Okuqukethwe
- Incazelo yezinombolo zemvelo
- Izici Ezilula zezinombolo zemvelo
- Ithebula lezinombolo zemvelo ukusuka ku-1 kuye ku-100
- Imiphi imisebenzi engenzeka ezinombolweni zemvelo
- Umbhalo wedesimali wenombolo engokwemvelo
- Incazelo yobuningi yezinombolo zemvelo
- Izinombolo zemvelo ezinedijithi eyodwa, ezinamadijithi amabili kanye nezinombolo ezintathu
- Izinombolo zemvelo ezinamanani amaningi
- Izici zezinombolo zemvelo
- Izici zezinombolo zemvelo
- Izici zezinombolo zemvelo
- Izinombolo ezingokwemvelo kanye nenani ledijithi
- Isistimu yezinombolo zedesimali
- Umbuzo wokuzihlola
Ucwaningo lwezibalo luqala ngezinombolo zemvelo nokusebenza ngazo. Kodwa intuitively sesivele sazi okuningi kusukela sisebancane. Kulesi sihloko, sizojwayelana nethiyori futhi sifunde ukubhala nokubiza izinombolo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngendlela efanele.
Kulolu shicilelo, sizocubungula incazelo yezinombolo zemvelo, siklelise izakhiwo zazo eziyinhloko kanye nemisebenzi yezibalo eyenziwa ngazo. Siphinde sinikeze ithebula elinezinombolo zemvelo ukusuka ku-1 kuye ku-100.
Incazelo yezinombolo zemvelo
integers - lezi yizo zonke izinombolo esizisebenzisayo lapho sibala, ukukhombisa inombolo ye-serial yento ethile, njll.
uchungechunge lwemvelo wukulandelana kwazo zonke izinombolo ezingokwemvelo ezihlelwe ngokulandelana okukhuphukayo. Okusho ukuthi, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, njll.
Isethi yazo zonke izinombolo zemvelo kuchazwe kanje:
N={1,2,3,…n,…}
N iyisethi; akunamkhawulo, ngoba kunoma ubani n kukhona inombolo enkulu.
Izinombolo zemvelo ziyizinombolo esizisebenzisayo ukubala okuthile okuqondile, okubambekayo.
Nazi izinombolo ezibizwa ngemvelo: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, njll.
Uchungechunge lwemvelo ukulandelana kwazo zonke izinombolo ezingokwemvelo ezihlelwe ngokulandelana okukhuphukayo. Ikhulu lokuqala lingabonakala etafuleni.
Izici Ezilula zezinombolo zemvelo
- Izinombolo ezinguziro, okungezona izinombolo (eziyingxenye) kanye nenegethivu akuzona izinombolo ezingokwemvelo. Isibonelo:-5, -20.3, 3/7, 0, 4.7, 182/3 futhi nokuningi
- Inombolo yemvelo encane iyodwa (ngokusho kwendawo engenhla).
- Njengoba uchungechunge lwemvelo lungapheli, ayikho inombolo enkulu kunazo zonke.
Ithebula lezinombolo zemvelo ukusuka ku-1 kuye ku-100
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
| 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 |
| 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 49 | 50 |
| 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 |
| 61 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 |
| 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 |
| 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 |
| 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 100 |
Imiphi imisebenzi engenzeka ezinombolweni zemvelo
- ukwengeza:
term + term = isamba; - ukuphindaphinda:
isiphindaphinda × isiphindaphinda = umkhiqizo; - ukususa:
i-minuend − subtrahend = umehluko.
Kulesi simo, i-minuend kufanele ibe nkulu kune-subtrahend, ngaphandle kwalokho umphumela uzoba inombolo enegethivu noma uziro;
- ukuhlukaniswa:
i-dividend: isihlukanisi = i-quotient; - ukuhlukanisa ngokusele:
i-dividend / divisor = i-quotient (insalela); - i-exponentiation:
ab , lapho u-a eyisisekelo sedigri, u-b eyi-eksponenti.
Yini izinombolo zemvelo?
Umbhalo wedesimali wenombolo engokwemvelo
Esikoleni, sidlula esihlokweni sezinombolo zemvelo ebangeni lesi-5, kodwa empeleni, izinto eziningi zingasicacela ngokunembile ngisho nangaphambili. Ake sikhulume ngemithetho ebalulekile.
