Iviki eli-15 lokukhulelwa kusukela ekukhulelweni
Ukukhanya, umsindo, ukunambitheka - ingane ngeviki le-15 lokukhulelwa kusukela ekukhulelweni kakade ikwazi ukuphendula kubo. Sekuyisikhathi sokuthatha imfundo yakhe yobuhle: vula umculo omnandi wengane, khuluma naye

Kwenzekani enganeni emasontweni angama-15

Evikini le-15 lokukhulelwa kusukela ekukhulelweni, ikhanda nentamo yengane kancane kancane iqondisa ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwemisipha yangemuva. Umzimba wengane ukhula ngokushesha. Uma nje amajwabu amehlo akhe evalekile futhi izindebe zakhe nezindebe zakhe zamakhala zivulekile. Ingane ingakwazi kakade ukuncela umunwe wayo futhi igwinye i-amniotic fluid, futhi uma ibonakala imnandi kuye, izothatha isiphuzo esikhulu, futhi uma kungenjalo, khona-ke encane.

Izindlebe zengane zikhule ngokugcwele, ngakho-ke abazali bangakwazi ukuxhumana naye kakade, bavule umculo kuye, bakhulume ngezwe.

Uhlaka lwamathambo omntwana luya luhlala luqinile, uqwanga luphenduka amathambo, futhi kuze kube manje sekukhona angu-300. Ngemva kokuzalwa, eziningi zazo zizokhula ndawonye futhi inani lamathambo lizokwehla cishe ingxenye yesithathu.

Imiqumbe iyaqhubeka nokubumbeka. Baqala ukukhipha umchamo, ngenxa yalokho i-amniotic fluid ihlale igcwaliswa.

Ukunyakaza kwengane kuba matasa kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, omama abaningi asebenezingane bayakwazi ukuzwa ukunyakaza kwengane.

Kusukela ngesonto le-15, umntwana uqala ukwakha ungqimba lwamafutha, okuthi ngemva kokuzalwa luzomsiza ukuba alondoloze izinga lokushisa lomzimba elivamile. Ngokushesha, ngenxa yakhe, isikhumba sakhe sizoshelela futhi izitsha zizobonakala kancane.

I-Fetal ultrasound

– I-Ultrasound ye-fetus emavikini angu-15-16 ekhulelwe kusukela ekukhulelwe ibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwesibili. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-ultrasound ngalesi sikhathi ukukhomba ukukhubazeka kwe-fetus. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ultrasound isiza ukuzulazula isikhathi sokukhulelwa, uma zingakacaciswanga ngokugcwele, futhi ubale usuku olulindelekile lokuzalwa, kuchaza. udokotela wezifo zabesifazane uTatyana Mikhailova. – Futhi ngalesi sikhathi kakade kungenzeka ukunquma ubulili bomntwana, uma izitho zangasese zitholakala ukuze zihlolwe.

Ngaphezu kwedatha mayelana nokukhubazeka okungenzeka, i-ultrasound ye-fetus ngeviki le-15 lokukhulelwa kusukela ekukhulelweni izonikeza udokotela ulwazi mayelana nesimo sikamama ngokwakhe kanye "nendawo" yengane - i-placenta, isibeletho.

- Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound emavikini angu-15 okukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukuthola idatha ngesimo nendawo ye-placenta (isibonelo, isethulo esiseceleni noma esiphelele, lapho sihlanganisa i-os yangaphakathi yomlomo wesibeletho), ngobude bomlomo wesibeletho ( akufanele kube mfushane kuno-25-30 mm futhi i-pharynx yangaphakathi kufanele ivalwe). Ukufinyezwa komlomo wesibeletho ku-25 mm kakade kubhekwa njengokungaphumeleli kwe-isthmic-cervical, egcwele ukukhipha isisu, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvimbela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-fetus ultrasound izohlinzeka ngolwazi ngenani le-amniotic fluid; isimo sesibeletho nama-appendages (ukuba khona kwama-myomatous nodes nokukhula kwawo, ukwakheka okufana ne-tumor kuma-ovari), udokotela uyachaza.

