Yiziphi izinhlobo zama roses ezikhona, ukuhlukaniswa ngamaqembu kanye nezigaba

Zonke izimbali zinhle ngendlela yazo, kodwa eyodwa igqama phakathi kwazo, ebibizwa ngokuthi “indlovukazi yensimu” amakhulu amaningi eminyaka. Umuntu angase angamthandi, kodwa akashiyi muntu engenandaba. I-rose iwubuhle obunephunga elimnandi obusibekela zonke ezinye izimbali ezisembhedeni wezimbali ngobukhazikhazi bayo. Esihlokweni sizokutshela umlando wokuvela, izinhlobo zama roses nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo okufanele ziqale ngazo.

Akuwona wonke ama-roses angenangqondo ekunakekeleni, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi le mbali enhle ikhula njengotshani. Izinhlobonhlobo ngayinye zidinga ukunakekelwa kwayo, ukunakekelwa komuntu ngamunye. Utshani kuphela obukhula kunoma yiziphi izimo. Kodwa ne-rose, nayo, ekuqaleni yakhula endle. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Origin

Into emangazayo ukuthi ama-roses ngokwawo ayizimbali ezingezona ezanoma yiluphi uhlobo noma uhlobo oluthile. Leli yigama elihlangene lazo zonke izinhlobo nezimbali zohlobo lwe-rosehip. Wonke amanye ama-rose avela ku-rose yasendle. Ezinye izinhlobo zavela ngosizo lokukhethwa kwemvelo, futhi lezo ezikhula emapaki kanye nemibhede yezimbali - ngendlela yokukhetha. Cishe, asikho nesisodwa isitshalo esavusa isithakazelo esikhulu kangangokuthi ososayensi bazama ukuzalanisa izinhlobo eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Owokuqala okhulume ngobuhle obungajwayelekile balesi sitshalo kwakuyisazi sefilosofi nesazi sezitshalo saseGreece Yasendulo - uTheophrastus. Wenza incazelo yezitshalo zasendle nezasengadini, wachaza inqubo yokunakekela ama roses nokutshalwa kwawo. Izinganekwane eziningi nezinsumansumane emhlabeni wonke zihlotshaniswa nerose. Ngisho neBhayibheli liyalikhuluma igama elithi “Jericho rose”, nakuba lingahlangene nembali esiyaziyo.

Umlando jikelele wemvelaphi yembali emangalisayo uneminyaka engu-5000. Izwe langempela lesitshalo alaziwa. Eminye imininingwane ithi yiChina, eminye ikhuluma ngePheresiya. Lapho i-rose ivela khona - ososayensi abafikanga ekuvumelaneni.

Ngokwemvelo, imbali enhle kangaka yayingenakunakwa. Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezimbali kanye nephunga elimnandi kwakhanga ongoti bobuhle. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abesifazane bemfashini eGibhithe lasendulo baye bageza ngama-rose petals. Futhi amaRoma asendulo aqala ukuyihlakulela. AmaGreki aqala ukukhulisa i-rose kusukela eNkathini YeBronze.

Uma uzibuza umbuzo othi "yini i-rose" ngokwe-etymology, igama lisibhekisa olimini lwesiLatini. Ulimi lwanamuhla lwesiRashiya luqukethe amagama amaningi abolekiwe. Kodwa i-rose ngesiLatini (rosa) nayo ayilona igama elizimele, kodwa livela olimini lwesiGreki lasendulo, kusukela egameni elithi "rhodon" - "rose tree".

