Okuqukethwe
Maduze, inguqulo elandelayo ye-Excel 2016 ikulindile. Okwamanje, inguqulo yamahhala ye-Technical Preview ye-Office 2016 isivele itholakalela wonke umuntu ukuthi ayibuyekeze. Ake sibone ukuthi yini entsha futhi emnandi e-Redmond.
Ukubuka okuvamile
Njengoba ungabona esithombeni-skrini sangaphambilini, ukubukeka okuphelele kwesixhumi esibonakalayo akukashintshi kakhulu. Isizinda seribhoni siphenduke sibe luhlaza, futhi i-ribbon ngokwayo iye yaba grey, okuyinto, ngokubona kwami, inhle - ithebhu esebenzayo ingabonakala ngokucacile futhi i-ribbon ayihlanganisi neshidi, njengoba kwakunjalo esikhathini esidlule. I-Excel. Amagama amathebhu avalelise ku-CAPITAL - into encane, kodwa enhle.
Kuzilungiselelo Ifayela – Izinketho ungakwazi, njengangaphambili, ukushintsha uhlelo lombala lwesixhumi esibonakalayo, kodwa ukukhetha (njengangaphambili) ngesizathu esithile kubuhlungu ngokuphelele. Ngaphezu kombala oluhlaza okotshani nomhlophe, inguqulo emnyama empunga nayo inikezwa:
... kanye ne-jet emnyama:
Ayicebile ngohlelo olunabasebenzisi abayibhiliyoni emhlabeni jikelele ababuka amahora angu-5-10 ngosuku ngezinye izikhathi. Isekhona indawo yokuthuthukisa mayelana nokuklama, lokho kuyiqiniso. (Inothi lombhali: ingabe yimi ngedwa engikhathele yilo mklamo oyisicaba ongenabuso yonke indawo nasemaceleni?)
Umsizi
Kuvele inkambu ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla kwesikrini Umsizi. Lolu uhlobo lokuphindukuzalwa kwe-Paperclip edumile - injini yokusesha eyakhelwe ngaphakathi esheshayo yayo yonke imisebenzi namathuluzi e-Excel. Kulo mkhakha, ungaqala ukuthayipha igama lomyalo noma umsebenzi, futhi Umsizi ngokushesha inikeza uhlu lwamathiphu ongawasebenzisa:
Yiqiniso, kudinga ukwakheka okulula nokulungile namagama asemthethweni ("imigqa ye-spark", hhayi "ama-microdiagrams", njll.), kodwa kuyinto enhle. Abasebenzisi be-Novice abasesimweni "Ngiyakhumbula ukuthi kunomsebenzi, kodwa angikhumbuli ukuthi" kufanele bawuthande.
Ngethemba ukuthi esikhathini esizayo le nto ngeke nje ifune usizo, kodwa isekele ukufakwa kwezwi futhi iqonde i--language morphology - khona-ke ungakwazi ukutshela i-Excel ukuthi yini ofuna ukuyenza: “Yenza umbiko wekota ngesifunda futhi uwuthumele ku- mphathi!”
Izinhlobo ezintsha zamashadi
Isikhathi sokugcina iMicrosoft yengeza izinhlobo zamashadi amasha ku-Excel kwakungo-1997—cishe eminyakeni engu-20 edlule! Futhi ekugcineni, iqhwa liphukile kule nkinga (hhayi ngaphandle kwamaphendle anobungane kubathuthukisi abavela kumalungu omphakathi we-MVP, ngizokutshela imfihlo). Ku-Excel 2016, cishe izinhlobo eziyisi-6 ezintsha zamashadi zavela ngokushesha, eziningi zazo ezinguqulweni ezindala zingakhiwa kuphela kusetshenziswa izengezo ezikhethekile noma imidanso enethamborini. Manje konke kwenziwa ngokunyakaza okubili. Ngakho, ukuhlangabezana:
Ishadi Lezimpophoma
Amanye amagama: ibhuloho (ibhuloho), "izinyathelo", umdwebo wempophoma. Uhlobo lweshadi oluvame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlaziyeni izimali (hhayi kuphela) olubonisa ngokucacile ukushintshashintsha kwepharamitha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (ukugeleza kwemali, ukutshalwa kwezimali) noma umthelela wezinto ezihlukahlukene kumphumela (ukuhlaziywa kwesici senani). Ngaphambilini, ukuze wakhe umdwebo onjalo, kwakudingeka wenze i-shamanize noma uthenge izengezo ezikhethekile.
