Ireferensi eyindilinga ku-Excel. Indlela yokuthola nokususa - izindlela ezi-2

Ezimweni eziningi, izinkomba eziyindilinga zibonwa abasebenzisi njengezinkulumo eziyiphutha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uhlelo ngokwalo lugcwele ngokweqile kusukela ebukhoneni babo, luxwayisa ngalokhu ngesexwayiso esikhethekile. Ukuze ususe umthwalo ongadingekile ezinqubweni zesofthiwe futhi uqede izimo zokungqubuzana phakathi kwamaseli, kuyadingeka ukuthola izindawo zezinkinga futhi uzisuse.

Iyini inkomba eyindilinga

Ireferensi eyindilinga iyinkulumo ethi, ngokusebenzisa amafomula atholakala kwamanye amaseli, ibhekisele ekuqaleni kwenkulumo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kulolu chungechunge kungaba nenani elikhulu lezixhumanisi, lapho kwakhiwa khona umbuthano ononya. Ngokuvamile, lesi sisho esiyiphutha esilayisha kakhulu isistimu, sivimbele uhlelo ukuthi lusebenze ngendlela efanele. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, abasebenzisi bangeza ngamabomu amareferensi ayindilinga ukuze benze imisebenzi ethile yokubala.

Uma isithenjwa esiyindilinga siyiphutha elenziwe umsebenzisi ngengozi lapho egcwalisa ithebula, ethula imisebenzi ethile, amafomula, udinga ukuyithola futhi uyisuse. Kulokhu, kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezisebenzayo. Kuyafaneleka ukucabangela ngokuningiliziwe i-2 elula kakhulu futhi efakazelwe ekusebenzeni.

Kubalulekile! Ukucabanga ukuthi kukhona yini izinkomba eziyindilinga etafuleni noma cha akudingekile. Uma izimo ezinjalo zokungqubuzana zikhona, izinguqulo zesimanje ze-Excel zazisa ngokushesha umsebenzisi ngalokhu ngefasitela lesixwayiso ngolwazi olufanele.

Ukusesha okubonakalayo

Indlela elula yokusesha, efanelekile uma ubheka amatafula amancane. Inqubo:

1. Uma kuvela iwindi lesixwayiso, livale ngokucindezela inkinobho ethi KULUNGILE.
2. Uhlelo luzoqoka ngokuzenzakalelayo lawo maseli okuvele kuwo isimo sokungqubuzana. Azogqanyiswa ngomcibisholo wokulandela umkhondo okhethekile.

3. Ukuze ususe i-cyclicity, udinga ukuya kuseli elibonisiwe bese ulungisa ifomula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukususa izixhumanisi zeseli lokungqubuzana kufomula evamile.
4. Kusele ukuhambisa ikhesa yegundane kunoma iyiphi iseli yamahhala etafuleni, chofoza i-LMB. Isithenjwa esiyindilinga sizosuswa.

Ukusebenzisa amathuluzi ohlelo

Ezimeni lapho imicibisholo yokulandela umkhondo ingakhombi ezindaweni eziyinkinga kuthebula, kufanele usebenzise amathuluzi e-Excel akhelwe ngaphakathi ukuze uthole futhi ususe izinkomba eziyindilinga. Inqubo:

1. Okokuqala, udinga ukuvala iwindi lesixwayiso.
2. Iya kuthebhu “Amafomula” kubha yamathuluzi eyinhloko.
3. Iya esigabeni Sokuncika Kwefomula.
4. Thola inkinobho ethi "Hlola Amaphutha". Uma iwindi lohlelo likufomethi ecindezelweyo, le nkinobho izomakwa ngendawo yesibabazo. Eduze kwayo kufanele kube nonxantathu omncane okhomba phansi. Chofoza kuyo ukuze ulethe uhlu lwemiyalo.

