I-Amebiasis yisifo sesithathu esibulala izimuncagazi emhlabeni. Cishe i-10% yabantu emhlabeni kukholakala ukuthi itheleleke nge-amoebae eyisinambuzane. Nokho, ngokuvamile i-asymptomatic, ukutheleleka kungaholela ezinkingeni eziningi. Ungayithola kanjani futhi uyiphathe kanjani?

I-Amebiasis yisimo esihlobene nokutheleleka okubangelwa i-parasite encane ehlala emathunjini. Lesi sifo sihlala siyinkinga yezempilo yomphakathi emhlabeni wonke, ngoba sithinta iziguli ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-50 emhlabeni wonke, ngenxa yokuntuleka kwenhlanzeko nenhlanzeko yamanzi. 

Ama-Amoeba atholakala emhlabeni wonke, kodwa avame kakhulu emazweni ashisayo kanye nasezifundeni ezishisayo nezinomswakama ezinezinga eliphansi lenhlanzeko. 

Ukutheleleka ngokuvamile akubonakali futhi izimpawu zomtholampilo zisukela ekuhudeni okuncane kuye kokulaliswa esibhedlela. 

Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ekuhlonzweni kwe-E. histolytica esitulweni kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-serological.

I-Amebiasis ibangelwa i-amoeba "Entamoeba histolytica", isici se-parasite kubantu. Le parasitosis idla lubi unyaka wonke kodwa ihlala emanzini kuphela noma lapho kunomswakama ophezulu. Kwezinye izindawo, kungase kubonakale njengezifo eziwumshayabhuqe ezincane noma izimo ezingazodwa. 

I-Amoeba ingeyomndeni we-protozoa. I-Entemoeba histolytica iyona kuphela i-amoeba ekwazi ukungena ulwelwesi lwamathumbu nodonga lwawo. Lesi silokazane singathatha amafomu amabili, ifomu elisebenzayo (trophozoite) kanye nefomu elilele (cyst). 

Ukutheleleka kuqala lapho ama-cysts emuncwa. Ngempela, lapho bezalwa, baletha i-trophozoites ephindaphinda futhi ibangele izimpawu zokuvuvukala, umphumela wawo ukutheleleka kwamathumbu. 

Ngezinye izikhathi zisakazeka esibindini noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Izindlela zokungcola zenziwa ngokuqondile (kusuka kumuntu kuye kumuntu) noma ngokungaqondile (ngokudla namanzi). Ezindaweni lapho inhlanzeko ingekho khona, i-amebiasis isakazwa ngokusetshenziswa kokudla noma amanzi angcoliswe indle.

Abantu abaningi abane-amoebiasis abanazimpawu, kodwa izimpawu zingase zivele ezinsukwini ezimbalwa noma amasonto ngemva kokutheleleka. 

Ukuhlasela okuyinhloko kwe-amoebic kuhambisana nokutheleleka kokuqala kwamathumbu yi-amoeba, kuyilapho i-amebiasis engasekho kwenzeka lapho ukuhlasela okuyinhloko kwe-amoebic kungelashwanga futhi ngokuvamile kuthinta isibindi.

I-amebiasis yamathumbu noma i-colic

• Uhudo lokuqala oluthambile ngaphandle komkhuhlane;
• Ubuhlungu besisu, amajaqamba;
• Uhudo oluthatha isikhathi eside futhi luba nesifo sohudo esinamandla: I-dysentery, negazi namafinyila emafinyileni, (i-amoebic dysentery);
• Ukukhathala, ukuncipha kwesisindo futhi ngezinye izikhathi imfiva.

I-amoebiasis yesibindi

• Ubuhlungu endaweni lapho isibindi sikhona;
• Imfiva ;
• Ukwanda kwevolumu yesibindi.
  

Uma umuntu enezimpawu, ukwelashwa kusekelwe emithini emibili: okhipha i-amoeba, bese kuba omunye obulala ama-cysts ethunjini elikhulu. 

• Ngezinhlobo ezithambile ze-amoebiasis yamathumbu: ukuthatha i-antiparasitic ebanzi kanye ne-amoebicides yokuxhumana (i-metronidazole noma i-tinidazole elandelwa yi-paromomycin noma omunye umuthi osebenzayo wokuqeda i-cyst ehambisana nendlela yokuphila kanye nezinyathelo zokudla);
• Ngamafomu anzima wamathumbu kanye ne-hepatic, adinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela kanye nokwelashwa okuphuthumayo.

Kubalulekile ukuphatha i-amebiasis yamathumbu kahle ukuze ugweme ukubukeka kwamafomu e-extradigestive. Ingasaphathwa-ke eyokuthi abantu abangenazo izimpawu (asymptomatic) nabo abadinga ukwelashelwa ukulwa nokusulelana kwalesi sifo.

Ukuze unqobe ingozi yokubamba i-amoebae, okokuqala kudingekile ukubhubhisa ukungcoliswa kwendle emanzini, ukudla nezandla nokusebenzisa izindlela zokuxilonga ezingabonisa ukuba khona kwama-cysts, kuhlanganise nabathwali abangenayo 'izimpawu.

Linda I : 

• Gwema ukubeka izandla emlonyeni wakho ngemva kokuxhawula;
• Ungasebenzisi izindwangu ezingcolile ukomisa izandla zakho endlini yangasese;
• Sebenzisa amanzi amaminerali afakwe emabhodleleni;
• Yidla izithelo nemifino ehlanjululwe ngamanzi abilisiwe noma ngemva kokushintshela ku-chlorine;
• Gada amachibi okubhukuda ngokususa izinto eziphilayo;
• Vuselela amanzi emachibini okubhukuda.