Uma ufuna impendulo yombuzo: ingabe i-rose iyisihlahla noma isitshalo, khona-ke udinga ukuphendukela encazelweni ye-botanical, noma okungenani ubheke i-Wikipedia. Amanye ama-rose abukeka njengesihlahla ngempela, amanye abukeka njengezimbali eziqondile. I-rose iyingxenye ye-rosehip. Ngokubukeka, i-rose yasendle iyisihlahla esinamaqabunga. Ngakho-ke ama-roses nawo ayizihlahla.

izinhlobo

Izinhlobonhlobo zama roses zihlanganisa izimbali ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-30 ezihlukene ezinamameva nezingezona ameva. Kodwa mayelana nezinhlobo, udinga ukubhekisela kudatha eminingana. Enye yezimpendulo inikezwa yi-World Federation (kusukela ngo-1976). Ngokusho kwakhe, izinhlobo zama roses zihlukaniswe izigaba ezi-3:

1. Wild, wona ahlukaniswe abe ukukhuphuka nokunwabuzelayo. Zibonakala ngokuqhakaza okukodwa, hhayi ukunakekelwa okungaqondakali, ukuphakama kusuka ku-30 ​​cm kuya ku-2 amamitha. Lezi zonke izitshalo zohlobo lwe-Rosehip.
2. Ama roses amadala, ezihlukaniswe ipaki nengadi. Zazitshalwa kwaze kwaba ngu-1867. Zihlukaniswa ngokuzivikela okuhle, iphunga elimnandi nokuqhakaza okuphindaphindiwe.
3. Modern - Lezi izinhlobo ezifuywe ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kuka-1867. Zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amancane amaningana: ukukhuphuka, okujwayelekile (i-shrub), itiye le-hybrid, i-musk, njll. Izinhlobo zama-roses ngamaqembu amancane kanye nokwehluka kwazo kuzochazwa ngezansi.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwama roses njengamanje kusekelwe esimisweni sokuhlukaniswa ngamaqembu amancane. Izici eziyinhloko ziyacatshangelwa, hhayi umsuka ngezinhlobo. Ayikho impendulo eqondile yombuzo: zingaki izinhlobo zama roses ezikhona? I-World Federation ikhuluma ngabathathu. Uma sikhuluma ngamaqembu amancane, enye idatha ifunda u-9, 12, noma wonke ama-subgroups angu-15. Kukho konke lokhu, kunemibandela ethile yokuhlukanisa:

• Ngokwezinga lobunzima.
• Ngesimo sembali nesihlahla.
• Ngohlobo lokukhula.
• Ngokuqhakaza.
• Ngokuqokwa.

Incazelo emfushane eqondile yesitshalo: i-rose ingeyomndeni wama-rose, uhlobo lwe-rosehip. Isitshalo esingapheli, uhlobo lwe-shrub, olunameva noma olungenawo. Ama-roses awajwayelekile kokubili ngesimo nombala wawo, nangephunga. Zingaki izinhlobo zama roses ezikhona: cishe izinkulungwane ezingama-30. Kodwa inani lishintsha ngokushesha.

Ayini ama-roses ngamaqembu:

