. Ingase futhi isebenze ngomshini wethambo owenziwe yi-extraction, kanye nama-microorganisms emlonyeni womlomo, njenge I-Treponema denticola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa ezifana nezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala kanye nezivimbela-nzalo zomlomo, noma ngisho nogwayi, zisebenzisa le fibrinolysis. 

I-Suppurative alveolus kubangelwa i-superinfection yesokhethi, noma ihlule elakhiwe ngemva kokukhipha. Ithandwa ngu:

• ukuntuleka kwe-asepsis (izinyathelo zokuphepha nezinqubo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka);
• ukuba khona kwemizimba yangaphandle njengemfucumfucu yamathambo, yamazinyo, noma i-tartar;
• izifo ezivele zikhona ngaphambi kokukhishwa, noma ezivele ngemva kokukhishwa;
• ukutheleleka okuvela emazinyweni aseduze;
• inhlanzeko yomlomo engeyinhle.

Ekugcineni, i-patchy osteic alveolite (noma i-cellulitis yosuku lwama-21) kubangelwa ukugqwala okukhulu kwezicubu ze-granulation (isicubu esisha esakheka ngemva kokulimala, futhi siniselwa kakhulu imithambo yegazi emincane). Ukuba yingxenye yakhe? Kwenzeka cishe ngesonto lesithathu ngemva kokukhipha izinyo. Ingaqeqeshwa ngu:

• ukuba khona kwezinto zangaphandle, njengemfucumfucu yokudla.
• ukusetshenziswa okungafanele kwezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Ukuxilongwa kwesokhethi elomile

Ngudokotela wamazinyo ongakwazi ukuxilonga i-alveolitis yamazinyo, ikakhulukazi ngokuqinisekisa ukungabikho kwehlule legazi esisekelweni sezinyo elisusiwe.

• Isokhethi eyomile yenzeka emahoreni ambalwa, noma kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezinhlanu ngemva kokukhishwa kwezinyo. Izimpawu zakuqala zingase zivune ukuxilongwa kwayo, njengokukhathala neziqephu ezibuhlungu.
• I-Suppurative alveolitis yenzeka ngokwesilinganiso ezinsukwini ezinhlanu ngemva kokukhishwa, futhi ukuxilongwa kwayo kungenziwa ikakhulukazi uma imfiva engu-38 kuya ku-38,5 ° C ihambisana nobuhlungu, obuncane kakhulu kunesimo sesokhethi esomile.
• Ukuxilongwa kwe-patchy osteic alveolitis kuzokwenziwa uma kwenzeka kuba nomkhuhlane, futhi kusuka ku-38 kuya ku-38,5 ° C, futhi kuhambisane nobuhlungu obuphikelele amasonto amabili.

Abantu abathintekayo

Isokhethi eyomile iyinkinga evame kakhulu yokukhipha amazinyo: ithinta i-1 kuya ku-3% yeziguli ezikhishwe kalula, kanye ne-5 kuya ku-35% yeziguli ezilandela ukukhishwa kokuhlinzwa.

Isihloko esivamile esisengozini enkulu yokuthola uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwesokhethi eyomile, isokhethi elomile, sichazwe njengowesifazane, oneminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengama-50, ongaphansi kwengcindezi, ukuthatha isivimbeli-nzalo esiphuzwayo, futhi inhlanzeko yakhe yomlomo iphakathi kokumpofu. Ubungozi buba bukhulu kuyena uma izinyo elizokhishwa kuyi-molar yomhlathi ongezansi - noma izinyo lobuhlakani.

