I-angina pectoris, ebizwa nangokuthi yesikebhe yisifo senhliziyo esidala ubuhlungu besifuba. Lezi zinhlungu zivela lapho inhliziyo ingenawo umoya-mpilo kahle ngenxa yokuncipha komthambo wenhliziyo (okuletha igazi elinomoya-mpilo enhliziyweni).

Ukuqala kwe-angina kungase kuhlobane ukucindezeleka noma umzamo womzimba. Kodwa futhi kungenzeka, ngokungavamile, kwenzeke lapho uphumule.

Ubuhlungu obubangelwa i-angina pectoris ukucinana (umuzwa wokuthi isifuba sibanjwe a okuphambene, sisuke sikhuluma ngobuhlungu obucindezelayo), ukuqunjelwa noma ukusha. Lobu buhlungu, obungase buhambisane nokushaya kwenhliziyo noma ukuphefumula kanzima, ngokuvamile buyaphela ngemva kwemizuzu embalwa, lapho abagulayo belele phansi noma bephumule. Imithi ethile (trinitrin) ingasiza ekunciphiseni.

Ubuhlungu ikakhulukazi a isixwayiso : inhliziyo ikhombisa ukuthi ayinawo umoya-mpilo futhi isezinhlungwini. I-Angina ekugcineni iyisandulela senkinga yenhliziyo embi kakhulu ezayo, ikakhulukazi isifo senhliziyo (i-MI noma i-myocardial infarction).

Lapho kukhona i-angina pectoris, izingozi ukuhlasela kwenhliziyo, isibonelo, kuphakeme. I-angina pectoris ekugcineni ingaba yisigaba sokuqala se-coronary artery disease.

Ngakho-ke kuyadingeka, ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala, ukuqala ngokushesha ukuphumula kanye nokubonana ngokushesha nodokotela ojwayelekile, bese kuba udokotela wenhliziyo ukuze ahlolwe ngokuphelele. Lesi sakamuva sizoqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-angina ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo ezihlukahlukene zezokwelapha, thola izimbangela zayo futhi unikeze ukwelashwa uma kunesidingo.

I-angina pectoris akufanele inganakwa. Ukuqala kobuhlungu kufanele kuchazwe, izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zaziwa. Ukuphatha, ukuqapha kanye nokwelapha i-angina pectoris kusiza ukuvimbela ezinye izimo zenhliziyo ezimbi kakhulu. Ukwengeza, uma ubuhlungu buhlala noma bunamandla amakhulu, kubalulekile ukuthintana ne-SAMU (15 noma 112). Umuntu angase ahlupheke ngempela hhayi nge-angina kodwa kusukela infarct i-myocardium.

Ukuvama

I-angina pectoris iyingozi kakhulu evamile. Kungathinta ngaphezu kwe-10% yabangaphezu kwama-65s eFrance.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-angina pectoris

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-angina, ezinye ezinobuhlungu obudlula ngokushesha, ezinye zenzeka ngokuzumayo, ezingahlobene nokucindezeleka noma umsebenzi womzimba. Ngakho, kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-angina pectoris ukuzinza,izinhlungu zihlala zifana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuqina kwawo kucishe kufane futhi izici ezibangelayo ziyaziwa (ukukhuphuka izitebhisi ngokwesibonelo). Lolu hlobo lwe-angina, olungase lubangelwe ukucindezeleka noma izinga lokushisa elibandayo, ngokuvamile lubangelwa isifo esingelapheki se-coronary artery.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma kwenzeka i-angina pectoris engazinzile, izinhlungu zivela ngokuzumayo, ngaphandle kophawu oluyisixwayiso. Izinhlungu ezenzekayo zinamandla ahlukene. Lolu hlobo lwe-angina lubangelwa isifo esiyingozi se-coronary artery futhi alukhululwa ngokuphumula noma ngemithi evame ukuthathwa (lapho ukwelashwa sekuqalile kakade).

Kwezinye izimo, i-angina ezinzile ingaba yimbi kakhulu futhi ingazinzile. Izinhlungu ziba njalo, ziqine futhi zivele ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla okuncane ngokomzimba, isibonelo. Noma ubuhlungu buphendula kancane ekwelashweni kwezidakamizwa. Abathintekayo kulokhu ukuziphendukela kwemvelohamba kusuka emzamweni we-angina, kuya ku-angina ekuphumuleni, bese, ngezinye izikhathi, ku-infarction ye-myocardial.

kwesifo

Ukuqinisekisa i-angina, udokotela, ngemva kokubala izici eziyingozi zomuntu olandelwayo, angase anikeze a i-electrocardiogram nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Uzofuna ukuchaza umsuka wobuhlungu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-echocardiography kanye nokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kungase kudingeke, ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe i-x-ray yemithambo yenhliziyo (i-coronary angiography).

Izinkinga

Ubuhlungu obubangelwa i-angina pectoris bungaphazamisa imisebenzi ethile yansuku zonke futhi budinga ukuphumula. Kodwa inkinga engathi sína kakhulu isifo senhliziyo noma i-myocardial infarction, esengozini yokufa kungazelelwe. Kulokhu, i-artery yenhliziyo, i-coronary artery, ayisekho kuphela inciphile njengoba ku-angina pectoris, ivinjelwa ngokuphelele. Futhi lobu bungozi kufanele bucatshangelwe. Ngakho-ke isidingo sokuqapha kwezokwelapha kusukela ekuqaleni kobuhlungu bokuqala.

Izimbangela

I-angina pectoris ibangelwa ukungahambi kahle kwe-oksijeni kwemisipha yenhliziyo, yona ngokwayo evame ukubangelwa ukuncipha kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kuncipha emithanjeni ye-coronary kubangelwaatherosclerosis. Ama-Atheroma plaque (akhiwe ngokuyinhloko ngamafutha) kancane kancane akha odongeni lwezitsha futhi kancane kancane avimbele igazi ukuba lijikeleze ngendlela efanele.

Ezinye izifo zenhliziyo ezifana nokulimala kwevalvu yenhliziyo noma a i-myocardiopathy ingabangela futhi i-angina.

Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zenzeka emithanjeni yenhliziyo nayo ene-atheroma. I-angina ye-Prinzmetaldo ingelashwa ngokushesha ngoba ikubeka engozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.