I-Cardiomegaly, noma i-hypertrophy yenhliziyo, ibhekisa ekukhuleni kwe-pathological ngosayizi wenhliziyo. Kwesinye isikhathi i-cardiomegaly ayinazo izimpawu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho inhliziyo ingasakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo wokumpompa, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kuyakhula. I-Cardiomegaly ingakhula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ikakhulukazi ebusheni nasebusheni bokuqala. Ukuxilongwa kwayo kuncike kakhulu esifubeni x-ray kanye ne-cardiac ultrasound.

Incazelo ye-cardiomegaly

I-Cardiomegaly, noma i-hypertrophy yenhliziyo, ibhekisa ekukhuleni kwe-pathological ngosayizi wenhliziyo. Akufanele ididaniswe nenhliziyo yemisipha, ngakho-ke futhi inamandla kakhulu, yomsubathi ojwayelekile ngakolunye uhlangothi oyisibonakaliso sempilo enhle.

Izinhlobo ze-cardiomegaly

Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-cardiomegaly, sithola:

• I-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CHM), ifa kanye nemvelaphi yofuzo, ehlotshaniswa nokwandiswa okuphelele kwenhliziyo ngenxa yesifo sesakhiwo seseli yenhliziyo;
• I-left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), ebonakala ngokuqina kwemisipha ye-ventricular kwesokunxele;
• I-Peripartum cardiomyopathy, engavamile, eyenzeka ekupheleni kokukhulelwa noma ezinyangeni ezilandelayo zokubeletha.

Izimbangela ze-cardiomegaly

Izimbangela ze-cardiomegaly zihlukene:

• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwama-valve;
• Ukuntuleka kokunisela;
• Isifo senhliziyo noma amangqamuzana enhliziyo;
• Ukuba khona kwesithiyo ekukhishweni kwegazi okusuka enhliziyweni - umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukuncipha okuqinile kwe-aortic valve;
• I-pericardial effusions, ngenxa yokuqoqwa koketshezi emvilophini yenhliziyo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-cardiomegaly

Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ikakhulukazi kuma-x-reyi esifuba kanye ne-cardiac ultrasound (i-echocardiography), inqubo yokuthwebula yezokwelapha ekuvumela ukuthi ubheke sonke isakhiwo senhliziyo.

Ukuhlolwa okungeziwe kungenziwa:

• I-echocardiogram, esebenzisa amagagasi omsindo (i-ultrasound) ukwakha isithombe senhliziyo, ikuvumela ukuthi ubuke ukuma, ukuthungwa nokunyakaza kwama-valve, kanye nomthamo nokusebenza kwamagumbi enhliziyo;
• I-electrocardiogram (ECG / EKG) ivumela ukuqoshwa kwezimo zikagesi zenhliziyo ephilayo;
• Ukucabanga kwe-Magnetic resonance (MRI).

I-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy inomsuka wofuzo. Ngakho-ke udokotela angancoma:

• Ukuhlolwa kokuhlaziywa kwezakhi zofuzo ngesampula segazi;
• Ukuhlolwa komndeni.

Abantu abathintekayo yi-cardiomegaly

I-Cardiomegaly ingakhula kunoma yisiphi isikhathi, ikakhulukazi ebusheni nasebudaleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu oyedwa noma ababili ezinkulungwaneni zonke zabantu uzalwa ene-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (CHM).

Izici ezithandayo i-cardiomegaly

Izici ezithanda i-cardiomegaly zifaka:

• Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa noma sofuzo;
• Izifo zenhliziyo ezibangelwa amagciwane;
• Isifo sikashukela;
• Ukushoda kwegazi;
• I-Hemochromatosis, isifo sofuzo esibangelwa ukumunca insimbi ngokweqile okuholela ekubekweni kwalesi sakhi ezithweni ezahlukahlukene njengesibindi, inhliziyo nesikhumba;
• I-Arrhythmia;
• I-Amyloidosis, isifo esingajwayelekile esibonakala ngokuba khona kwamaprotheni angafinyeli ezicutshini;
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu;
• Izifo ze-thyroid;
• Ukukhulelwa ;
• Ukhuluphele ngokweqile;
• Ukungasebenzi ngokomzimba;
• Ukucindezeleka okukhulu;
• Ukuxhashazwa kotshwala noma izidakamizwa.

Azikho izimpawu

Kwesinye isikhathi i-cardiomegaly ayinazo izimpawu kuze kube inkinga iba yimbi. Izimpawu zikhula lapho inhliziyo ingasakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo wokumpompa.

Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo

I-Cardiomegaly ibangela ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okuvame ukubonakaliswa ukuvela kokuvuvukala kwezitho ezingezansi - i-edema - kanye nokuphefumula.

Ukufa okungazelelwe

I-Cardiomegaly yandisa ubungozi bokufa okungazelelwe kumdlali ngesikhathi somsebenzi omkhulu womzimba.

Ezinye izimpawu

• Ubuhlungu esifubeni;
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo: ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile;
• Usizi;
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi;
• Ukukhathala kokuqala ngenxa yomsebenzi womzimba;
• Futhi okuningi okuningi

Ukwelashwa kwe-cardiomegaly kungenxa yesizathu sayo futhi kuzoshintshwa ngudokotela ngokusho kokuxilongwa.

Ngokuya ngobukhulu bezinkinga, ukwelashwa kungaba yimithi, ukuvumela ukupompa okungcono kwenhliziyo noma ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi, noma ukuhlinzwa lapho izingozi ziphezulu. Ukufakwa kwe-cardioverting defibrillator (ICD) - ithuluzi elifakelwe ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile - ukufakelwa kungabhekwa ikakhulukazi.

Ezinye izindlela zokuphepha zizonciphisa izingozi ezihambisana ne-cardiomegaly:

• Ukuxilonga i-cardiomegaly uma kwenzeka ukuzijwayeza kwezemidlalo yokuzivocavoca okukhulu;
• Akubhenywa ;
• Zilolonge umzimba njalo;
• Yazi futhi ulawule umfutho wegazi lakho;
• Khetha ukudla okunempilo okuphansi kwamafutha, ikakhulukazi amafutha agcwele kanye nama-trans;
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo;
• Lawula isifo sikashukela sakho;
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala;
• Phatha ukucindezeleka.