Ukuhlaziywa kwezifundo ezinhlanu zakamuva, kuhlanganise namacala angaphezu kuka-76000, kubonise ukuthi ukufa kwabantu ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo kwakuphansi ngo-31% phakathi kwabesilisa abadla imifino uma kuqhathaniswa nabangewona imifino, kanti i-20% iphansi phakathi kwabesifazane. Ocwaningweni olulodwa kuphela ngalesi sihloko, olwenziwa phakathi kwezilwane ezifuywayo, ubungozi bokuthola lesi sifo babuphansi ngisho naphakathi kwabesilisa abangama-vegan kunaphakathi kwabesilisa abadla imifino ngama-ovo-lacto-vegetarian.
Isilinganiso sokufa besiphansi futhi kubantu abadla imifino, kokubili amadoda nabesifazane, uma kuqhathaniswa nabadla imifino; labo abadla izinhlanzi kuphela, noma labo abadla inyama izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ngesonto.
Izinga elincishisiwe lesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi phakathi kwabadla imifino kungenxa yamazinga abo aphansi e-cholesterol egazini labo. Ukubuyekezwa kocwaningo oluyisi-9 kwathola ukuthi imifino ye-lacto-ovo nemifino yayine-14% kanye nama-35% ephansi amazinga e-cholesterol yegazi kunabantu abangadli imifino beminyaka efanayo, ngokulandelana. Ingase futhi ichaze inkomba yesisindo somzimba ephansi phakathi kwabadla imifino.
USolwazi Sacks nozakwabo bathola ukuthi lapho umuntu odla imifino esindayo kunomuntu ongadli imifino, ayembalwa ngokuphawulekayo ama-lipoprotein ku-plasma yakhe. Ezinye, kodwa hhayi zonke, ucwaningo lubonisa amazinga egazi ancishisiwe we-high molecular density lipoprotein (HDL) phakathi kwabadla imifino. Ukuncipha kwamazinga e-HDL kungabangelwa ukwehla okujwayelekile kwamafutha okudla nokudla otshwala. Lokhu kungasiza ukuchaza umehluko omncane kumazinga esifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi phakathi kwabesifazane abadla imifino nabangewona imifino, njengoba amazinga e-High-density lipoprotein (HDL) egazini angase abe yingozi enkulu yesifo kune-low-molecular-density lipoprotein (LDL) amazinga.
Izinga le-triglycerides elivamile licishe lilingane phakathi kwabadla imifino nabangewona imifino.
Izinto ezimbalwa eziqondene nokudla kwemifino zingathinta amazinga e-cholesterol egazini. Nakuba ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abantu abaningi abadla imifino abakulandeli ukudla okunamafutha aphansi, ukudla okunamafutha agcwele phakathi kwabadla imifino kuphansi kakhulu kunalabo abangadli imifino, kanti isilinganiso samafutha angagcwalisiwe namafutha asuthisiwe siphezulu kakhulu kuma-vegans.
Abadla imifino nabo bathola i-cholesterol encane kunalabo abangadli imifino, nakuba lesi sibalo sihluka phakathi kwamaqembu lapho izifundo zenziwe khona.
Abadla imifino badla i-fiber engu-50% noma ngaphezulu kunalabo abangadli imifino, futhi imifino ine-fiber eningi kune-ovo-lacto vegetarians. I-soluble biofibers inganciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo ngokunciphisa amazinga e-cholesterol egazini.
Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi amaprotheni ezilwane axhumene ngokuqondile namazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini.ngisho nalapho zonke ezinye izici zokudla okunomsoco zilawulwa ngokucophelela. Abadla imifino e-Lacto-ovo badla amaprotheni ezilwane amancane kunalabo abangadli imifino, futhi ama-vegans awadli nhlobo amaprotheni esilwane.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukudla okungenani amagremu angu-25 weprotheyini yesoya ngosuku, njengokuthatha indawo yamaprotheni ezilwane noma njengesengezo ekudleni okuvamile, kwehlisa izinga le-cholesterol yegazi kubantu abane-hypercholesterolemia, i-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi. Amaprotheni e-soy nawo angakhuphula amazinga e-HDL. Abadla imifino badla amaprotheni e-soy amaningi kunabantu abavamile.
Ezinye izici ekudleni kwe-vegan ezinciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo, ngaphandle komphumela emazingeni e-cholesterol yegazi. Abadla imifino badla amavithamini amaningi kakhulu - ama-antioxidants C no-E, anganciphisa i-oxidation ye-LDL cholesterol. Ama-Isoflavonoids, angama-phyto-estrogens atholakala ekudleni kwesoya, angase abe nezindawo zokulwa ne-oxidant futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kwe-endothelial kanye nokuguquguquka kwe-arterial jikelele.
Nakuba ulwazi mayelana nokuthatha ama-phytochemicals athile phakathi kwabantu abahlukahlukene lulinganiselwe, imifino ibonisa ukudla okuphezulu kwama-phytochemicals kunabantu abangewona imifino, njengoba iphesenti elikhulu lokudla kwabo amandla livela ekudleni kwezitshalo. Amanye alawa makhemikhali e-phytochemicals aphazamisa ukwakheka kwe-plaque ngokunciphisa ukudluliselwa kwesignali, ukwakheka kwamaseli amasha, nokubangela imiphumela ephikisana nokuvuvukala.
Abacwaningi baseTaiwan bathola ukuthi imifino yayinezimpendulo eziphezulu kakhulu ze-vasodilation, ezihlobene ngokuqondile nenani leminyaka umuntu ayichitha ekudleni kwemifino, ephakamisa umphumela omuhle oqondile wokudla kwemifino ekusebenzeni kwe-vascular endothelial.
Kodwa ukunciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo akubangelwa nje izici zokudla okunomsoco we-vegetarianism.
Ezinye kodwa akuzona zonke izifundo ezibonise amazinga egazi aphakeme e-homocysteine kubantu abadla imifino uma kuqhathaniswa nabangewona imifino. I-Homocysteine kucatshangwa ukuthi iyingozi ezimele yesifo senhliziyo. Incazelo ingase ibe ukungadli ngokwanele kwe-vitamin B12.
Imijovo ye-Vitamin B12 yehlise amazinga e-homocysteine egazi kubantu abadla imifino, abaningi babo ababenciphise ukuthathwa kwe-vitamin B12 kanye namazinga aphezulu e-homocysteine egazi. Ukwengeza, ukuncishiswa kokungenisa kwe-n-3 unsaturated fatty acids kanye nokwanda kokudla okugcwele ama-n-6 fatty acids kuya ku-n-3 fatty acids ekudleni kungase kwandise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo phakathi kwabanye abadla imifino.
Isixazululo singase sibe ukukhulisa ukungenisa kwe-n-3 unsaturated fatty acids, isibonelo, ukwandisa ukungenisa kwe-flaxseed namafutha e-flaxseed, kanye nokunciphisa ukutholakala kwe-saturated N-6 fatty acids ekudleni okufana namafutha we-sunflower.