5. Khetha "Izixhumanisi Eziyindilinga" ohlwini.
6. Ngemva kokuqeda zonke izinyathelo ezichazwe ngenhla, umsebenzisi uzobona uhlu oluphelele olunamaseli aqukethe amareferensi ayindilinga. Ukuze uqonde kahle ukuthi leli seli likuphi, udinga ukulithola ohlwini, uchofoze kulo ngenkinobho yegundane engakwesokunxele. Uhlelo luzoqondisa kabusha umsebenzisi ngokuzenzakalela endaweni lapho kwenzeke khona ukungqubuzana.
7. Okulandelayo, udinga ukulungisa iphutha leseli ngalinye elinenkinga, njengoba kuchazwe endleleni yokuqala. Uma izixhumanisi ezingqubuzanayo zikhishwa kuwo wonke amafomula akuhlu lwamaphutha, kufanele kuhlolwe okokugcina. Ukuze wenze lokhu, eduze kwenkinobho ethi "Hlola amaphutha", udinga ukuvula uhlu lwemiyalo. Uma into ethi "Izixhumanisi Eziyindilinga" ingaboniswa njengesebenzayo, awekho amaphutha.

Ikhubaza ukukhiya nokudala izinkomba eziyindilinga

Manje njengoba usutholile ukuthi ungathola kanjani futhi ulungise kanjani izinkomba eziyindilinga kumaspredishithi e-Excel, sekuyisikhathi sokubheka izimo lapho lezi zinkulumo zingasetshenziswa ukuze kuzuze wena. Nokho, ngaphambi kwalokho, udinga ukufunda ukukhubaza ukuvinjwa okuzenzakalelayo kwezixhumanisi ezinjalo.

Ngokuvamile, izinkomba eziyindilinga zisetshenziswa ngamabomu ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwamamodeli ezomnotho, ukwenza izibalo eziphindaphindayo. Nokho, ngisho noma inkulumo enjalo isetshenziswa ngokuqaphela, uhlelo lusazoyivimba ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ukuze usebenzise isisho, kufanele ukhubaze ukukhiya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwenza izenzo eziningana:

1. Yiya kuthebhu ethi “Ifayela” kuphaneli eyinhloko.
2. Khetha "Izilungiselelo".
3. Iwindi lokusetha le-Excel kufanele livele ngaphambi komsebenzisi. Kumenyu engakwesokunxele, khetha ithebhu "Amafomula".
4. Yiya engxenyeni ethi Izinketho Zokubala. Thikha ibhokisi eliseduze nomsebenzi othi “Vumela izibalo eziphindaphindayo”. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ezinkambini zamahhala ngezansi nje ungasetha inombolo enkulu yezibalo ezinjalo, iphutha elivumelekile.

Kubalulekile! Kungcono ukungashintshi inani eliphezulu lezibalo eziphindaphindayo ngaphandle uma kunesidingo. Uma ziziningi kakhulu, uhlelo luzolayishwa ngokweqile, kungase kube nokwehluleka ngomsebenzi walo.

5. Ukuze izinguquko zisebenze, kufanele uchofoze inkinobho ethi "OK". Ngemva kwalokho, uhlelo ngeke lusavimba ngokuzenzakalelayo izibalo kumaseli axhunywe amareferensi ayindilinga.

Indlela elula yokwenza isixhumanisi esiyindilinga ukukhetha noma iyiphi iseli etafuleni, faka u-“=" ngena kuyo, ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho wengeze izixhumanisi zeseli efanayo. Ukuze wenze umsebenzi ube nzima, ukunweba inkomba eyindilinga kumaseli amaningana, udinga ukulandela le nqubo elandelayo:

1. Kuseli A1 engeza inombolo “2”.
2. Kuseli B1, faka inani “=C1”.
3. Kuseli C1 engeza ifomula ethi “=A1”.
4. Kusele ukuthi kubuyele engqamuzaneni yokuqala ngqa, ngalo kubhekiselwe kuseli B1. Ngemva kwalokho, uchungechunge lwamaseli angu-3 luzovalwa.

Isiphetho

Ukuthola izinkomba eziyindilinga kusipredishithi se-Excel kulula ngokwanele. Lo msebenzi wenziwa lula kakhulu isaziso esizenzakalelayo sohlelo ngokwalo mayelana nokuba khona kwezinkulumo ezingqubuzanayo. Ngemva kwalokho, kusele kuphela ukusebenzisa eyodwa yezindlela ezimbili ezichazwe ngenhla ukususa amaphutha.