I-Alcohol withdrawal syndrome, ama-antidepressants

Ukuhoxiswa kwe-syndrome - lena inkimbinkimbi yokusabela komzimba okwenzeka ngenxa yokuyeka ukudla (noma ngokuncipha komthamo) wento engabangela ukulutheka. Ukuhoxiswa kwe-syndrome kungathuthuka uma wenqaba ukuthatha imithi, izinto ezidakayo, ama-psychostimulants. Kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa inkimbinkimbi yokusabela okungekuhle ngisho nangemva kokuncipha komthamo wokuthathwa kwesidakamizwa se-pathognomonic emzimbeni.

Izimpawu zokuhoxa zingahluka ngokuqina, kuye ngomthamo kanye nobude bento, kanye nokwakheka kwayo kanye nomthelela ebinawo emzimbeni. Akunakwenzeka kuphela ukubuyisela ukusabela okungekuhle ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, umuthi uvinjiwe, kodwa ukuqina kwawo kanye nokuvela kwezimo ezintsha ezingathandeki.

I-Hormone withdrawal syndrome

I-Hormone withdrawal syndrome yisimo esiyingozi hhayi kuphela empilweni, kodwa nasempilweni yomuntu.

i-glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome

Okuyingozi kakhulu ukwelashwa kwe-glucocorticoid, okufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela kuphela. Ukubhebhetheka kwezimpawu zesifo lapho ukwelashwa kwe-hormonal kujwayele ukwenzeka lapho kungabhekwa imigomo yokwelashwa, kanye nalapho kudlula imithamo ephezulu evumelekile.

Njengomthetho, i-glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome yenzeka kuphela uma isiguli besizozelapha. Odokotela banezincomo ezicacile mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwalezi zidakamizwa ze-hormonal ekwelapheni isifo esithile. Ubunzima be-glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome buncike ekutheni i-adrenal cortex igcinwe kahle kangakanani esigulini:

• Inkambo emnene ye-corticosteroid hormone withdrawal syndrome ibonakala ekubukeni komzwelo wobuthakathaka, i-malaise, ukwanda kokukhathala. Umuntu uyala ukudla ngoba akanaso isifiso sokudla. Kungase kube nobuhlungu bemisipha, ukukhushulwa kwezimpawu zesifo esiyisisekelo kanye nokwanda kokushisa komzimba.

• Inkambo enzima ye-corticosteroid hormone withdrawal syndrome ibonakala ekuthuthukiseni inkinga ye-Addisonian. Ukuvela kokuhlanza, ama-spasms, ukuwa kungenzeka. Uma ungafaki umthamo olandelayo wamahomoni esigulini, khona-ke kukhona ingozi yokufa.

Kulokhu, ukwelashwa ngama-hormone e-glucocorticosteroid kubonwa odokotela njengobunzima futhi kuyingozi, naphezu kwazo zonke izimpumelelo zezokwelapha zesimanje. Odokotela bathi ukwelashwa okunjalo kulula ukuqala kunokuqeda. Noma kunjalo, ukukwazi ukwenza uhlobo lwemithi yokuthatha izidakamizwa zaleli qembu kukhulisa ukuphepha kwayo empilweni yesiguli. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, zonke izingqinamba ezingase zibe khona, imiphumela emibi yokuthatha izidakamizwa ze-hormonal kufanele zicatshangelwe ngaphandle kokwehluleka. Kubaluleke ngokufanayo ukuhlela uhlelo "lwesembozo" lwabantu abasengozini, ngokwesibonelo, ukushintsha kusuka ku-glucocorticoids kuya ku-insulin ku-diabetes mellitus, amathuba okusebenzisa ama-antibiotic ekwelapheni i-foci engapheli yokutheleleka ngama-hormone, njll.

I-Hormonal contraceptive withdrawal syndrome

Ngokuqedwa kokuvimbela inzalo kwama-hormone, kunokwanda kokukhiqizwa kwe-luteinizing kanye ne-follicle-stimulating hormone emzimbeni. Ku-gynecology, ukuhlinzwa okunjalo kwe-hormonal kubizwa ngokuthi "umphumela we-rebound", ovame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukungazali.

Ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu zokuthatha izinto zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo, ukwesulwa kwazo ngaphandle kokwehluleka kuzoqala ukugqugquzela ukuvuthwa kweqanda nokukhululwa kwamahomoni omzimba wesifazane. Akubandakanyi ushintsho kubude bomjikelezo, noma ukubambezeleka kokuya esikhathini kwemijikelezo eminingana, okwenzeka ngokungajwayelekile.

Kunoma yikuphi, udokotela wezifo zabesifazane kufanele asize ukukhetha izisu zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo ngemva kokuhlolwa okuphelele. Uma, ngokumelene nesizinda sokuhoxiswa kwalezi zidakamizwa, owesifazane ebona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingathandeki kuye, ukukhalaza kuchwepheshe kuyimpoqo.

