Okuqukethwe
I-Freckle gene okukhulunywa ngayo
Muva nje abacwaningi baseBrithani benze ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA ukuze kutholwe isakhi sofuzo esingama-freckle ukuze babikezele amathuba okuba nekhanda elibomvu elincane. Kodwa ingabe singawazi ngempela umbala wezinwele zengane yethu yesikhathi esizayo? Kungani lokhu kuwumthunzi oyivelakancane? USolwazi uNadem Soufir, isazi sofuzo esibhedlela sase-André Bichat uyasikhanyisela ...
Yini enquma umbala obomvu wezinwele?
Ibizwa nge-MCR1 ku-jargon yesayensi, lolu fuzo lukhona yonke indawo. Nokho, umbala obomvu wezinwele uwumphumela wesethi yokuhlukahluka okuholela ekuguqulweni. Ngokuvamile, isakhi sofuzo se-MCR1, esiyisamukeli, silawula ama-melanocyte, okungukuthi, amangqamuzana enza izinwele zibe umbala. La mangqamuzana enza i-melanin ensundu, ebangela ukushukwa kwesikhumba. Kepha uma kukhona okuhlukile (kuneshumi nambili), i-MCR1 receptor ayisebenzi kahle futhi icela ama-melanocyte ukuthi enze i-melanin enombala osawolintshi ophuzi. Lokhu kubizwa nge-pheomelanin.
Kumele kuqashelwe : Noma bephethe ufuzo lwe-MCR1, abantu bohlobo lwase-Afrika abanazo okuhlukile. Ngakho-ke ngeke babe amakhanda abomvu. Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo zomuntu ngokuzenzakalelayo kuhlobene eduze nendawo akuyo. Kungakho abantu abamnyama, abahlala ezifundeni ezinokukhanya kwelanga okuqinile, bengenakho okuhlukile kwe-MC1R. Kube khona ukukhethwa kwekhawunta, okuvimbe ukukhiqizwa kwalokhu okuhlukile obekungaba nobuthi kakhulu kuzo.
Kungenzeka yini ukubikezela ama-freckles wengane?
Namuhla, ngisho nangaphambi kokukhulelwa, abazali besikhathi esizayo bacabanga ngezinqubo zomzimba zengane yabo. Uzoba naliphi ikhala, uzobe unjani umlomo? Futhi muva nje abacwaningi baseBrithani benze ukuhlola kwe-DNA ukuze kutholwe isakhi sofuzo esinamafinya, ikakhulukazi komama abakhulelwe ukuze babikezele amathuba okuba nekhanda elibomvu futhi bawalungiselele. noma yiziphi izici zezokwelapha zalezi zingane. Futhi ngesizathu esihle, ungaba umthwali walesi sakhi sofuzo, ngaphandle kokuba bomvu ngokwakho. Noma kunjalo isazi sofuzo uNadem Soufir siyingxenye: lokhu kuhlola kuwumbudane wangempela. “Ukuze ube bomvu, kufanele ube nezinhlobo ezimbili ze-RHC (umbala wezinwele ezibomvu). Uma bobabili abazali bebomvu, kusobala, kanjalo nengane. Abantu ababili abanezinwele ezimnyama nabo bangaba nengane enezinwele ezibomvu, uma ngamunye wabo ene-RHC ehlukile, kodwa amathuba okuba yi-25% kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane ye-mestizo noma isiCreole kanye nomuntu wohlobo lwaseCaucasia angase abe nezinwele ezibomvu. “Izakhi zofuzo zombala ziyinkimbinkimbi, izici ezimbalwa, esingakaziqondi, ziyavela.” Ngaphandle kombuzo wokuthembeka, iIsazi sofuzo siyayigxeka ingozi yokuziphatha: ukukhipha isisu okukhethekile.
Njengoba bekhula, izinwele zeBaby ngezinye izikhathi zishintsha umbala. Siphinde sibone izinguquko phakathi nokushintshela ebusheni, bese kuba umuntu omdala. Lezi zinguquko zihlobene kakhulu nokusebenzelana nemvelo. Ngokwesibonelo, elangeni, izinwele ziba mhlophe. Izingane ezinezinwele ezibomvu zingase zibe mnyama njengoba zikhula, kodwa i-tint ngokuvamile ihlala ikhona.
Kungani ebomvu kancane?
