I-American Cocker Spaniel ihlukaniswa yiFédération Cynologiques Internationale phakathi kwezinja eziphakamisa umdlalo. Yinja encane kunazo zonke kuleli qembu. Ukuphakama kokubuna kungama-38 cm kwabesilisa no-35,5 cm kwabesifazane. Umzimba wayo uqinile futhi ubumbene futhi ikhanda licwengekile futhi licoshwe kahle. Ijazi leli lifushane futhi lizacile ekhanda nasebude obuphakathi kuwo wonke umzimba. Ingubo yakhe ingaba mnyama noma omunye umbala oqinile. Kungaba nemibala ehlukahlukene, kepha njalo inengxenye emhlophe. (1)

I-American Cocker Spaniel ingeyomndeni omkhulu wama-spaniel, umkhondo wokuqala osukela ekhulwini leshumi nane. Lezi zinja bese kubikwa ukuthi zivela eSpain futhi zisetshenziselwa ukuzingela izinyoni zasemanzini ikakhulukazi i-woodcock lapho i-cocker spaniel ithatha khona igama layo lamanje (ukhuni kusho i-woodcock ngesiNgisi). Kodwa kwaze kwaba yingxenye yesibili yekhulu le-1946 lapho i-Cocker Spaniel yaqashelwa khona njengesihlobo sayo yi-English Kennel Club. Futhi kamuva, ngo-1, lapho i-American Cocker Spaniel ne-English Cocker Spaniel bahlukaniswa njengezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene yi-American Kennel Club. (2-XNUMX)

I-American Cocker Spaniel ingeyomndeni omkhulu wama-spaniel, umkhondo wokuqala osukela ekhulwini leshumi nane. Lezi zinja bese kubikwa ukuthi zivela eSpain futhi zisetshenziselwa ukuzingela izinyoni zasemanzini ikakhulukazi i-woodcock lapho i-cocker spaniel ithatha khona igama layo lamanje (ukhuni kusho i-woodcock ngesiNgisi). Kodwa kwaze kwaba yingxenye yesibili yekhulu le-1946 lapho i-Cocker Spaniel yaqashelwa khona njengesihlobo sayo yi-English Kennel Club. Futhi kamuva, ngo-1, lapho i-American Cocker Spaniel ne-English Cocker Spaniel bahlukaniswa njengezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene yi-American Kennel Club. (2-XNUMX)

Ngokuya ngeKennel Club's 2014 UK Purebred Dog Health Survey, iAmerican Cocker Spaniel ingaphila iminyaka efika kwengu-16 kanti izimbangela ezihamba phambili zokufa kwabantu ngumdlavuza (ongaqondile), ukuhluleka kwezinso, izinkinga zesibindi nokuguga. (3)

Ucwaningo olufanayo lubika ukuthi iningi lezilwane ezifundwe azilethanga sifo. I-American Cocker Spaniel ngakho-ke ngokuvamile iyinja enempilo, kepha yona, njengezinye izinja ezihlanzekile, ingaba sengozini yokuthola izifo zofuzo. Phakathi kwalokhu kungaqashelwa isithuthwane esibalulekile, uhlobo VII glycogenosis, ukushoda kwe-factor X kanye ne-renal cortical hypoplasia. (4-5)

Isithuthwane esibalulekile

Isithuthwane esibalulekile ukulimala kwesistimu yezinzwa okuvame kakhulu ezinjeni. Kubonakala ngokudlikizela okungazelelwe, okufushane futhi okungenzeka kube okuphindaphindayo. Kubizwa nangokuthi isithuthwane esiyinhloko ngoba, ngokungafani nesithuthwane sesibili, akubangelwa ukuhlukumezeka futhi isilwane asinakho ukulimala ebuchosheni noma ohlelweni lwezinzwa.

Izimbangela zalesi sifo azikaziwa kahle futhi ukuxilongwa kusasekelwe ikakhulu kunqubo ehlose ukukhipha noma yimuphi omunye umonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa nobuchopho. Ngakho-ke kubandakanya izivivinyo ezisindayo, ezifana ne-CT scan, i-MRI, ukuhlaziywa kwe-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) nokuhlolwa kwegazi.

Kuyisifo esingelapheki ngakho-ke kuyanconywa ukuthi ungasebenzisi izinja ezithintekile ukuzalanisa. (4-5)

Uhlobo lwe-Glycogenosis VII

Uhlobo lwe-Glycogenosis VII yisifo sofuzo, njengoba igama laso liphakamisa, sithinta imetabolism yama-carbohydrate (ushukela). Sikhona nakubantu futhi saziwa futhi ngokuthi isifo seTarui, esiqanjwe ngegama likadokotela owaqala ukusibona ngo-1965.

Lesi sifo sibonakala ngokungasebenzi kwe-enzyme ebalulekile ekuguquleni ushukela ube ngamandla (phosphofructokinase). Ezinjaneni, kubonakala ikakhulu ngokuhlaselwa kwe-anemia, okubizwa ngezinhlekelele ze-hemolytic, lapho ulwelwesi lwamafinyila lubonakala luphaphathekile futhi isilwane sibuthakathaka futhi siphefumula kanzima. Ngokungafani nabantu, izinja azivamile ukukhombisa ukulimala kwemisipha. Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ekuqaphelisweni kwalezi zimpawu nokuhlolwa kofuzo. Isibikezelo siyahlukahluka impela. Inja ingafa ngokuzumayo ngesikhathi senhlekelele ye-hemolytic. Kodwa-ke, kuyenzeka ukuthi inja iphile impilo ejwayelekile uma umnikazi wayo emvikela ezimweni ezingadala ukuqubuka. (4-5)

Ukushoda kweFactor X

Ebizwa nangokuthi ukuntuleka kwesici sikaStuart, ukuntuleka kwe-factor X yisifo esizuzwe njengefa esibonakala ngesici ku-factor X, i-molecule ebalulekile ekunqandeni igazi. Kuboniswa ukuphuma kwegazi okuphawulekayo kusukela ekuzalweni nasemidlwane.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ukuhlolwa kwe-coagulation yelabhorethri kanye nokuhlolwa komsebenzi we-factor X.

Isibikezelo siyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ngezimo ezinzima kakhulu, imidlwane iyafa lapho izalwa. Amafomu alinganiselayo angabonisa ukuphuma kwegazi okuncane noma abe yi-asymptomatic. Ezinye izinja ezinamafomu amancane zingasinda lapho sezikhulile. Akukho muthi ozothatha isikhundla se-factor X ngaphandle kokudluliselwa kwe-plasma. (4-5)

I-renal cortical hypoplasia

I-renal cortical hypoplasia ingumonakalo ozuzwe njengefa ezinso obangela indawo yezinso ebizwa ngokuthi i-cortex ukuncipha. Izinja ezithintekile ngakho-ke zinenkinga yokuhluleka ukusebenza kwezinso.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa nge-ultrasound kanye ne-radiography yokuqhathanisa ukukhombisa ukubandakanyeka kwe-cortex yezinso. Ukuhlolwa kwe-urinalysis kukhombisa ne-proteinuria

Okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo. (4-5)

Njengakwezinye izinhlobo zezinja ezinezindlebe ezinde ezinde, kunconywa ukuthi unake ngokukhethekile ukuzihlanza ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka.

Izinwele ze-American Cocker Spaniel nazo zidinga ukuxubha njalo.