Okuqukethwe
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zamapheya u-Elena
I-Pear "Elena" iwuhlobo oluxubile olutholwe e-Armenia ngo-1960. Iyakhula futhi ithele izithelo ezindaweni eziseningizimu naphakathi komhlaba omnyama eRussia. Izinhlobonhlobo zakuqala zasebusika zijabulela udumo olufanele ngenxa yesivuno salo, ukugcina ikhwalithi kanye nokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu kwesithelo.
Incazelo yezinzuzo zezinhlobonhlobo zamapheya "Elena"
Izihlahla zamapheya zalezi zinhlobonhlobo ziphansi, zinomqhele we-pyramidal. Izithelo ezinesisindo esingama-200 g, zimise okwepheya. Zinombala oluhlaza-ophuzi, zivuthiwe zine-blush kancane. Amapheya anambitheka kamnandi futhi amuncu, aphuzi, aziswa kakhulu ngochwepheshe. Ziyiphunga elimnandi, zisetshenziselwa ukulungisa ama-juice, ukupheka ama-compotes kanye nokulondolozwa, engeza amapheya kumasaladi.
I-Pear "Elena" - izinhlobonhlobo ezinokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu
Izihlahla ziqala ukuthela izithelo eminyakeni engu-5-7. Nakuba isivuno sesilimo silinganiselwa ku-40 kg ngesihlahla ngasinye, sithela njalo ngonyaka. Amapheya avuthiwe avunwa engxenyeni yesibili kaSepthemba. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokushesha, izinsuku ezingaphezu kweziyi-15, ngoba izithelo ezivuthiwe ziyawa ngokushesha. Kodwa ungagcina isivuno esivuniwe endaweni epholile isikhathi eside - kufika ezinyangeni ezi-4.
Ukuzinza kwesivuno salolu hlobo kuchazwa ukuzizala kwayo - ayidingi ezinye izinhlobo zokuvuthwa kwempova kanye nokubeka izithelo.
Ku-pluses yalezi zinhlobonhlobo, ungakwazi ukwengeza ukumelana nezifo ze-fungal. Isiko liyi-photophilous ne-thermophilic. Indawo yokutshala kufanele ibe nelanga, ingabi nama-drafts. Ipheya elithi "Elena" alikubekezeleli amanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Kulokhu, i-drainage iyadingeka.
Ungatshala kanjani i-Elena pear ehlukahlukene nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani?
Ipheya lingatshalwa ekwindla, ngaphambi kwesithwathwa sokuqala, noma entwasahlobo, lapho isithwathwa sesiphelile. Inhlabathi engcono kakhulu i-loamy, ivulekile, inikeza umoya wezimpande. Inhlabathi enesihlabathi noma enobumba olusindayo idinga ukwenziwa ngcono. Ubumba - i-peat, umquba, isihlabathi somfula. I-Sandy - nge-humus, i-peat, umquba.
I-Drainage ifakwe emgodini, i-50-70 cm ejulile futhi cishe i-1 m ububanzi, uma amanzi angaphansi komhlaba engaphezulu kwama-2 m. Khona-ke ingxube yenhlabathi ene-peat noma i-humus ingeziwe, i-superphosphate ingasetshenziswa. Isithombo siyathenwa futhi sitshalwe emgodini onengxube evundile. Ikholomu yempande ayingcwatshwa, ngaphandle kwalokho isithombo sizofa. Qinisekisa ukuthi umba isikhonkwane, lapho isihlahla siboshelwa khona ukuze sizinze. Lala nomhlaba. Sika phezulu. Amanzi amaningi.
Ukunakekelwa kwepheya kuhlanganisa:
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Baqala ngoMeyi ngonyaka wesibili - bafaka i-urea noma i-saltpeter. Ngemuva kokuvuna, izihlahla zidliswa ngomanyolo we-organic kanye ne-phosphorus-potassium ukondla izimpande futhi ulungiselele isivuno sokulala ebusika.
- Ukunisela. Ukunisela izihlahla kufanele kube njalo futhi kuningi, njengoba ipheya lithanda umswakama. Ukunisela ngokwanele kuyamsiza ukuba amelane kangcono nesimo sezulu esibandayo.
- Ukuthena. NgoMashi, bathena ngendlela ehlanzekile futhi bakha umqhele.
- Ukuvimbela izifo. Ngesikhathi sokuhluma nangesikhathi sokuhluma, kwenziwa izindlela ezi-2 zokuvimbela. Khona-ke ukwelashwa kuyaphindwa ngemva kwamaviki ama-2. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifo nezinambuzane zilwelwa kuphela ngenxa yokubukeka kwazo. Ukucubungula akwenziwa uma sekusele inyanga ngaphambi kokuvuna.
Ukuhambisana nemithetho yokunakekelwa kwepheya kuzoqinisekisa impilo nokuzala kwesihlahla.
I-Elena pear ehlukahlukene iyindlela enhle kakhulu engadini eseningizimu, enikeza isivuno sonyaka samapheya amnandi futhi anempilo.