The tinnitus kukhona imisindo "ye-parasitic". ukuthi umuntu ezwa ngaphandle kwalezi ezikhona ngempela. Kungaba ukuhayiza, ukubhayiza noma ukuchofoza, isibonelo. Zingabonakala endlebeni eyodwa noma kuzo zombili, kodwa futhi zibonakala zikhona ngaphakathi kwekhanda ngokwalo, ngaphambili noma ngemuva. I-tinnitus ingaba ngezikhathi ezithile, isikhashana, noma iqhubeke. Zibangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lwezinzwa oluzwayo. Lokhu yi uphawu okungaba nezimbangela eziningi.

Un i-tinnitus yesikhashana kungenzeka ngemva kokuchayeka emculweni onomsindo kakhulu, isibonelo. Ngokuvamile ixazulula ngaphandle kokungenelela. Leli shidi linikezelwe i-tinnitus engapheli, okusho ukuthi kulabo abaphikelelayo futhi okungase kucasule kakhulu labo abathintekayo. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, i-tinnitus ayinawo umthelela obalulekile kukhwalithi yokuphila.

Ukuvama

Ngokuvamile, kulinganiselwa ukuthi 10% kuya ku-18% wabantu uhlushwa i-tinnitus. Isilinganiso singama-30% kubantu abadala. Kusukela ku-1% kuya ku-2% wabantu abathinteka kakhulu.

E-Quebec, cishe abantu abangu-600 kukholakala ukuthi bathintwa yile nkinga, i-000 kubo ibucayi kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezidlali zomculo womuntu siqu kanye nezidlali ze-MP60 entsheni kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka ngokwanda kokwanda kokwanda kwabantu esikhathini esimaphakathi.

izinhlobo

Kunezigaba ezi-2 eziyinhloko ze-tinnitus.

I-tinnitus yenjongo. Ezinye zazo zingalalelwa udokotela noma uchwepheshe abonisane naye, njengoba ebangelwa ukuphazamiseka, isibonelo, okwenza ukugeleza kwegazi kuzwakale. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingabonakaliswa "ngokuchofoza" okuphindaphindiwe, ngezinye izikhathi okuhlobene nokunyakaza okungavamile kwemisipha yendlebe, labo abaseduze nawe abangakuzwa. Azivamile, kodwa ngokuvamile imbangela iyabonakala futhi singase singenelele futhi selaphe isiguli.

I-tinnitus esetshenzisiwe. Ezimweni zabo, umsindo uzwakala kuphela ngumuntu othintekayo. Lawa ama-tinnitus avame kakhulu: amelela 95% wamacala. Izimbangela zabo kanye nezimpawu zomzimba aziqondakali kahle okwamanje, kunzima kakhulu ukwelapha kune-tinnitus eqondile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, singathuthukisa i ukubekezelelana yesiguli kule misindo yangaphakathi.

Amandla e-tinnitus ayahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu ngamunye. Abanye abantu abathinteki kakhulu futhi abaxoxi. Abanye bezwa imisindo ngaso sonke isikhathi, okungase kuthinte izinga lokuphila kwabo.

Amanothi. Uma uzwa amazwi noma umculo, lokhu okunye ukuphazamiseka okubizwa ngokuthi “i-auditory hallucination”.

Izimbangela

Lalela tinnitus akusona isifo ngokwaso. Kunalokho, kuwuphawu oluvame ukuxhunyaniswa nalo ukulahlekelwa kukuzwa. Ngokusho kweminye yemibono ebekwe ochwepheshe, "kuyisignali ye-phantom" eyenziwa ubuchopho ekuphenduleni umonakalo wamaseli endlebeni yangaphakathi (bheka isigaba se-Risk factor, ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe). Enye i-hypothesis ivusa ukungasebenzi kwesistimu yokuzwa emaphakathi. Kungase kuhileleke izici zofuzo kwezinye izimo.

Ngokuvamile, izici ezixhunyaniswa nokubukeka kwe-tinnitus yizi:

• Ngesikhathi asebekhulile, ukungezwa ngenxa yokuguga.
• Ngesikhathi abadala, ukuchayeka ngokweqile emsindweni.

Phakathi kwezinye izimbangela eziningi ezingenzeka yilezi ezilandelayo:

• Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwezinto ezithile izidakamizwa ezingalimaza amaseli ezindlebeni zangaphakathi (bheka isigaba se-Risk Factors).
• A ukulimala ekhanda (njengokuhlukumezeka kwekhanda) noma entanyeni (whiplash, njll.).
• Le ama-spasms umsipha omncane endlebeni yangaphakathi (imisipha ye-stapes).
• Ukuvinjwa komzila wendlebe ngu-a i-cerumen cap.
• Abanye izifo noma izinkinga :

  – Isifo sikaMénière kanye nesifo sikaPaget ngezinye izikhathi;

  - thei-otospongiose (noma i-otosclerosis), isifo esinciphisa ukuhamba kwethambo elincane endlebeni ephakathi (ama-stapes) futhi kungaholela ekuthulukeni okuqhubekayo (bheka umdwebo);

  - izifo zendlebe noma ze-sinus (izifo zendlebe ezivamile, isibonelo);

  - a isisu etholakala ekhanda, entanyeni noma kumsipha wokuzwa;

  - ukulungiswa okubi kwejoyinti ye-temporomandibular (okuvumela ukunyakaza komhlathi);

  - izifo ezithinta imithambo yegazi; zingabangela lokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-tinnitus ama-pulsatiles (Cishe u-3% wamacala). Lezi zifo, njenge-atherosclerosis, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma ukungahambi kahle kwama-capillaries, i-carotid artery noma i-jugular artery, zingenza igazi ligeleze kakhulu. Lezi tinnitus ziwuhlobo lwenhloso;

  - i-tinnitus eqondile okungeyona i-pulsatile kungase kubangelwe ukungavamile kweshubhu le-eustachian, ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa noma ukufinyela okungavamile kwemisipha yomphimbo noma indlebe ephakathi.

Inkambo kanye nezinkinga ezingenzeka

Abanye tinnitus zizibonakalisa kancane kancane: ngaphambi kokuba zibe unomphela, zibonwa ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ezindaweni ezithule kuphela. Abanye bavela ngokuzumayo, kulandela isigameko esithile, njengokuhlukumezeka komsindo.

I-tinnitus ayiyona ingozi, kodwa uma ishubile futhi iqhubekayo ingase iphazamise kakhulu. Ngaphezu kokubangela ukuqwasha, ukucasuka nokugxilisa ingqondo enkingeni, ngezinye izikhathi kuhlotshaniswa nokucindezeleka.