Okuqukethwe
I-piranha evamile iyinhlanzi edla inyama evela emndenini omkhulu wama-characin-piranhas. Kunzima ngokwanele ukuthola umuntu ongazi ngobukhona bale nhlanzi. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, emithonjeni ehlukahlukene, sitshelwa mayelana negazi le-piranha. Idumela lalolu hlobo lwezilwane ngempela kangangokuba akucaci ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi kuyiqiniso kuphi nokuthi inganekwane ikuphi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi akuzona zonke izinhlanzi zalo mndeni okufanele zibhekwe njengengozi. Isibonelo, i-metinnis (Metynnis) noma i-fish genera Colossoma (Colossoma) ne-Mileus (Myleus), isisekelo sokudla okuyizinhlobo zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuqondene nezilwane ezidla ezinye, ziphinde zimelelwe izigaba eziningana, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu, i-piranha evamile ( Pygocentrus nattereri ). Lena inhlanzi encane, ubude bayo ngokuvamile buba ngu-15-20 cm. Kodwa ubukhulu obukhulu bungafinyelela ku-50 cm futhi bube nesisindo esingama-4 kg. Ngokuvamile, phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo zama-piranha, kukhona abantu abangaphezu kwe-1 m ubude. Umzimba wenhlanzi unesimo esiyindilinga, usicaba ngokuqinile ukusuka ezinhlangothini. Ku-piranha evamile, umbala womzimba ongenhla ungowomnqumo omnyama, futhi izinhlangothi zisiliva. Umzimba wonke umbozwe ngamazenga amancane. Lapho zisencane, izinhlanzi zinemibala egqamile, lapho sezikhulile, ziba mnyama. Ngokuvamile, lesi sici siyisici sazo zonke izinhlobo ezinkulu. Kukhona amaphiko amabili ngemuva, elinye elingemuva lincane futhi lishintshele emsileni. Zonke izinhlanzi zomndeni zinezindebe eziyinyama, ezivame ukulimala ngesikhathi sokuzingela kanye nezimpi ze-internecine. Imihlathi inenani elikhulu lamazinyo amise okwentshe. Umhlathi ongezansi uyiswa phambili, okwenza kube nonya nakakhulu ekubonakaleni. Ubude bamazinyo amakhulu omhlathi ongezansi bungafinyelela ku-2 cm. Amandla okucindezela imihlathi alingana nama-Newtons angu-320. Abantu basePiranha baningi futhi bahlala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zomfula. Bakha imihlambi emikhulu. Ziyizilwane ezidla ezinye ezisebenzayo, ezithembele ekushesheni kokuhlasela nokumangala. Eqenjini, bahlasela izisulu zanoma ibuphi usayizi. Lapho befuna izisulu, bathembele emuzweni obucayi kakhulu wokuhogela, umbono kanye nomugqa oseceleni. Emhlambini wezinye izinhlanzi, abagulayo nabalimele babonakala ngokushesha, ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abaye banqotshwa ukwethuka babonakala ngaso leso sikhathi, okubuye kube uphawu lokuhlasela. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ama-piranhas angakha i-symbiosis nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, ezihlanza ama-parasite, futhi awazingeli. AmaPiranha awazihlaseli izihlobo zawo ezilimele. Ukulimala komzimba wama-piranhas kuphola ngokushesha. Awaziwa amacala angempela okubulawa kwabantu. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-piranha zingochwepheshe bokudla esikalini sezinye izinhlanzi noma amaphiko ezinhlobo ezinkulu. Izinhlobo eziningi ezidla uhlaza ngokwemibandela zingakwazi, nokho, ukudla izingane zezinye izinhlanzi. Abanye benza ngokukhethekile izithelo zezitshalo ezihlala emanzini. Izilwane ezidla ezinye azisoze zaphuthelwa abameleli abahlukahlukene bezilwane ezingenamgogodla, ama-mollusk nokunye.
