I-Alcohol hepatitis yisifo esibi kakhulu sokuvuvukala kwesibindi esibangelwa ukuphuza ngokweqile. Ngokuvamile i-asymptomatic, ingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu.

I-Hepatitis yisifo sesibindi esivuvukalayo esibandakanya ukulimala okukhulu esibindini. Ibonakala ngokuthuthukiswa kwezilonda ezihambisana nokufa kwamaseli esibindi okushintsha ukusebenza kwaso kanye nemingcele yayo yezinto eziphilayo. Kunamafomu amaningana. I-Hepatitis ingabangelwa igciwane, njenge-hepatitis A, B no-C isibonelo. Kungase futhi kube nezinye izimbangela ezinjengokunqwabelana kwamafutha emangqamuzaneni esibindi angahlobene notshwala (sikhuluma nge-hepatitis ye-steatotic engeyona utshwala) noma ukuphuza utshwala. Ngeyakamuva esikhuluma ngayo lapha.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-alcohol hepatitis:

• i-acute, i-hepatitis engazelelwe ngokushesha ngemva kotshwala obukhulu. Okuvame ukuba nezimpawu, kungaba kubi kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo luyivelakancane eFrance;
• isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo olungapheli esiqala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokuphuza ngokweqile nokujwayelekile kotshwala. Ingaphawulwa ngeziqephu ezinzima kakhulu. Isifo sokusha kwesibindi sohlobo singase sikhule sibe yi-cirrhosis futhi sihlotshaniswe nengozi yokufa kwesikhashana. Kuyifomu elivame kakhulu eFrance.

Njengoba isifo sokusha kwesibindi sotshwala sivame ukungabi nazimpawu, kunzima ukuhlola ukusabalala kwaso. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ithinta umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-1 abaphuza kakhulu. Kuhlotshaniswa nokwehluleka kwesibindi kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokufa.

Imbangela evame kakhulu yesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo oluthile ukusebenzisa kabi utshwala. Kunesizathu esihle sokuphuza utshwala ngokusesilinganisweni ngesizathu esihle. Impela utshwala buwushevu emzimbeni. Ngemithamo emincane, ihlungwa yisibindi futhi ikhishwe. Ngemithamo ephezulu, utshwala bulimaza izitho eziningana: umgudu wokugaya ukudla owumuncayo, inso ehlunga ingxenye encane yayo bese iyikhiphela emchamweni, iphaphu elikhipha ingxenye encane emoyeni okhishwa umoya futhi ekugcineni isibindi esihluza umchamo. iningi (90%) lotshwala olumuncwe. Isibindi siyakhathala futhi singagcina sigule futhi singakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yaso ngendlela efanele. Ubuthi botshwala esibindini bungenzeka ngemithamo engase ibonakale iphansi: amagremu angama-20 kuye kwangama-40 otshwala ngosuku, noma iziphuzo ezi-2 kuye kwezingu-4 kwabesifazane namagremu angama-40 kuye kwangama-60 otshwala ngosuku, noma izingilazi ezi-4 kuye kweziyisi-6 kubantu.

Imiphumela yesibindi imi kanje, ngokulandelana kobunzima:

• i-steatosis noma i-alcohol hepatitis: amafutha afakwa kumaseli esibindi;
• i-hepatomegaly: umthamo wesibindi esigulayo uyanda;
• i-fibrosis: ukuvuvukala kwesibindi kuholela ekwakhekeni kwezicubu ezibomvu;
• i-cirrhosis: izicubu zesibindi ziyaqhubeka nokushintsha futhi ziba nzima;
• umdlavuza wesibindi.

Lezi zinhlobo ezine zezilonda zingabonwa ngesikhathi esisodwa noma zodwa. I-Steatosis ne-hepatomegaly zingahle zibuyele emuva uma uyeka ukuphuza utshwala ngokushesha.

Amathuba okuba nesifo sokusha kwesibindi kotshwala makhulu kwabesifazane kunabesilisa. Le ngozi iyanda uma umuntu ekhuluphele noma ekhuluphele. Kukhona futhi i-genetic predisposition.

Isifo sokusha kwesibindi kotshwala singaba nesifo sokusha kwesibindi kotshwala isikhathi eside futhi sibonakale kuphela lapho sesithuthuke kakhulu. Uma izimpawu zivela, kungase kube:

• i-jaundice noma i-jaundice: ukuphuzi kwesikhumba, amehlo kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila ngenxa yokunqwabelana kwe-bilirubin (umkhiqizo wokuwohloka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi ngokuvamile ahlungwa yisibindi futhi akhishwe umchamo, obhekele umbala);
• ama-ascites: ukwanda kwesisu ngenxa yomfutho wegazi ophakeme emithanjeni ehambisa igazi esibindini;
• i-hepatic encephalopathy: ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa ngenxa yokulimala kobuchopho okwesibili kuya kokungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ekwelashweni siwukunciphisa noma ukumisa ngokuphelele ukuphuza utshwala. Esimeni sokuncika, kungalandelwa insizakalo yokulutheka kanye/noma nodokotela wezengqondo. Kukhona imithi yokwelapha ehambisana nokuhoxa.

Ukuhoxiswa kungahambisana nokwelashwa kwe-diuretic uma kunesidingo. Isiguli singase futhi sithole isithasiselo sevithamini. Ukwelashwa kwe-Corticosteroid kungasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.

Ngemuva kokulunyulwa nokwelashwa, uma kwenzeka umonakalo ongenakulungiseka owenziwe esibindini, kungenzeka ukucabangela ukufakelwa. Iziguli ezinelungelo lokufakelwa kabusha zikhethwa ngokuqinile futhi ukungabi khona kophuzo oludakayo kuyisimo esibalulekile.

Izinga lokufa kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kotshwala lisalokhu liphezulu. Ngempela, izindlela zokwelapha aziningi. Lesi sifo sivame ukuhambisana nezifo ezimbi kakhulu kanye nokungondleki kahle. Ingozi yokubuyela emuva esimweni sokulutheka nayo ihlala iphezulu.