I-Acanthosis nigricans (AN) yisimo sesikhumba esibonwa yizindawo ezimnyama, ezijiyile zesikhumba esisibangelayo, ikakhulukazi emaphethweni entamo nasemakhwapheni. Le dermatosis ivame ukuba yingozi ngokuphelele futhi ihlotshaniswe nokukhuluphala, kepha futhi ingaba uphawu lwesifo esiyimbangela esifana nesimila esibi.

Ukubukeka kwezindawo ezimnyama, ezijiyile, ezi-rougher nezomile, kepha ezingenabuhlungu, kuyisici se-Acanthosis nigricans. Imiphumela yabo yombala ivela ku-hyperpigmentation (ukwanda kwe-melanin) nokuqina kusuka ku-hyperkeratosis (ukwanda kwe-keratinization). Iziqu ezinjengezinsumpa zingakhula. Lawa mabala angavela kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba, kepha athinta ngokukhethekile amafolda esikhumba, ezingeni lentamo, emakhwapheni, emgodini nasezingxenyeni ze-genito-anal. Zibonakala kancane kancane emadolweni, izindololwane, amabele nenkaba. Ukuxilongwa okuqondile kufanele kukhiphe umbono we-Addison's [[+ link]] odala imisebenzi efanayo.

Abaphenyi basola ukuthi i-acanthosis nigricans iwukusabela kokumelana kwesikhumba namazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-insulin, i-hormone ekhiqizwa amanyikwe alawula ushukela wegazi. Lokhu kumelana ne-insulin kungahlanganiswa nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukukhuluphala kanye nohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ngendlela yayo emnene, evame kakhulu futhi eyaziwa njenge i-pseudoacanthosis nigricans, Lokhu ukubonakaliswa kwesikhumba okuhambisana nokukhuluphala futhi kuyabuyiselwa ekunciphiseni isisindo. Imithi futhi ingaba imbangela yezinye izimo, njengama-hormone okukhula noma izindlela ezithile zokuvimbela inzalo zomlomo.

Ama-acanthosis nigricans nawo angaba wuphawu lwangaphandle nolubonakalayo lwesifo esiyisisekelo, esithule. Leli fomu elibi ngenhlanhla liyivelakancane ngoba isifo esiyimbangela sivame ukuvela sibe yisigaxa esinolaka: siyabonakala ezigulini ezi-1 kwezingu-6 ezinomdlavuza, okuvame ukuthinta uhlelo lwesisu noma uhlelo lwe-genitourinary. -okuhlinzwa. Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kwesiguli esine-AN enesifo sincishisiwe saba yiminyaka embalwa. (000)

Abesilisa nabesifazane bakhathazeke ngokufanayo futhi ama-acanthosis nigricans ingavela kunoma yisiphi isikhathi, kepha mhlawumbe lapho usumdala. Qaphela ukuthi abantu abanebala elimnyama bathinteka kaningi, ngakho-ke ukwanda kwe-NA kungu-1-5% phakathi kwabamhlophe no-13% kwabamnyama. (1) Lokhu kubonakala kwesikhumba kubonakala cishe engxenyeni yabantu abadala abanokukhuluphala okukhulu.

Lesi sifo asithelelani. Kunezimo zomndeni ze-AN, ezinokudluliswa okuphezulu kwe-autosomal (okuholela ekutheni umuntu othintekile abe nengozi engama-50% yokudlulisela lesi sifo ezinganeni zabo, amantombazane nabafana).

Ukwelashwa kwe-AN emnene kuhilela ukunciphisa izinga le-insulin egazini ngokudla okufanele, ikakhulukazi ngoba i-AN ingaba uphawu lokuxwayisa ngesifo sikashukela. Kunoma ikuphi, kuyadingeka ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wesikhumba uma kwenzeka kuvela indawo yesikhumba esimnyama futhi esijiyile. Lapho i-AN ivela kumuntu ongakhuluphali ngokweqile, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlolwa okuphelele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akuhlobene nokuba khona kwesimila okuyisisekelo.