Okuqukethwe
IsiShayina unabi tree: ukutshala ukunakekelwa
I-Unabi isithelo sesithelo, esokwelapha, se-melliferous nesihlobisa. Elinye igama lalo yi-ziziphus. Naphezu kokuba isitshalo esishisayo, singatshalwa eRussia.
Sinjani isihlahla se-unabi?
Isihlahla sinobukhulu obuphakathi nendawo, kuze kufike ku-5-7 m ukuphakama. Umqhele ubanzi futhi uyasabalala, amahlamvu aminyene. Ezinye izinhlobo zinameva emagatsheni abo. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, okuthatha kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-60, kuvela izimbali eziluhlaza okotshani; maphakathi no-Septhemba, izithelo sezivele ziyakha. Zindilinga noma zimise okwamapheya, zifinyelela ku-1,5 cm ubude. Zinesisindo esifinyelela ku-20 g. Umbala wekhasi uyahluka kusuka kophuzi kuye kobomvu noma nsundu. I-pulp iqinile.
U-Unabi ubizwa nangokuthi usuku lwaseChina.
Ukunambitheka kwesithelo kuyahluka ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo. Zingaba mnandi noma zimuncu, ngokuqukethwe okuphakathi kweshukela okungu-25-30%. Ukunambitheka kungafana nosuku noma ipheya. Izithelo ziqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto eziwusizo - i-rutin, i-potassium, i-magnesium, i-iron, iodine, ama-pectins, amaprotheni, kanye nezinhlobo ze-amino acid ezifika ku-14.
Izinhlobo ze-Chinese unabi:
- izithelo ezinkulu - "Yuzhanin", "Khurmak";
- ngezithelo eziphakathi nendawo - "Burnim", "Chinese 60";
- okuthelwe okuncane - "iSochi 1".
Izinhlobo ezinesithelo esikhulu yizona ezinamanzi amaningi.
Ukutshala nokunakekela i-unabi
Isiko lingasakazwa yizinhlamvu nokusika. Indlela yokuqala ilungele izinhlobo ezinethelo elincane, bese kuthi eyokugcina ibe nezithelo ezinkulu.
I-Ziziphus i-thermophilic kakhulu; ngeke ikhule ezifundeni ezinobusika obubandayo. Akusizi ngalutho ukukutshala ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, ngeke kuthele izithelo.
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala nguMashi-Ephreli. Khetha indawo enelanga, engenakho okusalungiswa. Njengoba i-ziziphus inomqhele osakazekayo, idinga u-3-4 m wesikhala samahhala. Isihlahla sikhetha ngokukhiqiza inhlabathi, kepha asiyithandi inhlabathi enzima nosawoti.
Ukufika:
- Bamba umgodi ofinyelela ku-50 cm. Faka ibhakede lomquba noma i-humus.
- Beka isithombo maphakathi nomgodi ngokujula okungu-10 cm, ufafaze izimpande ngenhlabathi.
- Nisela bese wengeza inhlabathi kancane kancane.
- Ngemuva kokutshala, hlanganisa inhlabathi nxazonke.
Isihlahla siqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka we-2-3.
Lapho kusatshalaliswa yimbewu, izici zomama zokuhlukahluka ziyalahleka. Izihlahla zikhiqiza isivuno esibi.
Ukulinda ukuthela, susa ukhula embuthanweni wesiqu bese ukhulula inhlabathi. Akudingekile ukunisela i-ziziphus, noma kushisa okungu-30-40˚С kuzwakala kukuhle. Umswakama owedlulele ungafa.
Izithelo ze-Unabi zingadliwa zintsha noma zomisiwe. Zisebenzise ukulondolozwa, wenze izithelo ezi-candied, wenze ujamu noma i-marmalade. Ungenza futhi ama-compotes nezithelo ezi-puree kusuka ku-unabi.