Ukwenza ngokwezifiso amashadi ku-Excel: ukwengeza isihloko, izimbazo, inganekwane

Yini into yokuqala oyenzayo ngemva kokudala ishadi ku-Excel? Ngokwemvelo, yihlele ngendlela yokuthi ihambisane nesithombe esidwetshiwe emcabangweni wakho.

Ezinguqulweni zakamuva zamaspredishithi, ukwenza amashadi ngendlela oyifisayo kuyinqubo enhle futhi elula.

IMicrosoft ihambe ibanga elide ukwenza lula inqubo yokwenza ngokwezifiso. Ngokwesibonelo, ubeka izinkinobho ezidingekayo ezindaweni lapho kulula khona ukufinyelela kuzo. Futhi kamuva kulesi sifundo, uzofunda uchungechunge lwezindlela ezilula zokwengeza nokulungisa zonke izici zamashadi namagrafu ku-Excel.

Izindlela Ezintathu Ezilula Zokwenza Ngokwezifiso

Uma wazi ukuthi ungawakha kanjani amagrafu ku-Excel, uyazi ukuthi ungafinyelela izilungiselelo zayo ngezindlela ezintathu:

1. Khetha ishadi bese weqela esigabeni "Ukusebenza ngamashadi", engatholakala kuthebhu “Umakhi”.
2. Chofoza kwesokudla entweni edinga ukushintshwa bese ukhetha into oyifunayo kumenyu ye-pop-up.
3. Sebenzisa inkinobho yokwenza ngokwezifiso ishadi ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla seshadi ngemva kokuchofoza inkinobho engakwesokunxele.

Uma udinga ukulungisa izinketho eziningi ezikuvumela ukuthi uhlele ukubukeka kwegrafu, ungazibona endaweni ekhonjiswe yisihloko. “Ifomethi Yendawo Yeshadi”, engafinyelelwa ngokuchofoza into "Izinketho ezengeziwe" kumenyu ye-popup. Ungakwazi futhi ukubona le nketho eqenjini "Ukusebenza ngamashadi".

Ukuze ubonise ngokushesha iphaneli "Indawo Yeshadi Lefomethi", ungachofoza kabili into edingekayo.

Manje njengoba sesihlanganise ulwazi oluyisisekelo oludingekayo, ake sithole ukuthi singazishintsha kanjani izici ezihlukene ukuze senze ishadi libukeke ngendlela esifuna libukeke ngayo.

Usengeza kanjani isihloko

Njengoba abantu abaningi basebenzisa izinguqulo zakamuva zamaspredishithi, kungaba umqondo omuhle ukubheka indlela yokwengeza unhlokweni ku-Excel 2013 kanye no-2016. 

Ungasengeza kanjani isihloko eshadini ku-Excel 2013 no-2016

Kulezi zinguqulo zamaspredishithi, isihloko sesivele sifakwe ngokuzenzakalelayo eshadini. Ukuyihlela, vele uchofoze kuyo bese ubhala umbhalo odingekayo endaweni yokufaka.

Ungase futhi uthole isihloko kuseli ethile kudokhumenti. Futhi, uma iseli elixhunyiwe libuyekezwa, igama liyashintsha ngemva kwalo. Uzofunda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungawuthola kanjani lo mphumela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Uma isihloko singadalwanga uhlelo, kufanele uchofoze kunoma iyiphi indawo eshadini ukuze ubonise ithebhu "Ukusebenza ngamashadi". Okulandelayo, khetha ithebhu "Design" bese uchofoza “Engeza isici Seshadi”. Okulandelayo, udinga ukukhetha isihloko bese ukhombisa indawo yaso njengoba kukhonjisiwe kusithombe-skrini.

Ungakwazi futhi ukubona uphawu lokuhlanganisa ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla seshadi. Uma uchofoza kukho, uhlu lwezinto ezitholakala kumdwebo uyavela. Ukuze ubonise isihloko, kufanele uqoke ibhokisi eduze kwento ehambisanayo.