I-Antidepressant withdrawal syndrome

Ama-antidepressants yizidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukukhulula umuntu ekucindezelekeni. Banemiphumela eminingi emihle, ukusetshenziswa kwabo okusakazekile emisebenzini yengqondo kufanelekile ngokugcwele. Imithi kuleli qembu ingathuthukisa ukubikezelwa kwabantu abanokucindezeleka okukhulu, futhi yenze kube nokwenzeka ukunciphisa inani lokuzibulala.

Kodwa-ke, i-antidepressant withdrawal syndrome yisimo esiyinkimbinkimbi esidinga ukuqondisa nokulungiswa kodokotela. Imvamisa, lesi sifo senzeka ngendlela engafanele yokudweba uhlobo lokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa zaleli qembu. Ngempela, namuhla ivila kuphela elingakuqedi ukucindezeleka - lezi yizo zonke izinhlobo zabaqeqeshi babaqeqeshi, kanye nezazi zokusebenza kwengqondo zemfundo, nezinyanga zendabuko, nabathakathi kanye nezinye izifundiswa eziningi ze-psyche yomuntu. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokucindezeleka, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wezengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo kuphela. Kuphela abakwazi ukunikeza ukwelashwa okwanele kwe-antidepressant futhi bakhethe uhlobo lwemithi ukuze kungabikho ukuhoxiswa kwe-syndrome ngemva kokuyeka ukwelashwa.

I-Antidepressant withdrawal syndrome isongela ngokuthuthukiswa kwezimo ezilandelayo:

• Ukwanda kobuthongo.

• Ukuvela kobuthakathaka bemisipha.

• Ukuvinjelwa kokusabela.

• Ukuthuthumela kwesandla.

• Ukulahlekelwa ukusebenzisana, ukuhamba okungaqinile.

• Ukuphazamiseka kwenkulumo.

• Ukuhluleka kwe-Urinary.

• Kwehlisiwe i-libido.

• Ukwanda kokudangala.

• Isizungu.

• Ukwephulwa kokuphumula ebusuku.

• Umsindo ezindlebeni.

• Ukweqisa kokuzwela imisindo, iphunga nezinye izisusa zangaphandle.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zifo ezingenhla zomzimba, umgomo oyinhloko - ukuqeda ukucindezeleka, ngeke ufezeke. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukuhoxiswa kwe-syndrome kungabangela ukuphazamiseka ekuboneni iqiniso kanye nokwanda kwemizwa yokucindezeleka.

I-alcohol withdrawal syndrome

I-Alcohol withdrawal syndrome iyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi yokusabela komzimba okwenzeka kubantu abaphethwe umlutha wotshwala ngemva kokwenqaba ukuphuza utshwala.

I-rehoxial syndrome ingase ifane ne-hangover, kodwa yinde ngesikhathi futhi inezici ezengeziwe ezengeziwe. Ukuphuza utshwala akusoze kwakhula kumuntu ongaluthathi utshwala. Akwanele ukuphuza utshwala isonto elilodwa ukuze kamuva kuthuthukiswe i-rehoxial syndrome. Isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kwakhiwe ukuncika kotshwala sihluka phakathi kweminyaka emi-2 neyi-15. Ebancane, lesi sikhathi sincishiswa sibe yiminyaka eyi-1-3.

Ngokuvamile, kuhlukaniswa amadigri amathathu obunzima be-alcohol withdrawal syndrome, okuyisici sesigaba sesi-2 sokudakwa ngokweqile:

1. Izinga lokuqala I-alcohol withdrawal syndrome ingabonwa ngemuva kwesikhashana esifushane sezinsuku ezingama-2-3. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umuntu uthola ukwanda kwenhliziyo, uhlushwa ukujuluka ngokweqile, futhi ukoma kubonakala emlonyeni. Kukhona izimpawu ze-asthenic syndrome ngokukhathala okwandayo, ubuthakathaka, ukuphazamiseka kokulala kanye nokuphazamiseka okuzimele (i-tachycardia, i-hyperhidrosis yendawo, ukuwohloka kwamandla).

2. Isiqu sesibili I-alcohol withdrawal syndrome yenzeka ngemuva kokuzitika isikhathi eside isikhathi esiyizinsuku ezingama-3-10. Izimpawu ze-neurological, kanye nezinkinga ekusebenzeni kwezitho zangaphakathi, zijoyina ukuphazamiseka kwemifino. Izimpawu ezilandelayo zomtholampilo zingenzeka: i-hyperemia yesikhumba, ububomvu bamehlo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okukhuphukayo, ukweqa umfutho wegazi, isicanucanu esihambisana nokuhlanza, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuquleka, ukuthuthumela kwezitho zomzimba, ulimi, izinkophe, ukuhambahamba. ukuphazamiseka.

3. Izinga lesithathu ukuhoxiswa kwe-syndrome kwenzeka ngemva kokuzilibazisa, isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto. Ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwe-somatic kanye ne-vegetative, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kubonakala, okuyinto kulokhu okufika phambili. Isiguli sihlushwa ukuphazamiseka kokulala, sihlushwa amaphupho amabi, avame ukuba ngokoqobo kakhulu. Isimo somuntu siyaphazamiseka, uhlushwa imizwa yecala, usesimweni esidabukisayo futhi esidangele. Uziphatha ngobudlova kwabanye abantu.