Impilo yesithombe

Evikini le-15 lokukhulelwa kusukela ekukhulelweni, ingane isivele inkulu kakhulu - cishe i-12 cm ubude, futhi isisindo sayo sifinyelela kumagremu angu-100. Iyafana ngosayizi newolintshi elikhulu.

- Esikhathini esingamaviki angu-15-16 kusukela ekukhulelwe, isibeletho sesivele sishiya i-pelvis encane, futhi kwabesifazane abancane, isisu esiyindilinga siqala ukutholakala. Kodwa isisu esibonakala kakhulu sivela emavikini angu-18-20, noma ngezindinganiso zokubelethisa kusukela emavikini angu-20-22, kuchaza udokotela wezifo zabesifazane uTatyana Mikhailova.

Kwenzekani kumama emavikini angama-15

Ekuqaleni kwenyanga yesihlanu yokukhulelwa, abanye besifazane, ngokuvamile asebevele sebebelethile, baqala ukuzwa ukunyakaza kwemvuthuluka esiswini sabo.

- Evikini le-15 lokukhulelwa, ukunyakaza kwengane kusabonakala kancane, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane ukukhulelwa kwabo okokuqala. Kodwa umzimba ngamunye ungumuntu ngamunye, ngakho kungase kube nokuphambuka okuhlukahlukene kokujwayelekile. Ngokusobala, ukunyakaza kuqala ukunqunywa kusukela emasontweni angu-20-22 okubeletha, kusho udokotela wezifo zabesifazane uTatyana Mikhailova.

Isibeletho sikhula kancane kancane siye phezulu futhi siqala ukufaka ingcindezi eyengeziwe ezithweni zesisu. Ngokunyakaza okungazelelwe, owesifazane okhulelwe angase ezwe ubuhlungu obuvusa i-ligamentous apparatus. Lokhu akufanele kubangele ukukhathazeka kumama okhulelwe.

Ngeviki le-15 lokukhulelwa, abesifazane, njengomthetho, babeka isisindo kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-4,5 kilogram. Engeza kulokhu isisu esikhulayo kanye nesikhungo esishintshayo samandla adonsela phansi futhi sithola ukungalungi ukunyakaza. Odokotela batusa ukushintshela ezicathulweni ezikhululekile ngaphandle kwezithende eziphakeme.

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umntwana okhulayo udinga imisoco eyengeziwe, ngakho umzimba kamama usebenza ngendlela esheshayo. Ukuze ugcwalise amandla, phumula kakhudlwana futhi udle ngendlela efanele. Uma owesifazane okhulelwe engenakho ukuphikisana nokuzivocavoca umzimba, qala ukwenza isethi yokuzivocavoca kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ukuze uqinise imisipha ye-perineum futhi ufunde ukuphefumula ngendlela efanele.

Odokotela manje batusa ukuthi ulale ngomhlane izikhathi ezimbalwa. Isibeletho sanda ngosayizi futhi, endaweni ephansi, sicindezela emithanjeni yegazi ebalulekile, yingakho ingane ingase ithole igazi elincane nezakhi ezithwalayo. Funda ukulala ngohlangothi lwakho ngomcamelo ngemuva kwakho, lesi yisimo esiphephe kunazo zonke kule nkathi.

Imiphi imizwa ongayithola evikini elingu-15

Kwabesifazane abaningi, isonto le-15 lokukhulelwa kusukela ekukhulelweni, kanye ne-trimester yesibili ngokujwayelekile, kulula. Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukuhamba ngangokunokwenzeka futhi uphile impilo esebenzayo ngenkathi itholakala. Kodwa-ke, akukafaneleki ukusebenza ngokweqile kanye nokupholisa ngokweqile.

Imizwa umama angaba nayo evikini le-15 lokukhulelwa kusukela ekukhulelwe ngezinye izikhathi ihluke kakhulu.