Izimo ezingezinhle ze-aseptic ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ziyingozi enkulu yesokhethi eyomile, kanye nokungahlanzeki komlomo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane bathambekele kakhulu kukho, ikakhulukazi lapho bethatha imithi yokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko zesokhethi elomile

Isokhethi eyomile yenzeka ngemva kwamahora ambalwa, futhi kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezinhlanu ngemva kokukhipha izinyo. Uphawu lwayo oluyinhloko lubonakala ngobuhlungu obunamandla ahlukahlukene. Lezi ngezinye izikhathi ezincane, iziqephu ezibuhlungu ezingapheli, eziphuma endlebeni noma ebusweni. Kodwa ngokuvamile, lezi zinhlungu zinamandla futhi ziyaqhubeka. Futhi ziphenduka zingazweli kangako ezingeni 1 noma ezingeni lesi-2 le-analgesics.

Phakathi kwezinye izimpawu zayo:

• imfiva encane (noma i-febrile), phakathi kuka-37,2 no-37,8 ° C;
• ukukhathala okuncane;
• ukuqwasha okuhlobene nobuhlungu obukhulu;
• umoya omubi (noma i-halitosis);
• izindonga zamangqamuzana ampunga-amhlophe, azwela kakhulu ukuthintwa;
• ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi oluzungeze isokhethi;
• iphunga elibi eliphuma kusokhethi lapho uswayipha.

Ngokuvamile, ukuhlolwa kwe-x-ray ngeke kuveze lutho.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-alveolitis suppurativa

I-Suppurative alveolitis ngokuvamile ivela ezinsukwini ezinhlanu ngemva kokukhishwa kwezinyo. Izinhlungu azinamandla kakhulu kunesokhethi esomile; abayizithulu, futhi bavela ngokufutheka.

Ezinye izimpawu zakhe:

• imfiva ephakathi kuka-38 no-38,5 ° C;
• ukwanda kwe-pathological kwama-lymph nodes (okuthiwa i-satellite lymphadenopathy);
• ukuvuvukala kwe-vestibule (ingxenye ye-labyrinth yamathambo yendlebe yangaphakathi), kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuhlotshaniswa noma kuhlotshaniswa ne-fistula kulwelwesi lwamafinyila ezungeze isokhethi;
• isokhethi igcwele ihlule legazi, linombala onsundu noma omnyama. Isokhethi yopha, noma yeka ubomvu obungcolile buphume.
• izindonga zeseli zizwela kakhulu;
• ngaphansi kwesokhethi, imfucumfucu yethambo, yamazinyo noma ye-tartaric ivame ukutholakala.
• Ukuthuthukiswa akukwazi ukuxazulula ngokuzenzakalelayo, futhi kungabangela izinkinga, njenge-patchy osteic alveolitis.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-patchy osteic alveolitis

Ingxenye ye-osteic alveolitis iphumela ngaphezu kwakho konke ubuhlungu obungapheli phakathi nezinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu ngemva kokukhipha. Lobu buhlungu buhambisana nalokhu:

• ukushisa kusuka ku-38 kuya ku-38,5 ° C;
• ngezinye izikhathi ukungakwazi ukuvula umlomo wakho (noma i-trismus);
• i-asymmetry yobuso, ngenxa ye-cellulitis ezungeze umhlathi ophansi, okungukuthi, ukutheleleka kwamafutha obuso;
• ukugcwaliswa kwe-vestibule;
• ukuba khona noma cha kwe-fistula yesikhumba.
• I-x-ray, ngokuvamile, ibonisa ukuhlukaniswa kwethambo (ucezu lwethambo oluhlukanisiwe, futhi lulahlekelwe yi-vascularization kanye nokugcinwa kwalo ngaphakathi). Kwesinye isikhathi, futhi, le x-ray ngeke iveze lutho.

Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kungenziwa ekuqedeni i-sequestrant, lapho kungekho ukwelashwa. Kungase futhi kuholele ezinkingeni ezinkulu ezithathelwanayo.

Ukwelashwa kwesokhethi eyomile ikakhulukazi kuhlanganisa ukukhulula ubuhlungu, by ama-analgesics. Ukwelapha ngokomzimba, noma ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okuya ekwelapheni, ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngemva kwezinsuku eziyishumi. Isikhathi esingancishiswa uma isiguli selashwa.