Uma singabathwali bofuzo lwe-freckle, kuyamangaza kakhulu lokho 5% kuphela abantu French abomvu. Ukwengeza, kusukela ngo-2011, ibhange lesidoda le-Danish Cryos alisabamukeli abanikeli ababomvu, ukunikezwa kuphezulu kakhulu maqondana nesidingo. Iningi labamukeli livela eGreece, e-Italy noma e-Spain futhi linxusa abanikeli abansundu. Kodwa-ke, ama-redheads ngeke ashabalale, njengoba amanye amahlebezi eqhubeka. “Ukugxila kwabo okuphansi kuhlobene kakhulu nokuhlangana kwabantu. EFrance, i-abantu bomdabu wase-Afrika, eNyakatho Afrika, abangenakho noma okumbalwa kakhulu okuhlukile kwe-MC1R, ziningi impela. Kodwa-ke, ama-redheads akhona kakhulu ezindaweni ezithile, njenge-Brittany lapho inani labo lihlala lizinzile. “Siphinde sibone ithonya elibomvu eduze komngcele we-Lorraine ne-Alsatian,” kuchaza uDkt. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona i-palette yonke ebomvu, kusukela ku-auburn kuya ku-chestnut emnyama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, labo abazibiza nge-Venetian blond bangama-redheads abanganaki ”.
Njengoba i-13% ibomvu kubantu bayo, iScotland iphethe irekhodi lama-redheads. Bangu-10% e-Ireland.
Vikela impilo yezingane ezibomvu
Red baby: qaphela ukushiswa yilanga!
Ukuvikela ilanga, ukuphuma emthunzini, isigqoko… ehlobo, igama elilodwa lokubuka: gwema ukubeka Umntwana elangeni. Abazali abanezingane ezibomvu kufanele baqaphe kakhulu. Futhi ngesizathu esihle, lapho sebekhulile, kungenzeka ukuthi bahlaselwe umdlavuza wesikhumba, ngakho-ke ukubaluleka kokuwavikela, kusukela esemncane, emisebeni ye-ultraviolet.
Ngokwengxenye yabo, abantu base-Asiya banombala ohlukile, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ezimbalwa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke mancane amathuba okuthi babe ne-melanoma. Ama-Métis noma amaCreole anama-freckles nawo kufanele aqaphele ilanga, ngisho noma "avikeleke kangcono elangeni kunabamhlophe".
Ngisho noma ama-redheads ahloselwe ukuthola izifo ezithile zomdlavuza futhi ahlangabezane nokuguga kwangaphambili kwesikhumba, isazi sofuzo sichaza ukuthi "isici sofuzo esiyingozi kwelinye iphuzu sinemiphumela enenzuzo". Ngempela, iAbantu abanokuhlukahluka kwe-MC1R bathwebula kalula imisebe ye-ultraviolet kuma-latitudes aphezulu, ebalulekile kuvithamini D. “Lokhu kungase kuchaze ukuthi kungani, ngokwesimiso esaziwa kakhulu sokuzikhetha kwemvelo, amaNeanderthal, atholakala eMpumalanga Yurophu, kakade esenezinwele ezibomvu.
Isixhumanisi nesifo sikaParkinson?
Ngezinye izikhathi kukhulunywa ngesixhumanisi phakathi kwesifo sikaParkinson nokuba bomvu. Noma kunjalo uNadem Soufir usalokhu eqaphile: “lokhu akukakaqinisekiswa. Ngokolunye uhlangothi, kukhona ukuxhumana kwe-epidemiological phakathi kwalesi sifo ne-melanoma. Abantu abake baba nalolu hlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba basemathubeni aphindwe izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 okuba nesifo sikaParkinson. Futhi labo abahlakulela lesi sifo banengozi eyengeziwe yokuthola i-melanoma. Zikhona ngempela izixhumanisi kodwa akusho ukuthi zidlule kufuzo lwe-MC1R ”. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akukho ukuhlobana phakathi kwama-freckles kanye ne-albinism. Ngokuphathelene nalokhu, “ucwaningo lwamuva nje olwenziwa endaweni yokucwaninga luye lwabonisa ukuthi amagundane angama-albino awanayo i-melanoma, naphezu kokungabi nawo umbala esikhumbeni, ngokungafani namagundane abomvu. “
Amakhanda abomvu, azwela kancane ebuhlungu
Ama-redheads angenakunqotshwa? Ungacishe ukholwe! Impela, isakhi sofuzo se-MC1R sivezwa kumasosha omzimba kanye nesistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi inzuzo kuma-redheads yokumelana kakhulu nobuhlungu.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile: ukukhanga ubulili. Ama-Redheads angaba ngaphezulu… ayaheha.
Uyafuna ukukhuluma ngakho phakathi kwabazali? Ukunikeza umbono wakho, ukuletha ubufakazi bakho? Sihlangana ku-https://forum.parents.fr.