  1. Ukujuluka kungase kukhule. Lokhu kungenxa yokwanda kwevolumu yoketshezi emzimbeni, akukho lutho oluyingozi lapha.
  2. Kungase kube nokukhishwa okuvela emgudwini wobulili, ngendlela, ngenxa yesizathu esifanayo. Uma ukukhishwa kuvamile, ngaphandle kwama-hues abomvu nephunga, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka.
  3. Kungase kwenzeke ukopha okuncane ekhaleni noma ezinsini. Futhi, igazi liyicala, ivolumu yayo iye yanda. Ukwanda kokujikeleza kwegazi kwandisa umthwalo emithanjeni, kuhlanganise nezinsini kanye nezono, ngakho-ke ukuphuma kwegazi.
  4. Isifiso esivamile sokuya endlini yangasese, esingabekezelelwa kuphela.
  5. Ukuqunjelwa, njengoba isibeletho esikhulayo singacindezela amathumbu.

Abanye omama bayaqaphela ukuthi baqala ukubona amaphupho amaningi. Odokotela bachaza lokhu ngokuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe bavele bavuke kaningi - bayosebenzisa indlu yangasese noma ngenxa yokuquleka - okusho ukuthi uma belele babona iphupho elisha. Kwesinye isikhathi amaphupho angenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko ezingokomzimba nezingokomzwelo emzimbeni.

Monthly

Igazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akusho ukuthi kukhona okubi, kodwa ukuphuma kwegazi kungase kuhluke. Uma ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, ukubonakala okuncane kungokwemvelo futhi kuvame ukubonwa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwengane, khona-ke ku-trimester yesibili ngokuvamile ayenzeki ngokujwayelekile.

Kungase kube nokuphuma okubomvu okukhanyayo kumafinyila nokuphuma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane okuvela ngemva kocansi. Ikakhulukazi uma owesifazane enokuguguleka komlomo wesibeletho. Lesi akusona isizathu sokwethuka, ulwelwesi lwamafinyila lowesifazane okhulelwe luba sengozini kakhulu, lonakaliswe kalula. Khumbula ukuthi igazi ngalesi sikhathi lingavela ekhaleni, futhi kusukela ezinsinini, okufanayo kusebenza nasesithweni sangasese?

Enye into uma ukuphuma kwegazi kugcwele futhi kuhambisana nobuhlungu kanye nomuzwa we-petrification esibelethweni, ngezimpawu ezinjalo kungcono ukubiza i-ambulensi ngokushesha.

Isisu esibuhlungu

– Njengoba isibeletho siqhubeka sikhula, owesifazane angase aqhubeke ezwa ubunzima obuthile ngaphansi kwesisu nasemaceleni. Abesifazane abaningi bayasesaba lesi simo futhi basithatha njengosongo lokuphazamiseka. Ngalesi sikhathi, kakade kungenzeka ukuzwa isibeletho futhi uhlole ithoni yaso. Lokhu kwenziwa elele. Uma isibeletho sithambile futhi ubude bomlomo wesibeletho bungaphezu kuka-30 mm, i-os yangaphakathi ivaliwe, khona-ke imizwa ezithobayo yobunzima engezansi kwesisu ayibhekwa njengosongo lokuphazamiseka. Okunye ubuhlungu emaceleni kungase kube ngenxa yokwephuka kwemigqa eyindilinga yesibeletho. Uma izinkinga zamathumbu zingabandakanyi, - kuchaza i-obstetrician-gynecologist uTatyana Mikhailova.

bonisa okuningi

Ukukhishwa okunsundu

Noma yikuphi ukukhishwa okunophawu lwegazi elikhona kuwo kufanele kuxoxwe nodokotela okhona. Ngezinye izikhathi, njengoba sibhale ngenhla, igazi lingavela ngenxa yokuthi i-mucosa yangasese iba sengozini yokulimala. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu, ukukhishwa ngokuvamile kuba pink pink. Ukukhishwa okunsundu, ikakhulukazi okugcwele futhi okubuhlungu, kungasho izinkinga ezinkulu, njengokuphuma kwe-placenta.