Sisebenzisa izinombolo njalo: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Uma ubhala noma iyiphi inombolo engokwemvelo, ungasebenzisa lezi zinombolo kuphela ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi ezinye izimpawu. Sibhala izinombolo ngayinye ngayinye emgqeni ukusuka kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla, sisebenzisa ukuphakama okufanayo.
Izibonelo zokubhalwa kahle kwezinombolo zemvelo: 208, 567, 24, 1467, 899112. Lezi zibonelo zisikhombisa ukuthi ukulandelana kwezinombolo kungehluka futhi ezinye zingaphinda ziphindwe.
077, 0, 004, 0931 izibonelo zokuphawula okungalungile kwezinombolo zemvelo, ngoba uziro ungakwesokunxele. Inombolo ayikwazi ukuqala ku-zero. Lokhu ukumelwa kwedesimali kwenombolo engokwemvelo.
Incazelo yobuningi yezinombolo zemvelo
Izinombolo zemvelo zinencazelo yobuningi, okungukuthi, zisebenza njengethuluzi lokuthola izinombolo.
Cabanga nje sinobhanana 🍌 phambi kwethu. Singaqopha ukuthi sibona ubhanana ongu-1. Kulokhu, inombolo yemvelo 1 ifundeka ngokuthi "eyodwa" noma "eyodwa".
Kodwa igama elithi “unit” linenye incazelo: lokho okungabhekwa njengengqikithi. Ingxenye yesethi ingachazwa ngeyunithi. Isibonelo, noma yisiphi isihlahla esivela kusethi yezihlahla siyiyunithi, noma yiliphi iqabunga elivela kusethi yamaqabunga liyiyunithi.
Cabanga nje sinobhanana 🍌🍌 phambi kwethu. Inombolo yemvelo 2 ifundeka ngokuthi “ezimbili”. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesifaniso:
🍌🍌🍌 Izinto ezingu-3 (“zintathu”)
🍌🍌🍌🍌 Izinto ezingu-4 (“ezine”)
🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌 Izinto ezingu-5 (“ezinhlanu”)
🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌 Izinto ezingu-6 (“eziyisithupha”)
🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌 Izinto ezingu-7 (“eziyisikhombisa”)
🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌 Izinto ezingu-8 (“isishiyagalombili”)
🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌🍌 Izinto ezingu-9 (“eziyisishiyagalolunye”)
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wenombolo engokwemvelo ukukhombisa inani lezinto.
Uma irekhodi lenombolo lifana nenombolo 0, kusho ukuthi libizwa ngokuthi “ziro”. Khumbula ukuthi i-zero akuyona inombolo engokwemvelo, kodwa ingasho ukungabikho. Izinto ezinguziro zisho lutho.
Izinombolo zemvelo ezinedijithi eyodwa, ezinamadijithi amabili kanye nezinombolo ezintathu
Inombolo yemvelo enedijithi eyodwa iyinombolo enophawu olulodwa nedijithi eyodwa. Izinombolo zemvelo ezinedijithi eyodwa eziyisishiyagalolunye: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
Izinombolo zemvelo ezinamadijithi amabili yilezo ezinezimpawu ezimbili namadijithi amabili. Izinombolo zingaphindwa noma zehluke. Isibonelo: 88, 53, 70.
Uma iqoqo lezinto liqukethe eziyisishiyagalolunye kanye neyodwa ngaphezulu, sisuke sikhuluma ngeshumi eli-1 (“ishumi nambili”) lezinto. Uma ishumi elilodwa nelilodwa ngaphezulu, khona-ke sinamashumi amabili (“amashumi amabili”) nokunye.
Empeleni, inombolo enamadijithi amabili iyisethi yezinombolo ezinedijithi eyodwa, lapho eyodwa ibhalwe kwesokudla nenye kwesokunxele. Inombolo engakwesokunxele ikhombisa inani lamashumi enombolweni engokwemvelo, futhi inombolo engakwesokudla ikhombisa inani lamayunithi. Kunezinombolo zemvelo ezingamadijithi ezimbili ezingama-90 sezizonke.
Izinombolo zemvelo ezinamadijithi amathathu ziyizinombolo ezinamadijithi amathathu namadijithi amathathu. Isibonelo: 666, 389, 702.
Ikhulu liqoqo lamashumi ayishumi. Ikhulu nelinye ikhulu - 2 amakhulu. Ake sengeze amanye amakhulu - 3 amakhulu.