Noma, ungachofoza umcibisholo oseduze kwawo “Isihloko Seshadi” bese ukhetha enye yezinketho ezilandelayo:

1. Ngaphezulu komdwebo. Leli inani elizenzakalelayo. Le nto ibonisa isihloko phezulu eshadini futhi isenza usayizi omusha.
2. Isikhungo. Kulesi simo, ishadi alishintshi usayizi walo, kodwa isihloko sibekwe phezulu eshadini ngokwalo.

Ukuze ulungiselele amapharamitha amaningi, udinga ukuya kuthebhu “Umakhi” bese ulandela lezi zinketho:

1. Engeza isici seshadi.
2. Isihloko seshadi.
3. Izinketho ezengeziwe zeheda.

Ungakwazi futhi ukuchofoza isithonjana “Izici zeshadi”, bese - “Isihloko Seshadi” и "Izinketho ezengeziwe". Kunoma yikuphi, iwindi liyavuleka “Ifomethi Yesihloko Seshadi”kuchazwe ngenhla.

Ukwenza ngokwezifiso unhlokweni kuzinguqulo ze-Excel 2007 kanye no-2010

Ukwengeza isihloko ku-Excel 2010 nangezansi, landela lezi zinyathelo:

1. Chofoza noma yikuphi eshadini.
2. Iqembu lamathebhu lizovela phezulu. "Ukusebenza ngamashadi", lapho udinga ukukhetha into ethile “Isakhiwo”. Lapho kufanele uchofoze “Isihloko Seshadi”.
3. Okulandelayo, udinga ukukhetha indawo oyifunayo: engxenyeni engenhla yendawo yokuhlela noma ukumboza isihloko eshadini.

Ukuxhuma unhlokweni kuseli ethile kudokhumenti

Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zeshadi ku-Excel, ishadi elisanda kwakhiwa lifakwa kanye nesihloko esibhalwe ngaphambili abahleli bohlelo. Kufanele kushintshwe eyakho. Udinga ukuchofoza kuso bese ubhala umbhalo odingekayo. Kungenzeka futhi ukuyixhumanisa neseli ethile kudokhumenti (igama letafula ngokwalo, isibonelo). Kulokhu, isihloko seshadi sizobuyekezwa lapho uhlela iseli elihlotshaniswa nalo.

Ukuze uxhume unhlokweni kuseli, landela lezi zinyathelo:

1. Khetha isihloko. 
2. Emkhakheni wokufakwa kwefomula, kufanele ubhale =, uchofoze iseli eliqukethe umbhalo odingekayo, bese ucindezela inkinobho ethi “Faka”.

Kulesi sibonelo, sixhume isihloko seshadi elibonisa ukuthengiswa kwezithelo kuseli A1. Kungenzeka futhi ukukhetha amaseli amabili noma ngaphezulu, isibonelo, ipheya yezihloko zekholomu. Ungazenza zivele esihlokweni segrafu noma ishadi.

Indlela yokuhambisa isihloko

Uma udinga ukuhambisa isihloko kwenye ingxenye yegrafu, udinga ukusikhetha bese usihambisa ngegundane.

Isusa isihloko

Uma ungadingi ukwengeza isihloko eshadini, ungakwazi ukususa isihloko ngezindlela ezimbili:

1. Kuthebhu ethuthukisiwe “Umakhi” chofoza ngokulandelana izinto ezilandelayo: “Engeza Izinto Zeshadi” - “Isihloko Seshadi” - "Hhayi".
2. Chofoza kwesokudla esihlokweni bese ushayela imenyu yokuqukethwe lapho udinga ukuthola khona into "Susa".

Ukufometha Unhlokweni

Ukuze ulungise uhlobo lwefonti nombala wegama, udinga ukuthola into kumenyu yokuqukethwe "Ifonti". Iwindi elihambisanayo lizovela lapho ungasetha zonke izilungiselelo ezidingekayo.

Uma udinga ukufometha okucashile okwengeziwe, udinga ukuchofoza esihlokweni segrafu, uye kuthebhu "Ifomethi" futhi ushintshe izilungiselelo njengoba ubona kufanelekile. Nasi isithombe-skrini esibonisa izinyathelo zokushintsha umbala wefonti yesihloko ngeribhoni.