I-Hierarchical (Ishadi Lemephu Yesihlahla)
Uhlobo oluthile lweshadi lokubonisa ngokubonakalayo ukusatshalaliswa kwepharamitha ngesigaba ngendlela yohlobo "lwe-patchwork quilt" engunxande. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungasebenzisa izinga eliphindwe kabili lokuzalela izigaba (amadolobha angaphakathi kwezwe). Kulula ukuyisebenzisela ukubuka ngeso, isibonelo, inzuzo ngesifunda noma imali engenayo ngesigaba somkhiqizo. Ezinguqulweni ezindala, ukwakha ishadi elinjalo kwakunzima kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile kwakudinga ukufakwa kwezengezo ezengeziwe.
Ishadi le-Sunburst
I-analogue yohlobo lwangaphambilini, kodwa enokubekwa okuyisiyingi kwedatha emikhakheni, hhayi kumanxande. Empeleni, into efana nophayi ostakiwe noma ishadi ledonathi. Ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo ukusatshalaliswa, yiyo kanye le nto, futhi awusakhawulelwe kumaleveli amabili okuzalela, kodwa ungawahlukanisa abe amathathu (uhlobo-umkhiqizo-uhlobo) noma ngaphezulu.
I-Pareto (Ishadi le-Pareto)
Umdwebo wakudala wokubuka "umthetho wama-80/20" noma "umthetho we-Pareto", abaningi, engicabanga ukuthi, okungenani abawuzwile. Ngokujwayelekile, kwakhiwa ngokuthi "u-20% womzamo unikeza u-80% womphumela." Uma kusetshenziswa ebhizinisini, lokhu kulungiswa ukuze "20% yemikhiqizo yenza u-80% wemali engenayo", "20% yamakhasimende adala u-80% wezinkinga", njll. Kulowo mdwebo, inani lemali engenayo yomkhiqizo ngamunye iboniswa ngokubonakalayo. njenge-histogram futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, igrafu ewolintshi ibonisa isabelo esiqoqiwe semali engenayo. Lapho umugqa uwela khona u-80% (eduze kukaphayinaphu) futhi ungakwazi ukudweba ngengqondo umugqa oqondile ukuze uhlukanise izinto ezibalulekile (ngakwesokunxele kukaphayinaphu) kwezingabalulekile (ngakwesokudla kukaphayinaphu). Ishadi eliwusizo kakhulu lokuhlaziywa kwe-ABC nezinto ezifanayo.
Ibhokisi lamadevu (Ishadi le-BoxPlot)
Elinye igama elithi "itulo lokuhlakaza" noma Ishadi le-Box-and-Whiskers. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lweshadi olusetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwezibalo oluboniswa kusethi yedatha ngesikhathi esisodwa:
- i-arithmetic mean - cruciform notch
- median (50% quantile) - umugqa ovundlile ebhokisini
- amanani aphansi (25%) nangaphezulu (75%) ayimingcele engezansi nengaphezulu yebhokisi
- ukukhishwa - ngendlela yamaphuzu ahlukene
- inani eliphakeme nelincane - ngesimo samadevu
I-Frequency histogram (Ishadi le-Histogram)
Kusethi yedatha eshiwo, ibonisa inani lezinto eziwela phakathi kobubanzi obushiwo bamanani. Ububanzi bezikhawu noma inombolo yazo ingasethwa. Umdwebo owusizo kakhulu ekuhlaziyeni imvamisa, ukwahlukanisa nokunye okunjalo. Ngaphambilini, umsebenzi onjalo wawuvame ukuxazululwa ngokuhlanganisa izikhawu zezinombolo kumathebula e-pivot noma kusetshenziswa isengezo. Ukuhlaziya Iphakheji.
Umbuzo Wamandla
Isengezo Sokungenisa Idatha Umbuzo Wamandla, eyathunyelwa ngokuhlukile ku-Excel 2013, manje yakhelwe ngaphakathi ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kuthebhu Idatha (Usuku) yethulwa njengeqembu Landa futhi uguqule:
Usebenzisa amathuluzi aleli qembu, ungadawuniloda amathebula uye ku-Excel cishe kuwo wonke amafomethi amakhulu akhona esizindalwazi, i-inthanethi neminye imithombo:
Ngemuva kokulayisha, idatha etholiwe ingaphinda icutshungulwe kusetshenziswa Umbuzo Wamandla, "owukukhumbuza":
- lungisa izinombolo-njengombhalo kanye nezinsuku-njengombhalo
- engeza amakholomu abaliwe noma khipha angadingeki
- hlanganisa idatha esuka kumathebula amaningana iye kwelinye ngokuzenzakalelayo, njll.
Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuhlanganisa okuwusizo kakhulu kulabo abafaka ngezikhathi ezithile inani elikhulu ledatha evela emhlabeni wangaphandle baye ku-Excel.
Amatafula e-Pivot
Ithuluzi eliwusizo elinjengamathebula e-pivot kule nguqulo athole ukuthuthukiswa okuncane okubili. Okokuqala, kuphaneli enohlu lwezinkambu, lapho kwakhiwa isifinyezo, kwavela ithuluzi lokuthola ngokushesha inkambu oyifunayo:
Into ewusizo kakhulu uma kunamakholomu amaningi etafuleni lakho + futhi wengeze izinkambu ezibaliwe ezivela kuwena.
