I-Angioplasty ingenye yezindlela zokuphatha isifo se-coronary artery. Kwenziwa ukuze kuvulwe umthambo owodwa noma eminingi ye-coronary ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Le angioplasty ivame ukuhambisana nokubekwa kwe-stent ukuvimbela umthambo ukuthi ungaphinde uvaleke. 

I-coronary angioplasty noma ukuvuleka kubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni ye-coronary evinjiwe eyodwa noma eminingi. Lapho umthambo owodwa noma eminingi yenhliziyo incishiswa (okwaziwa ngokuthi i-stenosis) ngokufakwa kwamafutha noma amahlule egazi (isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi), inhliziyo ayisanikezwa ngokwanele futhi ayinawo umoya-mpilo owanele. Lokhu kubangela ubuhlungu nomuzwa wokuqina esifubeni: i-angina pectoris. Lapho i-coronary artery ivalwe ngokuphelele, kunengozi ye-myocardial infarction. I-angioplasty yenza kube nokwenzeka “ukuvula” imithambo yenhliziyo, ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa (ngokungafani nokuhlinzwa kwe-coronary bypass). Kuyisenzo se-interventional cardiology. 

I-Angioplasty ene-stenting

I-coronary angioplasty iqedwa ngokubeka i-stent emacaleni angama-90%. I-stent iyi-prosthesis ethatha isimo se-spring encane noma ithubhu lensimbi elinezimbobo. Ibekwe odongeni lomthambo ngesikhathi se-angioplasty. Igcina umthambo uvulekile. Kukhona okuthiwa ama-stents asebenzayo: ahlanganiswe nezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ingozi yokuvinjelwa komthambo omusha naphezu kwe-stent.

Ukulungiselela i-angioplasty 

Le nqubo ye-angioplasty yenziwa ngemva kwe-coronary angiography, ukuhlolwa okuvumela ukubonakala kwemithambo ye-coronary okufanele ilashwe. 

Ngaphambi kwenqubo, i-electrocardiogram, ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka nokuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa. Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi yimiphi imithi okufanele uyiyeke, kuhlanganise nezinto ezinciphisa igazi.

I-Angioplasty ekusebenzeni 

Ubuyela esibhedlela emahoreni angama-24 kuya kwangama-48 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukuze wenze zonke izivivinyo. Cishe amahora angu-5 ngaphambili, awusavunyelwe ukudla noma ukuphuza. Uthatha ishawa ye-betadine. Ngaphambi kwenqubo, uthatha ithebhulethi okuhloswe ngayo ukukuphumuza.

I-Angioplasty ene-stenting noma ngaphandle kwe-stenting yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo ekamelweni elingenelela le-cardiology. Uhlala uphapheme futhi udokotela angase akucele ukuthi uvimbele ukuphefumula kwakho noma ukukhwehlela phakathi nenqubo ukuze ubone inhliziyo yakho kangcono noma asheshise ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho. 

I-catheter enebhaluni eliphefumulayo ekupheleni kwayo yethulwa emthanjeni osemlenzeni noma engalweni. 

Ngemuva komjovo womkhiqizo ohlukile, i-probe ifakwa kancane kancane emthanjeni we-coronary ovimbekile. Ibhaluni libe selivuthelwa umoya, elichoboza i-atheromatous plaque futhi livule umthambo. I-stent ifakwa ebhaluni uma ukubekwa kwe-stent kuyadingeka. Ngenkathi ufutha ibhaluni, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu besikhashana esifubeni, engalweni, noma emhlathini. Bika udokotela. Ngemuva kokubekwa kwe-stent, umthofu uyasuswa futhi umzila we-arterial ucindezelwa nge-bandage yokucindezela noma i-forceps yokuvala.

Le nqubo ithatha ihora elilodwa kuye kwamabili isiyonke.

I-angioplasty yenziwa lapho imithambo ye-coronary eyodwa noma ngaphezulu igxiliwe, okubangela izimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu besifuba, umuzwa wokucinana esifubeni, ukuphelelwa umoya lapho uzikhandla (i-angina) noma isifo senhliziyo esibuhlungu (inhliziyo). i-myocardium). 

Umphumela we-angioplasty 

Ngemuva kwe-coronary angioplasty nge-stenting noma ngaphandle kwayo, uyiswa egumbini lokuqapha bese uyiswa ekamelweni lakho. Kufanele ulale phansi amahora ambalwa, ngaphandle kokugoba ingalo noma umlenze wakho ubheke lapho kubhobozwa khona. Izisebenzi zezokwelapha zizofika zizohlola umfutho wegazi lakho, ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kanye nokubukeka kwendawo yokubhoboza njalo. Ungadla ukudla okulula noma ukudla okulula amahora ama-3 ngemuva kwe-angioplasty. Kuyadingeka ukuphuza kakhulu ukukhuthaza ukuqedwa komkhiqizo wokungafani ojovwe. 

Ungakhishwa esibhedlela ngosuku olungemva kokuhlinzwa kwakamuva, ngaphandle uma lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa esimweni se-acute coronary episode (njenge-myocardial infarction). Emahoreni angu-48 okuqala, kufanele uphumule futhi awukwazi ukushayela noma ukuthwala imithwalo esindayo. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu noma wopha, xhumana nodokotela wakho. Ungabuyela emsebenzini ngesonto elilandela i-angioplasty ngaphandle kwalapho uhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Imiphumela ye-angioplasty

Imiphumela ye-angioplasty ngokuvamile mihle kakhulu. Ithuthukisa inkambo yesifo se-myocardial esikhathini eside. 

Kukhona ubungozi bokuphindeka kwe-stenosis, i-re-stenosis: isikhathi esingu-1 kwezi-4 noma ezi-5, ukuncipha komthambo we-coronary kuphinda kuvele kancane kancane, ngokuvamile ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 zokuqala kulandela i-angioplasty. Khona-ke i-angioplasty entsha ingenziwa. 

Ukuphila ngemva kwe-angioplasty 

Uma ususekhaya, kufanele uphuze imishanguzo ye-antiplatelet njalo futhi usebenzise indlela yokuphila enempilo, ukuvimbela imithambo ukuthi ingaphinde ivaleke. Ngakho-ke kuhle ukuba uyeke ukubhema, uqalise kabusha ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, ukudla okunomsoco, ukunciphisa umzimba uma kunesidingo futhi ulawule kangcono ukucindezeleka kwakho kanye nokuqinisekisa ukulawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, i-cholesterol ephezulu nodokotela wakho.