Amabele anomusa kakhulu angaba ukukhubazeka kwangempela nsuku zonke. Ngaphandle kwevolumu ethile, sikhuluma ngokwandiswa kwesifuba futhi ukwehliswa kufana nokuhlinzwa okwakhiwa kabusha futhi akusekho okwezimonyo. Ukuhlinzwa kuhamba kanjani? Ingabe zikhona izingozi? Izimpendulo zikaDkt Massimo Gianfermi, udokotela ohlinzayo waseParis

Ukwehliswa kwamabele kungakhanyisa isifuba esisindayo kakhulu, esihlushwa ukungezwani ngendlala yemammary ehlotshaniswa noma cha ngamafutha amaningi.

"Sikhuluma ngokuncishiswa kwamabele lapho umthamo osuswe esigulini okungenani u-300 g ebeleni ngalinye, kanye no-400 g ebeleni ngalinye uma isiguli sikhuluphele" kuchaza udokotela ohlinzayo. Ngaphansi kwama-300g ebeleni ngalinye, ukuhlinzwa akusenzelwa izinjongo zokubuyisela esimeni kepha kwenziwa ngezinhloso zobuhle, futhi akuhlanganiswa nokuphepha komphakathi.

Umehluko ekukhulisweni kwebele

Ukukhuliswa kwamabele kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa namabele ancibilikayo, abizwa ngokuthi yi-breast ptosis. Ukwehliswa kuhambisane nokuphakanyiswa kwesifuba ukuphakamisa amabele nokulinganisa ukuma.

Abesifazane abathintekayo ekunciphiseni amabele yibo bonke labo abanamahloni nsuku zonke ngesisindo nomthamo wamabele abo.

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu

"Iziguli ezibonisana nokwehliswa kwamabele ngokuvamile zinezinhlobo ezintathu zezikhalazo" kuchaza uDkt Gianfermi:

• Ubuhlungu beqolo: bahlushwa ubuhlungu beqolo, noma ubuhlungu entanyeni noma emahlombe, okubangelwa isisindo samabele;
• Ukugqoka kanzima - ikakhulukazi ukuthola izingubo zangaphansi ezilingana nosayizi wazo, ezingacindezeli isifuba sabo - nokungaphatheki kahle emisebenzini ethile yansuku zonke;
• Isakhiwo sobuhle: nakwabesifazane abasebasha, isifuba esikhulu singaguga futhi sidale izakhiwo ezibalulekile. Futhi ngisho nalapho ehlala eqinile, akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwamukela ukubheja okukhulu kanye nesithakazelo esingasivusa.

Kwabesifazane abasebasha, kubalulekile ukulinda kuze kuphele ukukhula kwamabele - okusho ukuthi cishe iminyaka eyi-18 - ngaphambi kokwehlisa.

Ngemuva kokukhulelwa

Ngokunjalo nangemva kokukhulelwa, kunconywa ukuthi ulinde izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezi-6 ngemuva kokubeletha, noma ngemuva kokuncelisa ibele uma kwenzeka, ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu kungenelela, ukuze unikeze umama omncane isikhathi sokumthola. isisindo sefomu.

Ukwehliswa kwamabele kungukuhlinzwa okwenziwa njalo ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, futhi kaningi ngokwesisekelo sokugula. "Kwenzeka ukuthi sincoma ubusuku bokulaliswa esibhedlela uma ukwehliswa kubaluleke kakhulu, noma uma isiguli sihlala kude nendawo esizohlinzwa kuyo" kuchaza udokotela ohlinzayo.

Ukusebenza kuhlala phakathi kwamahora ama-2 nama-2 amahora ama-30, kuya ngenqubo esetshenzisiwe.

Izindlela ezintathu zokuhlinza zokwehlisa amabele

Kunezindlela ezintathu zokuhlinza zokwehlisa ibele, ezisetshenzisiwe kuye ngokuthi umthamo webele ususiwe:

• Uma incane, ngaphandle kwe-ptosis ehambisanayo: imbobo elula ezungeze i-areola yanele;
• Uma iphakathi nendawo, ine-ptosis emnene, kwenziwa ukusikeka okubili: okunye okuzungeze i-areola nokunye okuqondile, phakathi kwengono nengxenye engezansi yesifuba;
• Uma inkulu ihlotshaniswa ne-ptosis ebalulekile, kudingeka ukusikeka okuthathu: i-peri-alveolar eyodwa, iqonde eyodwa bese enye ingaphansi kwesifuba, ifihlwe emgodleni we-infra-mammary. Lesi sibazi kuthiwa sime ngo-T ophendukile.

Indlala yamabele esuswe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ithunyelwa ngokuhlelekile nge-anatomopathology, ukuthi ihlaziywe futhi ilinganiswe kahle.

Kunokuphikisana okuningana kokwenza ukuncishiswa kwamabele.

