The i-polynuclear kukhona amaseli egazi amhlophe (noma ama-leukocytes), ngakho-ke amangqamuzana okuzivikela omzimba.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi, okuhlanganisa:

• the i-polynuclear, aqanjwe kanjalo ngenxa yokuthi abonakala enama-nuclei amaningana
• the ama-mononucleaires, okuhlanganisa "ama-monocyte”Kanye ne-i-lymphocytes«

Amaseli e-Polynuclear angamangqamuzana ajikeleza egazini futhi empeleni ane-nucleus enama-multilobed. Ngaphakathi, aqukethe "ama-granulation", athatha imibala ehlukene lapho efakwe odayi abakhethekile. Ngakho-ke sihlukanisa:

• ama-neutrophils, ama-granulations awo agcina okuthiwa odayi abangathathi hlangothi (beige tint)
• ama-eosinophil, ama-granulations awo amakhulu aphenduka awolintshi
• ama-polynuclear basophils, aqukethe ama-granules amakhulu abomvu-purplish

Lawa mangqamuzana ahambayo aya ezindaweni ezisemzimbeni lapho kukhona ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala. Lokhu kufuduka kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lama-molecule amakhemikhali akhishwa yi-pathogen noma athonywe yiyo, ebaheha endaweni "elungile".

Ama-neutrophils e-Polynuclear amangqamuzana e-polynuclear amaningi kakhulu: amele iningi lamangqamuzana egazi amhlophe ajikeleza egazini (50 kuya ku-75%). Njengenkomba, inani labo liyahluka ukusuka ku-1,8 kuya ku-7 billion ilitha ngalinye legazi (okungukuthi 2000 kuya ku-7500 ama-neutrophils nge-mm ngayinye.³ igazi).

Uma esesicubuni esithelelekile, ama-neutrophils ayakwazi “ukuphagocytize” (okungukuthi, ukugwinya, ngendlela) izinhlayiya zakwamanye amazwe.

Ukukalwa kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi ngokuvamile kunconywa ezimweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zokutheleleka.

Ngokuvamile, udokotela ubeka "isibalo segazi" (i-hemogram) echaza ukuhlangana kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamangqamuzana egazi.

Ukuhlolwa kuqukethe isampula elilula legazi le-venous, ngokuvamile elenziwa ekugoqeni kwendololwane. Akudingekile ukuba ube esiswini esingenalutho.

Singabona ukubonakala kwamaseli e-polymorphonuclear ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu, kusukela ku-blood smear.

Ukuqoqwa kwama-neutrophils e-polynuclear kungase kwandiswe (i-polynucleose neutrophile) noma ngokuphambene nalokho kwehliswe uma kuqhathaniswa namazinga (neutropenia).

Ukwenyuka okumaphakathi noma okubukhali kwenani lamaseli amhlophe egazi, futhi ikakhulukazi ama-polymorphonuclear neutrophils, kungabonakala ezimeni eziningi:

• uma kwenzeka 'ukutheleleka (izifo eziningi ezibangelwa amagciwane)
• kuya ku-cas of isifo sokuvuvukala
• endabeni yabanye c
• mayelana izifo ze-hematological (i-myeloproliferative syndromes, i-leukemia, i-polycythemia, i-thrombocythemia).

Ukwehla kwe-neutrophils kungenzeka:

• ngemva kwezinye ukutheleleka ngegciwane
• lapho ethatha imithi ethile
• ngemva kweyodwa imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
• kodwa nakwabanye izifo zomgogodla (i-myeloma, i-lymphoma, i-leukemia, umdlavuza).

Ukuhunyushwa kwemiphumela kuzoncika kwamanye amanani egazi kanye neminyaka yesiguli, izimpawu, nomlando.