Kuhambisana, njengomthetho, hhayi kuphela ngokubona noma ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu, kodwa futhi nokudonsa ubuhlungu esibelethweni, kanye nokuphambana okuvamile "okuhlinzeka" emhlane. Ngezimpawu ezinjalo, kungcono ukubiza i-ambulensi.

Ukukhishwa okunsundu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungase kubonise ukutheleleka okukhona noma ukulimala esithweni sangasese, ukuphuphuma kwesisu noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile

Kuyingozi kangakanani ukucindezeleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ingenakugwenywa?

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukuhlala uzolile futhi unethemba. Kodwa ungethuki ngoba unovalo. Ukuphazamiseka okuncane ngeke kuthinte impilo yengane nganoma iyiphi indlela, ukucindezeleka isikhathi eside kuphela kungabangela ingozi.

Kuyacaca ukuthi emsebenzini, futhi ngempela emphakathini, ukucindezeleka akunakugwenywa, kodwa umama angafunda ukulawula ukusabela kwakhe. Uma uzithola usesimweni esicindezelayo, ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nengxoxo enzima nabaphathi bakho, khumbula ukuphefumula, ukuhogela umoya ngokuzothile nokukhipha umoya izikhathi eziningana, qondisa amahlombe akho nomhlane, uphumule imisipha ehlala iqinile phakathi nokucindezeleka.

Lapho isimo sokucindezeleka ngokwaso sesiphelile, vala amehlo akho, uzicabange usendaweni ezolile. Hamba ngengqondo esihlabathini esishisayo noma otshanini opholile ngamazolo. Imizwa ejabulisayo oyitholayo ngalesi sikhathi idluliselwa enganeni. Kuhle ukucwila emaphusheni anjalo ngaphambi kokulala, khona-ke kuzoba nokuzola nokujulile.

Kungani abesifazane abakhulelwe bekhula emithanjeni ye-varicose nokuthi bangakugwema kanjani?

– Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa emzimbeni kamama, umthamo wegazi elizungeza emithanjeni uyakhula futhi ngenxa yalokho, umfutho wegazi kuyo uyanda. Ikakhulukazi iya emithanjeni emilenzeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda kwenani le-hormone progesterone kungenza buthaka izindonga zemithambo yegazi. Konke lokhu kuvusa imithambo ye-varicose. Ukukusiza ukuthi udlule ezinyangeni ezingu-9 ngaphandle kwemiphumela, gwema izimo ezimile. Ungahlali noma ume isikhathi eside. Uma kukhona ukuthambekela emithanjeni ye-varicose, vakashela echibini, usebenzise ama-douches ahlukile. Kusihlwa, lala phansi imizuzu eyi-10-15, uphakamise imilenze yakho ngama-degree angama-45 phezulu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi kufanele yini ugqoke amasokisi okucindezela.

Uma usuvele unemithambo ye-varicose, gwema ukugeza, ungalali ebhavini elishisayo isikhathi eside, shintsha ibhulukwe eliqinile namabhuzu ngento evulekile futhi uzame ukuhlala nemilenze enqamulayo kancane.

Ungawagwema kanjani ama-hemorrhoids ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

- Ama-hemorrhoids avame ukubahlupha abantu besifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangemva kokubeletha. Umama akakwazi ukuthonya ezinye zezizathu zokuthuthukiswa kwayo, kodwa ezinye ngokuphelele. Isibonelo, ngokuvamile abesifazane abakhulelwe babhekana nokuqunjelwa ngenxa yokuchayeka ku-hormone progesterone. Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa amathuba okuqunjelwa okungenani. Phuza uketshezi oluningi futhi ufake nokudla okune-fibre ekudleni kwakho. Ngemva kohambo ngalunye lokuya endlini yangasese, qiniseka ukuthi ugeza ngamanzi apholile, futhi ukhohlwe iphepha lasendlini yangasese.