Ibhalwe kanje inombolo enamadijithi amathathu: izinombolo zemvelo zibhalwa ngokulandelana ukusuka kwesobunxele kuye kwesokudla.
Idijithi eyodwa engakwesokudla ikhombisa inani lamayunithi, elandelayo ikhombisa inani lamashumi, kanti eyokunxele ikhombisa inani lamakhulu. Inombolo 0 ikhombisa ukungabikho kwamayunithi noma amashumi. Ngakho-ke u-506 ungamakhulu ama-5, amashumi angu-0 kanye no-6 oyedwa.
Amadijithi amane, amadijithi amahlanu, amadijithi ayisithupha kanye nezinye izinombolo zemvelo zichazwa ngendlela efanayo.
Izinombolo zemvelo ezinamanani amaningi
Izinombolo zemvelo ezinamadijithi amaningi zinezinombolo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu.
I-1,000 iyisethi enamakhulu ayishumi, i-1,000,000 inkulungwane yenkulungwane, kanti ibhiliyoni eyodwa isigidi esiyinkulungwane. Isigidi esiyinkulungwane, cabanga nje! Okusho ukuthi, singacabangela noma iyiphi inombolo yemvelo enamanani amaningi njengesethi yezinombolo zemvelo ezinenani elilodwa.
Isibonelo, u-2 873 206 uqukethe: amayunithi angu-6, amashumi angu-0, amakhulu angu-2, izinkulungwane ezi-3, amashumi ezinkulungwane eziyisi-7, amakhulu ezinkulungwane eziyisi-8 kanye nezigidi ezimbili.
Zingaki izinombolo zemvelo ezikhona?
Idijithi eyodwa 9, enamadijithi amabili 90, enamadijithi amathathu 900, njll.
Izici zezinombolo zemvelo
Sesiyazi mayelana nezici zezinombolo zemvelo. Futhi manje ake sikhulume ngezakhiwo zabo ngokuningiliziwe:
Incazelo yenombolo engokwemvelo
Izinombolo zemvelo ziyizinombolo esizisebenzisayo ukubala okuthile okuqondile, okubambekayo.
Nazi izinombolo ezibizwa ngemvelo: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, njll.
Uchungechunge lwemvelo ukulandelana kwazo zonke izinombolo ezingokwemvelo ezihlelwe ngokulandelana okukhuphukayo. Ikhulu lokuqala lingabonakala etafuleni.
Izici zezinombolo zemvelo
Inombolo yemvelo encane kunazo zonke: eyodwa (1).
Inombolo yemvelo enkulu kakhulu: ayikho. Uchungechunge lwemvelo alupheli.
Ochungechungeni lwemvelo, inombolo ngayinye elandelayo inkulu kuneyangaphambili ngayinye: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, njll.
Isethi yazo zonke izinombolo zemvelo ngokuvamile ichazwa ngohlamvu lwesiLatini uN.
Imiphi imisebenzi engenzeka ezinombolweni zemvelo
ukwengeza:
term + term = isamba;
ukuphindaphinda:
isiphindaphinda × isiphindaphinda = umkhiqizo;
ukususa:
i-minuend − subtrahend = umehluko.
Kulesi simo, i-minuend kufanele ibe nkulu kune-subtrahend, ngaphandle kwalokho umphumela uzoba inombolo enegethivu noma uziro;
ukuhlukaniswa:
i-dividend: isihlukanisi = i-quotient;
ukuhlukanisa ngokusele:
i-dividend / divisor = i-quotient (insalela);
i-exponentiation:
ab , lapho u-a eyisisekelo sedigri, u-b eyi-eksponenti.
Bhalisela izifundo zezibalo zabafundi abavela ebangeni loku-1 kuye kwele-11!
Xazulula umsebenzi wesikole wezibalo izikhathi ezi-5.