Ngendlela efanayo, kungenzeka ukuguqula ukwakheka kwezinye izakhi, njengenganekwane, izimbazo, izihloko.

Ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-eksisi yeshadi

Ngokuvamile izimbazo ezime mpo (Y) nezivundlile (X) zengezwa ngesikhathi esisodwa lapho udala igrafu noma ishadi ku-Excel.

Ungawabonisa noma uwafihle usebenzisa inkinobho ethi “+” ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla bese uchofoza umcibisholo oseduze kokuthi “Izimbazo”. Efasiteleni elivelayo, ungakhetha lezo okufanele ziboniswe kanye nalezo ezifihlwe kangcono.

Kwezinye izinhlobo zamagrafu namashadi, i-eksisi eyengeziwe ingaboniswa.

Uma udinga ukwakha ishadi le-XNUMXD, ungangeza i-eksisi ejulile.

Umsebenzisi angachaza ukuthi izimbazo ezihlukene zizoboniswa kanjani eshadini le-Excel. Izinyathelo ezinemininingwane zichazwe ngezansi.

Ukwengeza Izihloko ze-eksisi

Ukuze usize umfundi aqonde idatha, ungakwazi ukwengeza amalebula ezimbazo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yenza okulandelayo:

1. Chofoza kumdwebo, bese ukhetha into “Izici zeshadi” bese uhlola ibhokisi "Amagama e-eksisi". Uma ufuna ukucacisa isihloko se-eksisi ethile kuphela, udinga ukuchofoza umcibisholo bese usula ibhokisi lokuhlola elilodwa.
2. Chofoza inkambu yokufaka isihloko se-eksisi bese ufaka umbhalo.

Ukuze uchaze ukubukeka kwesihloko, chofoza kwesokudla bese uthola into ethi "Ifomethi Yesihloko Se-Axis". Okulandelayo, iphaneli izoboniswa lapho zonke izinketho zokufometha ezingase zilungiswe khona. Kuyenzeka uzame izinketho ezihlukene zokubonisa isihloko kuthebhu "Ifomethi", njengoba kuboniswe ngenhla uma kuziwa ekushintsheni ifomethi yesihloko.

Ukuhlobanisa isihloko se-eksisi neseli yedokhumenti ethile

Njengezihloko zeshadi, ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa isihloko se-eksisi kuseli ethile kudokhumenti ukuze ibuyekezwe ngokushesha lapho iseli elihambisanayo kuthebula lihlelwa.

Ukuhlanganisa isihloko, kufanele usikhethe, ubhale = endaweni efanele bese ukhetha iseli ofuna ukulibopha ku-eksisi. Ngemuva kwalezi zikhohlisi, udinga ukuchofoza inkinobho ethi "Enter".

Shintsha isikali sezimbazo

I-Excel ngokwayo ithola inani elikhulu nelincane kakhulu, kuye ngedatha efakwe umsebenzisi. Uma udinga ukusetha amanye amapharamitha, ungakwenza mathupha. Udinga ukwenza lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Khetha i-x-eksisi yeshadi bese uchofoza isithonjana “Izici zeshadi”.
2. Chofoza isithonjana somcibisholo kumugqa "I-eksisi" bese uchofoza ku-pop-up menu "Izinketho ezengeziwe".
3. Okulandelayo kuza isigaba "Izinketho ze-Axis"lapho kwenziwa noma yisiphi salezi zenzo:
   1. Ukusetha amanani okuqala nawokugcina e-eksisi ye-Y, kufanele uyicacise ezinkambu "Okungenani" kanye "Okuphezulu".
   2. Ukuze ushintshe isikali se-eksisi, ungaphinda ucacise amanani ensimini "Izigaba eziyisisekelo" и "Izigaba ezimaphakathi".
   3. Ukuze ulungiselele isibonisi ngokuhleleka okuphambene, udinga ukuthikha ibhokisi eduze kwenketho “Hlehlisa Ukuhleleka Kwamanani”.

Njengoba i-eksisi evundlile ivamise ukubonisa amalebula ombhalo, inezinketho ezimbalwa zokwenza ngokwezifiso. Kodwa ungakwazi ukuhlela inombolo yezigaba eziboniswa phakathi kwamalebula, ukulandelana kwawo nalapho izimbazo zihlangana khona.