1. Ukugibela: ezaliswa eJapan, zineziqu ezinde neziguquguqukayo. Ngokukhula okuvamile kwesitshalo, ukusekelwa kuyadingeka. Izici zesici: usayizi wembali encane, ukuqhakaza okukodwa futhi cishe akukho phunga.
2. Ipaki: wehla ku-rosehip efuywayo. Zihlukaniswa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezimo zezimbali kanye nezimbali ezinde neziluhlaza.
3. Iwayini: ama roses anephunga elimnandi kakhulu kanye nezimbali eziqhubekayo. Elinye igama leqembu lisezingeni. Ihluke ohlelweni oluqinile lwezimpande, ukwakheka okulula. Izihlahlana zona zihlukaniswa zibe Izigaba ezi-3: ukukhuphuka kancane - ukuphakama kwehlathi kufika ku-3 m, ukugibela - kufika kumamitha angama-6 okugoqene - ubude besihlahla bungafinyelela ku-15 m, izihlahla azikwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa. Izimbali – ende futhi inala, kusukela ehlobo kuya kusithwathwa sokuqala. Isibonelo senhlobonhlobo ye-scrub rose: I-Parkland. Ifaka izimbali ezinkulu ezinomumo omuhle, imibala ehlukahlukene kanye nokumelana namazinga okushisa.
4. I-Multiflora. Kukhona elinye igama - I-Patio. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni zasengadini. Ihluke ngokukhula okuphansi kanye nezimbali ezinde.
5. I-Grandiflora. Zihlobanisa nama-park roses. I-rosewood ende yemvelaphi ye-hybrid. izimpawu: ukumelana nesithwathwa nesikhunta, iphunga elinamandla.
6. Itiye le-Hybrid. ingadi rose. Izimbali kuleli qembu zivame ukunikezwa ezitolo zezimbali. Ihluke ezihlahleni eziphansi, iziqu eziqinile kanye nokumelana nesithwathwa.
7. Floribunda. Ivele ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-20s. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kuyahlukahluka kusuka ku-0,5 m kuya ku-1,5 m. Iqhakaza lonke ihlobo nekwindla.
8. Abagibeli. Izimbali zasengadini. Idume kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi ngenxa yokumelana nesithwathwa nokuqhakaza okuphindaphindiwe. Lesi isitshalo esinesihlahla esinamandla namahlumela angamamitha ayi-5 aguquguqukayo.
9. Ikhava yaphansi. Ziyingxenye yezilwane ezinwabuzelayo. Ukuphakama kuncane, kepha ubude bamahlumela bungafinyelela kumamitha ama-3. Amahlumela enza uhlobo lukakhaphethi wama roses. Zihluke ngendlela engavamile yokumelana nembali nesithwathwa.
10.  Мokuncane (izimbiza). Ama-roses afanele imibhede emincane yezimbali noma ukutshala ekhaya. Izihlahla ezincane ezinamahlamvu aluhlaza. Itholakala noma ngaphandle kwama-spikes. Ziqhakaza lonke ihlobo nasekwindla.
11. isiZulu Izitshalo ezinamakha kakhulu zomsuka we-hybrid. Zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezi-2: ihlathi nokukhuphuka. Isistimu yezimpande enamandla.
12. Canadian. Ama-roses athandwa emhlabeni wonke. Lezi yizimbali ezinemibala ehlukahlukene, kusukela ekukhanyeni kuya kokubomvu okumnyama. Ukuqhakaza: ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekupheleni kwekwindla. Ayidingi indawo yokukhosela eyengeziwe ebusika.
13. UMusk. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, iphunga le-musky elibabayo livela ezimbalini. Kutholwe ngendlela exubile. Ubunye bohlobo bulele ekumeni kwamacembe. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kufika ku-2 metres. Izimbali zisetshenziswa ekuqhakazeni nasekuhlobiseni.
14. I-Polyanthus. Ifanele labo abangathandi spikes. Ema roses alolu hlobo, cishe awekho. Izihlahla ziphansi, zinezimbali ezincane. Kutshalwe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenhlabathi. Kodwa kunesici esisodwa esingajabulisi: ukumelana okubuthakathaka nezifo.
15. Ukuvuselelwa. Ibonakala ngokuqhakaza okuphindaphindiwe. Kuvele kuma-40s wekhulu leminyaka elidlule eFrance. Banokukhanga kwangaphandle, kodwa bangenangqondo futhi bavame ukuhlushwa izifo.

Eminye imithombo iphinde inikeze amaqembu:

1. I-Bicolor.
2. Iphunga elimnandi.
3. okungajwayelekile.

Ukubukeka kanye nesakhiwo

I-rose iyisitshalo esithakazelisayo ngokwayo. Eziningi zazo zinameva. Ukuba khona kwameva kuwukunanela kwesikhathi esidlule, lapho i-rose ikhula endle futhi ingakafuywa. Ababaningi abantu abaziyo, kodwa i-rose inezithelo ngaphezu kwezimbali. Yiqiniso, i-rose yasendle isetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke, kodwa ama-roses afuywayo awasemuva kakhulu. Isibonelo, izithelo ze-sinamoni rose zisetshenziselwa i-compote, ujamu noma ujamu.

ukubukeka

Lapho uqala ukubona isitshalo, into yokuqala ebamba iso lakho yizimbali nameva. Futhi ibukeka kanjani i-rose uma siyicabangela ngokuningiliziwe: kungaba isihlahla noma i-liana enwabuzelayo enezimbali. Indlela yokuphila eyinhloko ye-rose isihlahla.