Okwesibili, uma ithebula le-pivot lihlungwa I-Slicer noma Isikali, bese uchofoza kabili kuseli enedatha ukuze "uwele" emininingwaneni, manje amapharamitha akhethiwe ezingceni nasezikalini ayacatshangelwa (ngaphambilini zinganakwa, njengokungathi azikho izingcezu , asikho isikali nhlobo).
Amathuluzi okubikezela
I-Excel 2016 ithole amathuluzi amasha wokubikezela amasha. Okokuqala, esigabeni Isitatimende (Izibalo) kukhona imisebenzi yokubala isibikezelo kusetshenziswa indlela yokushelela kwe-exponential:
- I-FORECAST.ETS – inikeza inani elibikezelwe ledethi ethile esikhathini esizayo kusetshenziswa indlela ye-exp.smoothing elungiswe ngesizini
- FORECAST.ETS.DOVINTERVAL – Ibala isikhawu sokuzethemba sesibikezelo
- FORECAST.ETS.SEASONALITY – Ithola isikhathi sonyaka kudatha futhi ibale isikhathi sayo
- FORECAST.ETS.STAT - Inikeza izibalo ezinemininingwane ochungechungeni lwezinombolo zesibikezelo sezulu esibaliwe
- I-PREDICT.LINEST - Ibala ithrendi eqondile
Ithuluzi elikahle lokwenza izibikezelo ngempukane selivele - inkinobho Ishidi lesibikezelo ithebhu Idatha (Usuku):
Uma ukhetha idatha yomthombo (izikhathi noma izinsuku namanani) bese uchofoza le nkinobho, sizobona iwindi elilandelayo:
Njengoba ubona, ungakwazi ukusetha kalula imingcele edingekayo yokubikezela kuyo futhi ngokushesha ubone umphumela ekumeleleni kwesithombe - kulula kakhulu. Uma ucindezela inkinobho Dala, bese kuzovela ishidi elisha, lapho imodeli yesibikezelo izokwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngamafomula:
Izinto ezinhle. Ngaphambilini, isibonelo, ekuqeqesheni ukubikezela, sakwenza lokhu ngesandla "kusuka" futhi "kuya" - futhi kuthathe isikhathi esihle kakhulu.
Futhi kule nguqulo, imisebenzi embalwa ejwayelekile yezibalo nezibalo ithuthele esigabeni Ukuhambelana (Ukuhambisana), ngoba esikhundleni sabo, kwavela “inzalo” yabo ephelele.
Iziphetho zokugcina
Ukubuka kuqala Kobuchwepheshe akukhona ukukhishwa, futhi mhlawumbe enguqulweni yokugcina sizobona izinguquko ezengeziwe nentuthuko. Kodwa, ngokusobala, akukho okungaphezu kwemvelo okufanele kulindelwe (omunye uzothi lokhu kungcono, mhlawumbe). I-Microsoft ipholisha ngamabomu izici ezikhona futhi kancane kancane yengeza ezintsha isuka kunguqulo iye kwelinye.
Kuhle ukuthi, ekugcineni, kuvele izinhlobo ezintsha zamashadi osekunesikhathi eside wonke umuntu ewalindile, kodwa sisekhona indawo yokukhula – amashadi ephrojekthi (Gantt, Timeline), amashadi esikali (“thermometers”), njll. izigcawu. Ngiphinde ngithule mayelana neqiniso lokuthi imigqa ye-spark ngabe yenziwe isikhathi eside hhayi izinhlobo ezintathu, kodwa ngokuphawulekayo ngaphezulu, njengasekuqaleni.
Kuhle ukuthi izengezo eziwusizo (Umbuzo Wamandla, I-Power Pivot) yakhelwe ohlelweni ngokuzenzakalelayo, kodwa-ke uzokwazi ukuphana ngisho naku-Fuzzy Lookup nge-Power Map. Ngeshwa, okwamanje.
Futhi ngokwami, ngiyaxolisa ukuthi ngeke sibone, kubukeka sengathi, enguqulweni entsha ye-Excel 2016, awekho amathuluzi athuthukile okusebenza nobubanzi (ukuqhathanisa ububanzi, isibonelo), noma ukuthuthukiswa kwemvelo yezinhlelo ze-Visual Basic (okuyinto ayikashintshwa kusukela ngo-1997), noma imisebenzi emisha efana ne-VLOOKUP2 noma Isamba ngamagama.
Ngithemba ukuphila kuze kube umzuzu lapho konke lokhu kuvela ku-Excel, kodwa okwamanje kuzodingeka ngisebenzise izinduku ezivamile.