Kungenzeka futhi ukunamathisela izimpawu ezihlotshaniswa nokusebenza kwezitho zangaphakathi, ngoba ukuphuza utshwala isikhathi eside kuthinta isimo sabo ngendlela embi.

Ukuqala kabusha kokuphuza utshwala kuyathambisa noma kusiqede ngokuphelele isifo sokuhoxa. Ukwenqaba okulandelayo kuholela ekwandeni komtholampilo we-syndrome, futhi kwenza ukulangazelela utshwala kungenakuvinjelwa nakakhulu.

Ukwelashwa kwe-alcohol withdrawal syndrome kungaphakathi kwamandla we-narcologist. Iziguli ezinohlobo oluncane lwenkambo yokuphazamiseka zingathola ukunakekelwa ekhaya noma endaweni yokulaliswa esibhedlela. Ukulaliswa esibhedlela kuyadingeka uma kwenzeka ukhathala, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, imfiva, izinga lokushisa lomzimba, ukuzamazama okukhulu kwemilenze, ukuthuthukiswa kokubona izinto ezingekho, njll. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo ngendlela ye-schizophrenia, ukucindezeleka kotshwala kanye ne-manic-depressive psychosis nakho kuyingozi.

Ezimweni ezibucayi, i-alcohol withdrawal syndrome ixazulula ngokwayo, ngokwesilinganiso, ngemva kwezinsuku eziyi-10. Inkambo yokuzila kakhulu incike ekuqineni kwe-somatic pathology, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo nokuzimela.

i-nicotine withdrawal syndrome

I-Nicotine withdrawal syndrome yenzeka lapho umuntu eyeka ukubhema. Inqubo yokuhlanzwa okuphelele komzimba ihlala izinyanga ezi-3 futhi ibizwa ngokuthi i-nicotine detoxification.

Ukuyeka ukubhema akuholeli nje kuphela ekuhluphekeni kwengqondo, kodwa futhi nasekuhluphekeni ngokomzimba futhi kubonakaliswa kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Kunesifiso esinamandla sokubhema ugwayi.

• Umuntu uzwa umuzwa wokungezwani, ukucasuka, uyakwazi ukukhombisa ulaka olungenangqondo.

• Akubandakanyi ukuthuthukiswa kokucindezeleka, ukuvela kwemizwa yokukhathazeka nokukhathazeka.

• Ukugxila kuyahlupheka.

• Ukulala ebusuku kuyaphazamiseka.

• Kungase kube nomuzwa wokucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukungezwa kwamakhaza kanye nesiyezi.

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuba njalo, ukuphefumula, ukujuluka kuyanda. Abantu bakhala ngokuthi abanawo umoya owanele.

Izinga lobunzima be-nicotine withdrawal syndrome lincike ezicini zomuntu ngamunye, kumlingiswa wakhe, ngesikhathi sokuba khona komkhuba omubi. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngomzamo wokubhekana nomuzwa wokungakhululeki ngokwengqondo, abantu baqala ukudla kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela bacindezele isifiso sokubhema ugwayi. Lokhu kungaholela ekuzuzeni isisindo. Ngakho-ke, ukudla kufanele kuhlelwe ngendlela efanele, futhi ukudla okungena esikhundleni akufanele kukhethwe ngamakhalori. Kungcono uma kuyizithelo noma imifino.

Ukuhoxiswa kwenzeka esikhathini esingangehora ngemva kokuba i-nicotine ingangeni egazini. Lokhu kuvezwa isifiso sokubhema ugwayi omusha. Ayinamandla kakhulu ezigabeni zokuqala, kodwa iyangenelela impela. Umuzwa wokungakhululeki ukhula kancane kancane, ngemuva kwamahora angu-8 ukucasuka, ukukhathazeka kuyanda, ubunzima bokujoyina ukugxila. Inani eliphakeme le-nicotine withdrawal syndrome liyakhula ngosuku lwesithathu ngemva kokuyeka ukubhema. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, ukuwohloka kancane kancane kokudonsa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesimo kuqala. Ngemva kwenyanga, izimpawu ezingafunwa ziyancipha, nakuba isifiso sokubhema ugwayi singase sihlale isikhathi eside.

Ukuze unciphise isimo sakho siqu, udinga ukwazi ukuphazamiseka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukuthola umsebenzi othakazelisayo ovumela ukuthi ungagxili emicabangweni ngogwayi. Ochwepheshe batusa ukulandela uhlelo lokuphuza, ukuphefumula ngokujulile, ukudlala imidlalo, ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi ngaphandle.

Kubalulekile ukuthi abantu abaseduze bazwelane nesinqumo somuntu sokuyeka umkhuba omubi futhi singamgqugquzeli ukuthi aphinde abheme. Ukunciphisa izimpawu zokuhoxiswa kwe-nicotine, ama-patches ahlukahlukene angasetshenziswa, noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-nicotinic receptor antagonists. Nokho, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yiluphi usizo, kufanele uthintane nochwepheshe.