Isiswebhu seWillow (Pluteus salicinus) isithombe nencazelo

Isiswebhu seWillow (Pluteus salicinus)

• I-Rhodosporus salicinus;
• I-Pluteus petasatus.

I-Willow whip (Pluteus salicinus) isikhunta esiyingxenye yohlobo lwe-Plyutey nomndeni wakwaPlyuteev. Isazi se-Mycologist uVasser sichaza lolu hlobo lwamakhowe njengezinhlobo ezidliwayo, kodwa ezingafundiwe kancane. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, lo mbhali ofanayo uchaza leli khowe njengelihlobene nesibonelo saseMelika, futhi lichaza isiswebhu se-willow njenge-hallucinogenic. Ekubunjweni kwayo, kutholakale izinto ezimbalwa ezivusa ukuthuthukiswa kwemibono, kuhlanganise ne-psilocybin.

Incazelo Yangaphandle

Umzimba othelayo we-willow spit unemilenze yesigqoko. Inyama yayo ibuthakathaka, incane, inamanzi, ibonakala ngombala omhlophe-mpunga noma omhlophe, esifundeni somlenze kusuka ngaphakathi ikhululekile, lapho iphukile iba luhlaza kancane. Iphunga nokunambitha kungase kungabonakali noma kungabi namandla okungavamile.

Isigqoko sobubanzi sisuka ku-2 kuya ku-5 cm (ngezinye izikhathi - 8 cm), ekuqaleni sinesimo se-conical noma i-convex. Emizimbeni ethela izithelo evuthiwe, iba flat-prostrate noma flat-convex. Engxenyeni emaphakathi ye-cap, i-tubercle encane, ebanzi futhi ephansi ngokuvamile ibonakala. Ingaphezulu lekepisi lamakhowe lesiswebhu somnyezane liyacwebezela, linemicu emincane, futhi imicu inombala othize mnyama kunomthunzi oyinhloko. Umbala we-cap ye-mushroom echazwe ungaba greyish-green, brownish-gray, grey-bluish, brown noma ash grey. Imiphetho yekepisi ivamise ukucijile, kanti uma kunomswakama ophezulu iba yimithende.

Ubude besiqu sesikhunta buhluka kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-5 (ngezinye izikhathi ku-10) cm, futhi ububanzi buvame ukusuka ku-0.3 kuya ku-1 cm. Ivamise ukuba nokwakheka kwe-cylindrical, i-fibrous longitudinally, futhi ingase igqinsiswe kancane eduze nesisekelo. Isakhiwo somlenze silingana, ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela sigobile, sinenyama ebuthakathaka. Ngombala - omhlophe, ocwebezelayo, kweminye imizimba ethela izithelo ingaba nombala ompunga, omnqumo, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza okotshani. Emizimbeni yezithelo ezindala, amabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ampunga avame ukubonakala. Amamaki afanayo avela ngokucindezela okunamandla ku-pulp yamakhowe.

I-Mushroom hymenophore - i-lamellar, iqukethe amapuleti amancane, avame ukuhlelwa, okuqala abe nokhilimu noma umbala omhlophe. Izinhlamvu ezivuthiwe ziba bomvu noma zibomvana ngokubomvu. Ziyi-ellipsoidal ngobubanzi futhi zibushelelezi ekuthunjweni.

Inkathi yeGrebe nendawo yokuhlala

I-fruiting esebenzayo ye-willow slugs iwela esikhathini esisuka ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba (futhi lapho isikhule ezimweni zezulu ezifudumele, isikhunta sithela izithelo kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla sekwephuzile). Izinhlobo zamakhowe ezichaziwe zikhula ikakhulukazi emahlathini axubile navuthuluka, zithanda izindawo ezinomswakama futhi ziyingxenye yesigaba sama-saprotroph. Ivame ukutholakala ngefomu yodwa. Imivimbo ye-willow engavamile ibonakala ngamaqembu amancane (imizimba eminingana enezithelo ngokulandelana). Isikhunta sikhula emaqabunga ezihlahla awile, eduze kwezimpande, willow, alder, birch, beech, linden kanye nobhabhulini. Ngezinye izikhathi isiswebhu se-willow singabuye sibonakale ezinkuni zezihlahla ze-coniferous (kuhlanganise namaphayini noma ama-spruces). Iziswebhu zeWillow zisetshenziswa kabanzi eYurophu, eNyakatho Melika, e-Asia naseNyakatho Afrika. Ungakwazi futhi ukubona lolu hlobo lwamakhowe eCaucasus, eMpumalanga yeSiberia, eKazakhstan, Izwe Lethu (ingxenye yaseYurophu), eMpumalanga Ekude.

Ukudleka

I-willow whip (Pluteus salicinus) ingeyamakhowe adliwayo, kodwa ubukhulu bayo obuncane, ukunambitheka okubuthakathaka, okungaqondakali kanye nokutholakala okuyivelakancane kwenza kube nzima ukuqoqa lolu hlobo futhi ulusebenzisele ukudla.

Izinhlobo ezifanayo kanye nokwehluka kuzo

I-ecology kanye nezici ze-morphological zomkhonto we-willow zivumela ngisho nomqophi wamakhowe ongenalwazi ukuba ahlukanise lolu hlobo kwamanye amakhowe ohlobo oluchaziwe. Amachashazi amakhulu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ampunga abonakala ngokucacile emlenzeni wayo. Emizimbeni evuthiwe enezithelo, umbala uthola umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza okotshani. Kodwa zonke lezi zimpawu zingase zivezwe kancane, kuye ngendawo yokukhula kwemizimba ye-fruiting ye-whip willow. Yiqiniso, ngezinye izikhathi izibonelo ezincane ze-deer spit, ezinombala okhanyayo, zihlotshaniswa nalesi sikhunta. Ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kwe-microscopic, zombili izibonelo zingahlukaniswa kalula komunye nomunye. I-spit yenyamazane, efana nezinhlobo ezichazwe, ayinakho ama-buckles ku-mycelium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-spittles e-willow ahluke ku-spittles wezinyamazane okungenzeka kube noshintsho lombala obonakalayo, kanye nasemthunzini omnyama we-cap.

Olunye ulwazi mayelana namakhowe

Igama elijwayelekile lekhowe - Pluteus livela egameni lesiLatini, elihunyushwa ngokwezwi nezwi ngokuthi "isihlangu sokuvimbezela". I-epithet salicinus eyengeziwe nayo ivela egameni lesiLatini, futhi ekuhumusheni lisho ukuthi "willow".