"Okokuqala kubalulekile ukwenza i-mammogram ngaphambili ukuze kunqandwe noma ikuphi ukungahleleki, futhi ikakhulukazi umdlavuza webele" kugcizelela uDkt Gianfermi. Nazi Izimo ezivame kakhulu:

Ugwayi

Ugwayi ungenye yezinto ezingahambisani nokwehliswa kwamabele: “Ababhemayo abasindayo bafaka engcupheni enkulu kakhulu yezinkinga nezinkinga zokwelashwa” kuchaza udokotela ohlinzayo, owenqaba ukuhlinza iziguli ezibhema iphakethe elilodwa ngosuku, futhi okudinga lokho, ngisho nakubantu ababhemayo abancane , ukuqeda ukulunyulwa okungenani amasonto ama-3 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa nasemasontweni amabili ngemuva.

ukukhuluphala

Ukukhuluphala futhi kwandisa ubungozi bezinkinga. Owesifazane one-Mass Mass Index engaphezu kuka-35, uzodinga kuqala ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphambi kokwehliswa ibele.

Umlando we-embolism ye-pulmonary

Umlando we-pulmonary embolism noma i-phlebitis nakho kuyaphikisana nalokhu kuhlinzwa.

Ukwelapha kuthatha cishe amasonto amabili, kanti isiguli kufanele sigqoke ibra yokucinana ubusuku nemini inyanga, bese kuba senyanga inyanga yesibili kuphela. Ubuhlungu be-postoperative bunciphise futhi buvame ukukhululeka ngama-analgesics ajwayelekile. IConvalescence izobonwa isonto elilodwa kuya kwamathathu kuye ngecala.

Isiguli singaqala kabusha umsebenzi wezemidlalo ngemuva kwamaviki ayisithupha.

Izibazi kufanele zivikelwe elangeni okungenani unyaka. "Uma nje izibazi zibomvana, kubalulekile ukuzivikela elangeni engcupheni yokuthi zijike zibe nsundu futhi zihlale zimnyama kunesikhumba" kugcizelela udokotela. Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukulinda izibazi zibe mhlophe ngaphambi kokucabanga ukuzibeka elangeni.

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, isifuba ekuqaleni sizobe siphezulu kakhulu futhi siyindilinga, ngeke sithathe ukuma kwaso kokugcina kuze kube cishe izinyanga ezintathu kamuva.

"Kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuthi, uma ukwakhiwa kwesifuba kungashintshwa ngokuncishiswa kwebele, lokhu akunakuthinta neze ukubhekwa komdlavuza webele" kuqinisekisa udokotela ohlinzayo.

Izingozi noma izinkinga zokusebenza akuvamile, kepha kufanele kushiwo ngudokotela ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwangaphambilini. Nazi izinkinga eziyinhloko:

• ukuphulukiswa okubambezelekile, lapho isibazi sivuleka kancane kusisekelo se-T ”kuchaza udokotela ohlinzayo;
• ukuvela kwe-hematoma enwebekayo kungenzeka ku-1 kuye ku-2% wamacala: ukuphuma kwegazi kwenzeka esifubeni, kubangele ukuvuvukala okukhulu. "Isiguli kufanele sibuyele egumbini lokuhlinzwa ukuze kumiswe ukopha" kusho uDkt Gianfermi;
• I-cytosteatonecrosis ingenye yezinkinga ezinkulu: ingxenye yendlala yemammary ingafa, ihlakazeke futhi yakhe i-cyst, okumele ikhishwe.

Njenganoma ikuphi ukusebenza, ukuphulukiswa kungathandeki: ngezibazi ze-hypertrophic noma ze-keloid, lezi ezokugcina bese ziphazamisa ukubukeka kobuhle komphumela.

Kwezinye izimo, amapayipi obisi ayashintshwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, okubeka engcupheni ukuncelisa esikhathini esizayo.

Ekugcineni, ukushintsha kokuzwela kwengono kungenzeka, yize kuvame ukubuyela kokujwayelekile ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kwezi-6.

Uma kwenzeka kukhuliswa ibele langempela, okungenani kususwe ama-300g ebeleni ngalinye, ukulaliswa esibhedlela nokutholakala kwalolu phiko kumbozwa ngunogada womphakathi. Lapho ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngudokotela ohlinzayo wangasese, imali yakhe kanye naleyo ye-anesthesiologist ayibuyiselwa, futhi ingaba phakathi kuka-2000 kuya ku-5000 euro.

Ama-mutual ahambisanayo angahlanganisa ingxenye, noma enye yazo, yazo zonke lezi zimali.

Lapho ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa endaweni yesibhedlela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubuyiselwa ngokuphelele ukuphepha kwezenhlalo ngoba udokotela ohlinzayo nodokotela obulala izinzwa bakhokhelwa yisibhedlela. Kodwa-ke, ukubambezeleka isikhathi eside kakhulu ngaphambi kokuthola i-aphoyintimenti endaweni yesibhedlela.