Ukwakheka

Isitshalo esilinyiwe sinezici zaso ze-botanical:

• UBush: emincane noma isakazeka.
• Ukuphakama: kuncike ohlotsheni. I-Tea-hybrid - kufika ku-90 cm; i-polyanthus - kufika ku-45 cm; ibhodwe - kufika ku-35 cm, njll.
• Amagatsha: ezingapheli, izinhlobo ezimbili: eziyisisekelo futhi ngokukhula okuphelele.
• Amahlumela: minyaka yonke.
• Uyahamba: umumo omude noma ocijile.
• Isiqu: ukuphakama kusuka ku-10 kuye ku-80 cm ubude, ekukhuphukeni kuze kufike ku-5 amamitha ubude.
• Imbali: kusuka ku-1,8 kuya ku-18 cm ububanzi.
• Amacembe: kusukela ku-5 kuya ku-125. Mangaki amacembe ama-rose anawo kuncike ezingeni lokuphindaphindeka.
• Uhlobo lwempande: induku. Ububanzi bucishe bube ngu-3 cm.

Lapho ziqhakaza

Ayikho impendulo eyodwa embuzweni wokuthi ama-roses aqhakaza nini. Kuncike ezinhlobonhlobo. Amanye ama-rose aqhakaza entwasahlobo nasehlobo, amanye kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ekwindla, kanti amanye aqhakaza ehlobo kuze kube isithwathwa sokuqala.

Ihlala Isikhathi Esingakanani I

I-rose iyisitshalo esingapheli futhi, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, izojabulisa ukuqhakaza okuqhakazile iminyaka eminingi. Isikhathi sokuphila sincike ezinhlobonhlobo, ukumelana nesithwathwa nezinye izici. Izinqulu ze-Wild rose zivame ukuphila isikhathi eside.

Ukuthi i-rose ikhula kangakanani kuncike endaweni ekhula kuyo nezimo. Uma emva kokufakelwa kabusha, ngonyaka. Kuthatha iminyaka emi-3 ukuthola isihlahla esiluhlaza.

Izinhlobo zama-curly ziphila iminyaka eyi-100, ezitholwe ngokuxhunyelelwa - kufika ku-10, zikhula ngezimpande zazo - cishe 15. Isilinganiso sokuphila kwe-rose yiminyaka engu-20-25.

Umbala onjani

Uma ungazi ukuthi ayini umbala wama roses, udinga ukuphendukela ku-Wikipedia. Kukhona inhlanganisela yombala ejwayelekile. Kukhona okuxutshwe neminye imibala. Imvamisa azikho ezingaphezu kuka-2, kepha kukhona ama-roses anemibala eminingi, anenhlanganisela yemibala eminingana. I-spectrum yombala:

• Mhlophe.
• Okuphuzi.
• Okubomvu.
• Ipinki.
• Orange.
• Okuhlosiwe.
• UBrown.
• Imibalabala.

Bathi kukhona irozi elimnyama noma eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - lokhu kuwumbumbulu. Ukuze uthole lo mbala, kunezelwa udayi. Emvelweni, ama-roses amnyama naluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka awekho.

Care

Ungawanakekela kanjani ama-roses ukuze ajabule ngobuhle bawo isikhathi eside? Kuyadingeka ukulandela imithetho elula: amanzi njalo, unikeze ukukhanya nokugqoka okuhle. Amarozi atshalwa ngokuqala kwamazinga okushisa amahle.

Ukuze isitshalo simila, kufanele siniselwe kakhulu nsuku zonke. Kunconywa ukwenza lokhu ekuseni noma kusihlwa, lapho ilanga lingekho. Uma kungenjalo, ukusha kuzovela emaqabunga. Lapho i-rose ithatha izimpande, ukuchelela kuyehla kube kabili ngesonto.

Ukuvundisa okwengeziwe – ngezikhathi ezithile. Buka - Izinto eziphilayo kanye namaminerali.