Izindlela zokudoba
Ngenxa yobuningi bezinhlobo zezilwane, ulaka kanye nokudlondlobala, ziyinto evamile futhi evamile yokudoba emifuleni yendawo eshisayo yemifula yaseNingizimu Melika. Ukubamba ama-piranha kuma-baits emvelo akudingi igiya elikhethekile, ulwazi namakhono. Abaningi baye babona izithombe zabantu bendawo bebamba ama-piranha ngaphandle kwezinduku noma izingwegwe, besika izidumbu zezilwane noma zezinhlanzi. Ukusuka ekuhahabeni, ama-piranha acwilisa amazinyo awo enyameni, futhi aqhubeke elenga kuyo, udinga nje ukuyicosha bese uyiphonsa ogwini. Inyama yenhlanzi imnandi impela futhi isetshenziselwa ukudla. Lapho udoba ngemibhobho ehlukahlukene usebenzisa igiya le-amateur, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa imichilo eqinile, mhlawumbe ucingo lwensimbi oluvamile. Ama-leashes ayadingeka, ngisho nalapho ubamba ama-piranhas adla uhlaza. Abadobi abaningi abafika emifuleni eshisayo yaseMelika bazama ukubamba izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlanzi. Futhi, njengomthetho, ama-piranhas atholakala yonke indawo abe "inkinga": ngenxa yokulunywa njalo, akwenza kube nzima ukugxila kummeleli okhethiwe we-ichthyofauna. Izindlela ezidume kakhulu zokudoba ama-piranhas zingabhekwa njengokudoba ngamagiya ahlukahlukene kusetshenziswa izinti zemvelo. Indlela yesibili edume kakhulu yokudoba amateur ukuphotha.
Ukubamba izinhlanzi phezu kwenduku yokuphotha
Njengoba sekushiwo, ukubamba ama-piranha ekuphotheni kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuwabamba njengokubanjwa okungalindelekile. Uma ufuna ukudoba ngamabomu ama-piranhas, iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu lemishini amandla ayo. Okokuqala, lawa ama-leashes nama-hook. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, i-leash enokwethenjelwa kakhulu ingaba ucezu lwensimbi yensimbi. Isizathu sicacile - inamba enkulu yamazinyo abukhali angama-conical angabhubhisa noma yimaphi amathambo. Uma kungenjalo, izindlela zokukhetha ama-bait kanye negiya ngokwalo cishe zihlobene nolwazi lomuntu siqu lwe-angler kanye nezinto azithandayo. Uma kucatshangelwa iqiniso lokuthi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-piranha ziyizinhlanzi ezincane, amagiya okuphotha amakilasi alula angasetshenziselwa ukudoba okukhethekile. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi emifuleni eshisayo ziyimbangela yokulunywa okungalindelekile, lapho esikhundleni se-piranha encane, i-catfish enesisindo esingamakhilogremu amaningana ingaluma.
Amahubo
Isithiyo esiyinhloko sokubamba ama-piranha adlayo yizilobo zemvelo zezilwane. Endabeni yokudoba ngezicucu zokwenziwa, ukukhetha kufanele kusekelwe kumgomo wamandla amakhulu. Noma, ukudoba kungashintsha kube “ukushintshaniswa okungapheli” kwezithiyo. Ukuze ubambe izinhlobo ezingezona izilwane ezidliwayo, izakhamuzi zendawo zivame ukusebenzisa izithelo zezitshalo, izinhlanzi ezingasebenza ngokukhethekile ekuphakeleni.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi umndeni we-piranha unabameleli okungenani abangama-40, futhi mhlawumbe kusenezinhlobo ezingachazwanga. Indawo yokusabalalisa ihlanganisa izindawo ezinkulu zemifula namachibi asezindaweni ezishisayo eNingizimu Melika: iVenezuela, iBrazil, iBolivia, i-Argentina, iColombia, i-Ecuador namanye amazwe. Emifuleni inamathela ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kodwa ayivamile ukuhlala emanzini. Imihlambi inyakaza eduze kwechibi.
Ukuzalela
Ukuziphatha kokuzala kwama-piranha kuhluke kakhulu. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zizalela ngezikhathi ezahlukene. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ama-piranhas abonakala ngemidlalo ende yangaphambi kokuzala, lapho amapheya akheka khona. Amaduna alungiselela indawo yokuzalela futhi agada ngonya ukwakhiwa kwamatshe. Ama-Piranha females akhiqiza kakhulu: abekela amaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa. Isikhathi se-incubation sincike ezimweni zokushisa zendawo ze-reservoir.