Ukushintsha Ifomethi Yamanani e-eksisi

Uma udinga ukukhombisa amanani kuma-axes njengephesenti, isikhathi, nanoma iyiphi enye ifomethi, kufanele ukhethe into kumenyu ye-pop-up. "Fometha i-eksisi", futhi engxenyeni engakwesokudla yewindi, khetha enye yezinketho ezingenzeka lapho isho khona "Inombolo".

Incomo: ukulungisa ifomethi yolwazi lokuqala (okungukuthi, amanani akhonjiswe kumaseli), kufanele uhlole ibhokisi eduze kwento "Xhuma kuMthombo". Uma ungasitholi isigaba "Inombolo" kuphaneli "Fometha i-eksisi", udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ukhethe ngaphambilini i-eksisi ebonisa amanani. Ngokuvamile i-X eksisi.

Ukwengeza Amalebula Edatha

Ukuze wenze ishadi lifundeke kalula, ungakwazi ukwengeza amalebula kudatha oyinikezayo. Ungawengeza kumugqa owodwa noma kukho konke. I-Excel iphinde inikeze ikhono lokwengeza amalebula kumaphoyinti athile kuphela.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukulandela lezi zinyathelo:

1. Chofoza uchungechunge lwedatha oludinga amasignesha. Uma ufuna ukumaka iphuzu elilodwa kuphela ngombhalo, udinga ukulichofoza futhi.
2. Chofoza isithonjana “Izici zeshadi” bese uhlola ibhokisi eliseduze "Amasiginesha Wedatha".

Isibonelo, nakhu ukuthi elinye lamashadi libukeka kanjani ngemva kokuba amalebula engeziwe kolunye lochungechunge lwedatha kuthebula lethu.

Ngezinhlobo ezithile zamashadi (njengamashadi ophayi), ungacacisa indawo yelebula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, chofoza umcibisholo oseduze komugqa "Amasiginesha Wedatha" futhi ukhombise indawo efanelekile. Ukuze ubonise amalebula ezindaweni zokufaka ezintantayo, kufanele ukhethe into "I-Data Callout". Uma udinga izilungiselelo ezengeziwe, ungachofoza entweni ehambisanayo ngezansi kwemenyu yokuqukethwe.

Ungakushintsha kanjani okuqukethwe kwamasiginesha

Ukuze ushintshe idatha eboniswa kumasiginesha, kufanele uchofoze inkinobho “Izici zeshadi” - "Amasiginesha Wedatha" - "Izinketho ezengeziwe". Iphaneli izobe isivela. "Ifomethi Yelebula Yedatha". Lapho udinga ukuya kuthebhu "Izinketho Zesiginesha" bese ukhetha inketho oyifunayo esigabeni "Faka Kusiginisha".

Uma ufuna ukwengeza owakho umbhalo endaweni ethile yedatha, kufanele uchofoze kabili ilebula ehambisanayo ukuze kukhethwe yona kuphela. Okulandelayo, khetha ilebula enombhalo okhona bese ufaka umbhalo ofuna ukuwushintsha.

Uma unquma ukuthi amalebula amaningi kakhulu aboniswa eshadini, ungasusa noma yimaphi ngokuchofoza kwesokudla kulebula elihambisanayo bese uchofoza inkinobho. "Susa" kumenyu yokuqukethwe evelayo.

Eminye imihlahlandlela yokuchaza amalebula edatha:

1. Ukuze ushintshe indawo yesiginesha, udinga ukuchofoza kuyo bese uyihambisa endaweni oyifunayo ngegundane.
2. Ukuze uhlele umbala wangemuva nefonti yesiginesha, zikhethe, hamba kuthebhu "Ifomethi" bese usetha amapharamitha adingekayo.

Ukusethwa kwelejendi

Ngemva kokudala ishadi ku-Excel, inganekwane izovela ngokuzenzakalelayo phansi eshadini uma inguqulo ye-Excel ingu-2013 noma 2016. Uma inguqulo yangaphambili yohlelo ifakiwe, izoboniswa ngakwesokudla kwendawo yesakhiwo.