Ukuthena: uma i-rose itshalwe entwasahlobo, khona-ke ukuthenwa kwenziwa ngaphambi kokutshala. Ngokuqala kwehlobo, ama-buds ayasuswa. Amaqabunga akufanele athintwe. Ehlobo, ngaphezu kokunisela, udinga ukukhulula, ukhula futhi umboze isitshalo. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokukhuthazwa kwezimbali.

Ekwindla, i-rose idinga ukulungiswa ubusika:

• ukunciphisa ukuchelela;
• susa ukukhulula;
• nquma amahlumela angavuthiwe;
• lungisa indawo yokukhosela enokuzivikela kumagundane.

Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zengadi yangasese

Cishe wonke umhlali wasehlobo, ngaphezu kwemifino nezihlahla, unama roses esakhiweni. Futhi akufanele babe sendaweni yokugcina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eziningi zazo zihambisana kahle nezinye izimbali, njenge-asters nama-peonies. Ama-roses ezweni asho ukuthi umnikazi uyayithanda ingadi yakhe futhi uyakwazi ukunakekela izitshalo.

Ukukhulisa ama-roses akulula. Abaqalayo abakwazi ukukhula ngokushesha isitshalo esingenangqondo. Ngenhlanhla, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi ezingenasizotha futhi ezizojabulisa noma yimuphi umlimi. Imaphi ama-roses angcono kakhulu engadini yangasese:

• Gloria Abanye. Uhlobo - itiye-hybrid. Ihluka ngezimbali eziminyene futhi eziluhlaza. Izimbali zinhle, ziphuzi. Ukuqhakaza - okuphindaphindiwe, ngesikhathi esisodwa (ehlobo). Ukuvikeleka kumaphakathi. Idinga ubusika.
  

  

• Super Star. Buka - itiye-hybrid ingadi rose. Iqhakaza iphunga elimnandi elikhanyayo. Ukuqhakaza okude - kusuka ehlobo kuya kusithwathwa. Imelana nesithwathwa, nokuzivikela okuqinile. Izimbali ziyi-coral ebomvu.
  

  

• I-Tornado. Buka - i-park rose. Iqhakaza isikhathi eside, kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuze kube yiqhwa. Umbala - obomvu. Iphunga linombala obabayo, ohlala isikhathi eside.
  

  

Roses Wabasaqalayo

Wonke umlimi wensimu cishe ufuna ukukhulisa i-rose yakhe, engaziqhenya ngayo. Kodwa ungaqala kuphi futhi kanjani ukukhetha? Lapho ukhetha, kufanele uthembele ezicini ezi-3: ukumelana nesithwathwa, inkathi yokuqhakaza kanye nokuzivikela komzimba. Uma kungenjalo, noma yiliphi iphutha lizovusa ukufa kwesitshalo. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqala ngokungenasizotha. I-roses engcono kakhulu yabaqalayo:

• I-Rhapsody in Blue. Uhlobo - floribunda. Izici: ukwanda kokumelana nesithwathwa, ukungatheleleki okuqinile. Izimbali - isizini eyodwa (ehlobo). Flowers – onsomi onsomi.
• Ezulwini Night. Izinhlobo - floribunda. Ubusika buqinile futhi buqinile. Izimbali ezinsomi ezikhanyayo ezinephunga elimnandi.
• Golden Emincane. Buka - ukugibela. Idume kakhulu kubo bonke abalimi. Ukumelana nesithwathwa nezifo. Izimbali – ehlobo, okuqhubekayo.
• Vanessa Bell. Imbali yesiNgisi eyimitha ubude enezimbali eziphuzi zikalamula. Ihluka ngokuqhakaza okuqhubekayo.
• Heidelberg. I-rose ebomvu ye-goblet. Ingatshalwa njenge-scrub noma umqansa. Akakwesabi ukugula nesithwathwa.

Isiphetho

I-rose iyindlovukazi yezwe lezimbali, ihlaba umxhwele ngezindlela zayo ezihlukahlukene nemibala. Futhi iphunga lizonqoba noma yimuphi umxhumanisi wobuhle.