Kungenzeka yini ukwenza ucansi?

Ukuphila kocansi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okuvamile kunomthelela kuphela ekusungulweni kobudlelwane obuqinile phakathi kwabazali, okuzodingeka kumntwana ongakazalwa.

Yiqiniso, isifiso sobulili singashabalala noma siphakame. Yiqiniso, ku-trimester yesibili izinzile kakhulu noma kancane, ngakho-ke azikho izithiyo zokududuza.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umsebenzi wocansi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa contraindicated eziningana izimo:

• uma kunezibonakaliso zokukhulelwa kwesisu okusongelwa noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi (izinhlungu zokudweba emathunjini aphansi nangaphansi, ukukhishwa kwegazi, ithoni yesibeletho eside);

• nge-placenta ephansi noma i-placenta previa;

• uma kukhona imithungo emlonyeni wesibeletho noma i-obstetric pessary.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka?

Evikini le-15 lokukhulelwa kusukela ekukhulelweni, impilo yomntwana ongakazalwa ivikelwe yi-immunity yayo. Uma ezinyangeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa, cishe noma yikuphi ukugula komama kungase kubangele izinkinga kumntwana, manje uvikelekile amasosha omzimba wakhe. Nakuba, yiqiniso, akufanelekile ukuba umama agule ku-trimester yesibili.

Amazinga okushisa alula, aze afike ku-38,5 degrees, cishe ngeke alimaze ingane yakho. Uma ukubekezelela ngokujwayelekile, bese unikeza umzimba wakho ithuba lokubhekana nomkhuhlane ngokwakho. Odokotela bayeluleka ukwehlisa umkhuhlane kuphela njengendlela yokugcina.

Esikhundleni salokho, kungcono ukulala kakhulu, ngoba ngesikhathi sokulala, amasosha omzimba asebenza ngamandla amakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokuvuka, phuza uketshezi oluningi, iziphuzo zezithelo, amanzi.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma idonsa isisu esingezansi?

Ukuzwa okunjalo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa akuyona into engavamile. Imigqa iyanwetshwa, futhi isibeletho siqala ukuzwakala ngemva kokuzikhandla ngokomzimba. Odokotela bayeluleka ukuthi baqale ukuyeka ukukhathazeka, balale futhi bazole, baphefumule ngokujulile.

Uma lokhu kungasizi, futhi unomuzwa wokuthi isibeletho sesifana netshe, kungcono ukuxhumana ne-ambulensi.

Ungadla kanjani ngendlela efanele?

Izintandokazi zokunambitheka kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ngezinye izikhathi zishintsha kakhulu, okwakubonakala sengathi kuthandwa futhi kujwayele, ngokuzumayo kuqala ukubangela ukunengeka. Kucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu kungenxa yokuntuleka kwezakhi, ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal, i-physiology kanye nemizwelo. Ochwepheshe batusa ukulalela izifiso zakho ngalesi sikhathi. Isibonelo, uma unxanela usawoti, kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa uketshezi futhi ufuna ukuwugcina. Into esemqoka ukuthi ungayidluli ngosawoti, ukudlula kwayo kuzoholela ekuvuvukeni.

Uma uhalela amaswidi, bese uzama ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka, ukucindezeleka kwengqondo noma ukuphazamiseka.

Uma ufuna ukunambitha ushoki - qaphela ukudla okucebile ku-vitamin D ne-calcium.

Okwesikhashana, ungafaki inyama ebhemayo nenhlanzi, isoseji, i-ham, ukudla okusemathinini namakhowe afakwe emanzini anosawoti ekudleni.

Gwema ama-carbohydrate asheshayo njengamaswidi nezithelo ezinoshukela. Uma uthanda, yidla ekuseni. Ungazami ukudla imifino kuphela. Yebo, zicebile nge-fiber, kodwa ukweqisa kwayo kungavusa ukuqunjelwa.

shiya impendulo