Le sokhethi eyomile iyona evame kakhulu, futhi iyisimo esiphuthumayo kudokotela wamazinyo: izivumelwano zihloliwe, zivumela ukuthi zelashwe. Izivivinyo ezimbili, ngokwesibonelo, zenziwe yithimba elivela esikhungweni sokubonisana sase-Abidjan kanye ne-odonto-stomatological treatment futhi zihlanganisa:

• Faka okokugqoka ngaphakathi kwesokhethi, okusekelwe ku-bacitracin-neomycin ehlanganiswe ne-eugenol.
• Gcoba isigqoko se-ciprofloxacin (esimeni sayo sokudonsa indlebe) kusokhethi esibuhlungu.

Ukwelashwa kuhloswe ukuphulukisa isokhethi.

Eqinisweni, ukwelashwa kwesokhethi eyomile kungaphezu kwakho konke ukuvimbela (okuhlanganisa ukuqeda izimbangela ezingenzeka). Ziphinde zelaphe:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-suppurative kanye ne-osteitic alveolitis kusekelwe ekwelashweni kwe-systemic ama-antibiotic, ama-analgesics, nokunakekelwa kwendawo, njengokuwasha nge-saline noma i-antiseptic solution, kanye ne-intra-alveolar dressings.
• Nge-alveolitis ye-suppurative, uma ukunakekelwa kwendawo kwenziwa kusenesikhathi, futhi lapho kungabikho umkhuhlane, ukunikezwa kwemithi elwa namagciwane akudingekile.
• Ngesokhethi eyomile, ama-antibiotic amaningana, asetshenziswa yedwa noma ahlanganiswe nezinye izinto ezihlukahlukene, akhona, okunconywa kakhulu yi-tetracycline ne-clindamycin. Kodwa-ke, i-Afssaps ayikukhuthazi ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotics, kubantu abaningi, noma ezigulini ezingenayo i-immunocompromised, ekwelapheni isokhethi elomile; uyincoma kuphela ezimweni zengozi enkulu ye-endocarditis esithathelwanayo, kuze kube yilapho ukuphulukiswa kwe-mucosal.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafutha abalulekile e-clove ahlanjululwe emafutheni emifino, njengamafutha omnqumo noma uwoyela kakhukhunathi, futhi afakwe kusokhethi, ngokwezinye iziguli, ayengadambisa izinhlungu, noma elapha isokhethi elomile. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthambisa la mafutha e-clove. Ngakho-ke, la mafutha abalulekile, i-antibiotic yemvelo, ama-herbalists akholelwa. Kodwa-ke, akufanele inikezwe abesifazane abakhulelwe nezingane, noma ishintshe ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezinqunywe udokotela wamazinyo.

Ukuhlanzeka komlomo okuphelele okuphelele ngaphambi kwenqubo, kanye nezimo ezinhle ze-aseptic ngesikhathi sokukhipha kuphakathi kwezinto ezibalulekile zokuvimbela isokhethi elomile.

Ukuze ugweme isokhethi elomile, elibuhlungu kakhulu, iseluleko esinikezwa udokotela wamazinyo ngemva kokukhipha izinyo kufanele silandelwe ngokuqinile, njenge:

• gcina i-compress kusokhethi futhi uyishintshe njalo, amahora angu-2 kuya kwangu-3. Lokhu kuzokhuthaza ukwakheka kwehlule legazi;
• ungawuhlanzisi umlomo wakho kakhulu;
• ungakhafuli;
• qaphela lapho uxubha amazinyo, futhi ugweme ukuhlikihla eduze kakhulu nesokhethi lezinyo elikhishiwe;
• ungadlulisi ulimi lapho kukhishwe khona;
• hlafuna kude nendawo lapho izinyo likhishwe khona;
• ekugcineni, ukubhema kufanele kugwenywe okungenani izinsuku ezintathu.