Umdlavuza wamathambo uwuhlobo lomdlavuza oluyivelakancane. Kungathinta izingane ezincane, intsha kanye nabantu abadala ngokufanayo. Ubuhlungu bethambo nokuphuka kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezimpawu zomtholampilo.

Umdlavuza wamathambo uwuhlobo lomdlavuza oluyivelakancane. Kungathinta izingane ezincane, intsha kanye nabantu abadala ngokufanayo. Ubuhlungu bethambo nokuphuka kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezimpawu zomtholampilo.

Umehluko wenziwa phakathi komdlavuza wamathambo obaluleke kakhulu kanye nalowo obaluleke kakhulu. Ifomu lokuqala lihlasela ngqo amathambo omzimba. Okwesibili yimbangela yokusabalala kwesimila, sisuka kwenye ingxenye yomzimba.

Ukwengeza kulokhu, izinhlobo eziningana zomdlavuza wamathambo kufanele zihlukaniswe:

• i-oséosarcome : umdlavuza wamathambo owande kakhulu, ohlasela kakhulu izingane kanye nabantu abadala (abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-20 ubudala)
• I-sarcoma ye-Ewing : ezithinta abantu abaneminyaka engu-10 kuya kwengama-20 ngaphezulu
• i-chondrosarcome, ngokuqondene naye, abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 ubudala.

Iziguli ezisencane (izingane kanye nentsha engakafiki eminyakeni eyishumi nambili) ezithinteke kulolu hlobo lomdlavuza zingaveza ukusabalala kwalesi sifo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuthomba. Ngalo mqondo, leli zinga lomdlavuza lingaphazamisa ukukhula kwawo wonke amathambo.

Lezi zinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza wamathambo zingathinta izingxenye eziningi zomzimba namaseli ahlukene. Ngalo mqondo, izimpawu zomtholampilo kanye nokwelashwa okutholwayo kuzoncika ohlotsheni lomdlavuza wamathambo.

Ezimweni eziningi zomdlavuza wamathambo, umsuka oqondile awaziwa.

Nokho, kunezici ezingase zibe umthombo wengozi eyengeziwe yokuba nomdlavuza onjalo. Phakathi kwalokhu, singaphawula:

• ukuchayeka emisebeni, njengengxenye yokwelashwa nge-radiotherapy isibonelo
• ukuba khona kwe-pathology yamathambo angaphansi. Ikakhulukazi i Isifo sikaPaget
• izici zofuzo, njenge-Li-Fraumeni syndrome, ebonisa ukungabi khona kwesakhi sofuzo esivumela umzimba ukulwa nokuthuthukiswa kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Noma ubani angahlaselwa umdlavuza onjalo.

Izinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza wamathambo zithinta kakhulu abantu abasha (i-osteosarcoma noma i-Ewing's sarcoma) kanye nabanye asebekhulile (chondrosarcoma).

Kodwa-ke, imingcele ethile ingabangela ukuthuthukiswa komdlavuza onjalo: i-radiotherapy, i-genetics, isifo samathambo, njll.

Umdlavuza wamathambo ungathinta amathambo ahlukene ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba.

Esimweni esivamile, kuthinta amathambo amade emilenze nezingalo. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izindawo zomzimba azikwazi ukukhishwa.

Izimpawu ezivame ukutholakala yilezi:

• ubuhlungu bethambo, obuba nzima kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi buqhubeke ebusuku
• ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala endaweni ethintekile. Lokhu kungabangela ubunzima ekunyakazeni komzimba, ikakhulukazi uma ukuvuvukala kutholakala eduze kwemigqa
• ukwakheka okubonakalayo kweqhuqhuva ethanjeni
• ubuthakathaka emandleni ohlaka lwamathambo (ukwanda kwengozi yokuphuka).

Ingane ekhononda ngezimpawu ezinjalo kufanele ibonwe udokotela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze igweme imiphumela engenzeka ekukhuleni kwayo nasekukhuleni kwayo.

Izinto ezithile eziyingozi zingadala, ngokwezinga elikhulu noma elincane, ukukhula komdlavuza onjalo. Phakathi kwalokhu: ukuchayeka emisebeni, izici zofuzo noma ngisho nama-pathologies athile angaphansi.

Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokuphuka kwethambo noma ubuhlungu obukhulu emathanjeni lapho ukuxilongwa kokuqala komtholampilo kuphumelela.

I-x-ray ibe isikwenza kube nokwenzeka ukugqamisa isici esingavamile somdlavuza wamathambo.

Okunye ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okwengeziwe kungase kunqunywe njengengxenye yokuqinisekisa noma ukuphika isifo, kodwa futhi nokunquma izinga lokusabalala komdlavuza.

Phakathi kwalokhu:

• la ithambo scan,
• isithwebuli,
• I-IRM
• i-positron emission tomography.

Izimpawu zebhayoloji zingakhombisa nomdlavuza wamathambo. Le mingcele ibe isikalwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi noma komchamo. I-Hypercalcemia, ukuba khona kwezimpawu zesimila noma ezinye izimpawu zokuvuvukala kungaba okubalulekile kumdlavuza onjalo.

Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nemvelaphi engenzeka yomdlavuza, ukusetshenziswa kwe-biopsy nakho kungenzeka.

Ukuphathwa nokwelashwa kwalowo mdlavuza kuncike ohlotsheni lomdlavuza nokuthi ususakazeke kangakanani.

Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa kubangela:

• ukuhlinzwa, ukususa ingxenye yendawo ethintekile. Kulo mongo, kuyenzeka futhi ukuthi kushintshwe le ngxenye kodwa ukunqunywa kwesitho nakho kungaba yisixazululo sokugcina.
• i-chemotherapy, ukwelashwa okuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza
• ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kusetshenziswa imisebe ukucekela phansi amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Kwezinye izimo ze-osteosarcoma, ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kwezidakamizwa (i-mifamurtide) kungase kunqunywe.