Ngicabanga ukuthi, kodwa-ke, akuyona into engadingekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukucatshangelwa kokuphelele kwamaqiniso aziwa njengamanje ahlobene nezakhi zamakhemikhali ezingapheli kungiholela ekukholweni ukuthi izinhlanganisela ezithile zamakhemikhali zakha kuphela icala elithile lamakhemikhali angenamkhawulo, ukuthi isifundo esiphelele lokhu kokugcina kuzokhonjiswa ekubukeni kwethiyori kuwo wonke umzimba wolwazi lwamakhemikhali.
I-DI. Mendeleev, Isingeniso encwadini yakhe yobudokotela.
Umcimbi odala ukusungulwa okungakahleleki Usuku lokuzalwa vodka, kwenzeka ngo-1865. Ngalolu suku eSt. Petersburg wavikela i-dissertation yakhe edumile yobudokotela ethi "On the combination of alcohol with water", ayesebenza kuyo ngo-1863-1864. I-dissertation igcinwa emnyuziyamu kasosayensi omkhulu - eSt. Petersburg State University.
Inhloso yomsebenzi kwakuwukufunda ngamandla adonsela phansi izixazululo zamanzi zotshwala, kuya ngokugxila kwalezi zixazululo kanye namazinga okushisa. Ngamanye amagama, izifundo zobukhulu obuthile bezingxube zenziwa emazingeni okushisa ahlukahlukene nasekugxileni, kusuka kotshwala obungenayo i-anhydr kuya kwisisombululo se-50 wt% bese kuba ngu-0%.
Ezahlukweni 4 no-5 zalomqondo, obizwa ngegama, ngokulandelana, "Ekucindezelweni okukhulu kakhulu okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlakazeka kokuhlangana kokuphuza utshwala namanzi" nethi "Ekuguqukeni kwamandla adonsela phansi lapho utshwala buhlanganiswa namanzi", kuthiwa mayelana imiphumela yocwaningo lwezixazululo zotshwala emanzini, kufaka phakathi ukugxila kwama-33,4% ngesisindo noma ngama-40% ngevolumu. Kusobala impela ukuthi akukho nelilodwa igama elishiwoyo ngemiphumela yomzimba noma yamakhemikhali ezinhlelo ezifundwayo ngomzimba ophilayo.
Januwari 31 kungathathwa njengosuku lomunye umnikelo wesayensi yomhlaba owenziwe ngusosayensi omkhulu waseRussia u-DI Mendeleev. Ngendlela, kuyaziwa ukuthi abalinganiselwe ocwaningweni lwesayensi.
Kepha kuthiwani ngevodka? Eminye imithombo ibika ukuthi iwayini lesinkwa esimhlophe lalethwa eRussia lisuka eScandinavia ngekhulu le-16; abanye - okuyiminyaka eyi-100 ngaphambili, kusuka. Kukhona nemininingwane yokuthi eRussia kwakudliwe iziphuzo ezinamandla eminyakeni eyi-11-12. Ngendlela, amandla e-vodka eRussia awakaze abe yimfundiso. Ngokwesiko, bakhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene - ama-38, 45 kanye nama-degree angama-56. Manje, njengoba wazi, kunezinhlobo eziqinile.
Kodwa noma kunjalo, ukugubha usuku lokuzalwa kwalesi siphuzo esidumile, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi utshwala buyingozi empilweni. Lokhu kufakazelwa yizifundo eziningi zesayensi, kanye nesiphetho esingalungile sabanukubeza utshwala kuphela, kodwa nabathandekayo babo.
Akusikho ukuqondana kwezinto ukuthi ngo-1985 i-World Health Organisation (WHO) yaqaphela ukuthi utshwala nogwayi njengezidakamizwa, futhi incwadi ethi "Iqiniso Ngezidakamizwa Ezingokomthetho" iphawula ukuthi amagremu angu-45 otshwala, kungakhathalekile isiko lokuludla, nakanjani luzobulala ama-1000 izinzwa ebuchosheni. Ngubani ophethe ngokweqile?
Masikhumbuze ukuthi uSepthemba 11 uyagujwa, futhi ngo-Okthoba 3 emazweni amaningi omhlaba -.