Ukuze ufihle inganekwane, kufanele uchofoze inkinobho enophawu lokuhlanganisa ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla seshadi futhi ususe ukumaka ibhokisi elihambisanayo.

Ukuze uwususe, udinga ukuchofoza kumdwebo, uye kuthebhu “Umakhi” bese ucindezela “Engeza isici Seshadi” bese ukhetha indawo edingekayo. Ungakwazi futhi ukususa inganekwane ngale menyu ngokuchofoza inkinobho "Hhayi". 

Ungakwazi futhi ukushintsha indawo ngokuchofoza kabili kuyo nasezintweni ongakhetha kuzo (ngakwesokudla kwesikrini) ngokukhetha indawo oyifunayo.

Ukushintsha ukufometha kwenganekwane, kunenombolo enkulu yezilungiselelo kuthebhu "Umthunzi kanye nemingcele", "Imiphumela" iphaneli elingakwesokudla.

Ungabonisa noma ufihle kanjani igridi yedokhumenti ye-Excel

Igridi iyaboniswa noma ifihliwe kusetshenziswa imenyu ye-pop-up efanayo esetshenziselwa ukubonisa isihloko, inganekwane, nezinye izici zeshadi.

Uhlelo luzokhetha ngokuzenzakalelayo uhlobo lwegridi olufaneleka kakhulu lweshadi elithile. Uma udinga ukuyishintsha, kufanele uchofoze umcibisholo oseduze kwento ehambisanayo bese uchofoza "Izinketho ezengeziwe".

Ukufihla nokuhlela uchungechunge lwedatha ku-Excel

Ukuze ufihle noma uhlele uchungechunge lwedatha ngayinye ku-Excel, kufanele uchofoze inkinobho kwesokudla segrafu “Izihlungi Zeshadi” futhi ususe amabhokisi okuhlola angadingekile. 

Ukuze uhlele idatha, chofoza okuthi "Shintsha Umugqa" ohlangothini lwesokudla lwesihloko. Ukuze ubone le nkinobho, udinga ukuhambisa phezulu kwegama lomugqa.

Shintsha uhlobo lweshadi nesitayela

Ukuze ushintshe uhlobo lweshadi, udinga ukuchofoza kulo, uye kuthebhu "Faka" futhi esigabeni “Imidwebo” khetha uhlobo olufanele.

Ungakwazi futhi ukuvula imenyu yokuqukethwe bese uchofoza “Shintsha Uhlobo Lweshadi”.

Ukuze ushintshe ngokushesha isitayela seshadi, kufanele uchofoze inkinobho ehambisanayo (ngebhulashi) kwesokudla seshadi. Ungakhetha efanelekile ohlwini oluvelayo.

Ungaphinda ukhethe isitayela esifanele esigabeni “Izitayela Zeshadi” kuthebhu “Umakhi”.

Shintsha imibala yeshadi

Ukuze uhlele isikimu sombala, chofoza inkinobho “Izitayela Zeshadi” nakuthebhu "Umbala" khetha isihloko esifanele.

Ungasebenzisa futhi ithebhu "Ifomethi"lapho ungachofoza khona inkinobho "gcwalisa isimo".

Indlela yokuqonda izindawo ze-eksisi

Ukufeza lo mgomo, kuyadingeka kuthebhu “Umakhi” cindezela inkinobho "Ikholomu yomugqa".

Ishadi lisakazwa ukusuka kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla

Ukuze uphendukise ishadi ukusuka kwesobunxele kuye kwesokudla, udinga ukuchofoza kwesokudla ku-eksisi evundlile bese uchofoza. "Fometha i-eksisi".

Ungakwazi futhi kuthebhu “Umakhi” thola into "Izinketho Ezengeziwe ze-eksisi".

Kuphaneli engakwesokudla, khetha into "Hlehlisa ukuhleleka kwezigaba".

Kukhona futhi inani lamanye amathuba, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukucabangela konke. Kodwa uma ufunda ukusebenzisa lezi zici, kuyoba lula kakhulu ukufunda ezintsha ngokwakho. Ngikufisela inhlanhla!