Izixazululo ezinemininingwane zizosiza ukuqonda isihloko esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Thola
Izici zezinombolo zemvelo
Sesiyazi mayelana nezici zezinombolo zemvelo. Futhi manje ake sikhulume ngezakhiwo zabo ngokuningiliziwe:
- isethi yezinombolo ezingokwemvelo ezingapheli futhi iqala kweyodwa (1)
- inombolo ngayinye engokwemvelo ilandelwa enye ingaphezu kweyangaphambili ngo-1
- umphumela wokuhlukanisa inombolo engokwemvelo ngenombolo eyodwa (1) yona ngokwayo: 5 : 1 = 5
- umphumela wokuhlukanisa inombolo engokwemvelo ngokwayo iyunithi (1): 6 : 6 = 1
- umthetho oguquguqukayo wokwengeza ovela ekuhlelweni kabusha kwezindawo zemigomo, isamba asishintshi: 4 + 3 = 3 + 4
- Umthetho wokuhlanganisa wokwengeza umphumela wokwengeza amagama amaningana awuncikile kuhlelo lokusebenza: (2 + 3) + 4 = 2 + (3 + 4)
- Umthetho oguqukayo wokuphindaphinda kusukela ekuvunyelweni kwezindawo zezinto, umkhiqizo ngeke ushintshe: 4 × 5 = 5 × 4
- umthetho wokuhlanganisa wokuphindaphinda umphumela womkhiqizo wezici awuncikile kuhlelo lokusebenza; okungenani ungathanda lokhu, okungenani kanjalo: (6 × 7) × 8 = 6 × (7 × 8)
- Umthetho wokusabalalisa wokuphindaphinda mayelana nokwengeza ukuze uphindaphinde isamba ngenombolo, udinga ukuphindaphinda ithemu ngayinye ngale nombolo bese wengeza imiphumela: 4 × (5 + 6) = 4 × 5 + 4 × 6
- umthetho wokusabalalisa wokuphindaphinda maqondana nokususa ukuze uphindaphinde umehluko ngenombolo, ungaphindaphinda ngale nombolo ngokwehlukana kuncishiswe futhi kukhishwe, bese ukhipha owesibili emkhiqizweni wokuqala: 3 × (4 − 5) = 3 × 4 − 3 × 5
- Umthetho wokusabalalisa wokuhlukanisa maqondana nokwengeza ukuze uhlukanise isamba ngenombolo, ungahlukanisa ithemu ngayinye ngale nombolo bese wengeza imiphumela: (9 + 8) : 3 = 9 : 3 + 8: 3
- umthetho wokusabalalisa wokuhlukanisa maqondana nokukhipha ukuze uhlukanise umehluko ngenombolo, ungahlukanisa ngale nombolo kuqala uncishiswe, bese ukhipha, futhi ukhiphe owesibili emkhiqizweni wokuqala: (5 − 3) : 2 = 5: 2 - 3 :2
Izinombolo ezingokwemvelo kanye nenani ledijithi
Khumbula ukuthi indawo lapho idijithi emi khona kwirekhodi lenombolo incike enanini layo. Ngakho, isibonelo, 1123 iqukethe: 3 amayunithi, 2 amashumi, 1 ikhulu, 1 inkulungwane. Ngasikhathi sinye, singayakha ngendlela ehlukile futhi sithi enombolweni enikeziwe 1123, inombolo 3 itholakala kumadijithi amayunithi, 2 kwidijithi yamashumi, 1 kumadijithi angamakhulu, futhi 1 isebenza njengenani lezinkulungwane. idijithi.
Idijithi indawo, indawo yedijithi ekubhalweni kwenombolo yemvelo.
Isigaba ngasinye sinegama laso. Amadijithi abaluleke kakhulu ahlala engakwesobunxele, futhi amadijithi angabalulekile ahlala engakwesokudla. Ukuze ukhumbule ngokushesha, ungasebenzisa ithebula.
Inani lamadijithi lihlala lihambisana nenani lezinhlamvu ezinombolweni. Leli thebula linamagama awo wonke amadijithi enamba enezinhlamvu eziyi-15. Amadijithi alandelayo nawo anamagama, kodwa awavamile ukusetshenziswa.
Idijithi ephansi (engabalulekile kakhulu) yenombolo yemvelo enamanani amaningi iyidijithi yamayunithi.
Idijithi ephezulu kakhulu (phezulu) yenombolo yemvelo enamanani amaningi iyidijithi ehambisana nedijithi ekwesokunxele kunabo bonke enombolweni ethile.
Cishe uye waqaphela ukuthi izincwadi zokufunda zivame ukubeka izikhala ezincane lapho zibhala izinombolo ezinamadijithi amaningi. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze izinombolo zemvelo zifundeke kalula. Futhi futhi - ukuhlukanisa ngokubonakalayo amakilasi ahlukene ezinombolo.
Ikilasi iqoqo lamadijithi eliqukethe amadijithi amathathu: amayunithi, amashumi namakhulu.
Isistimu yezinombolo zedesimali
Abantu ngezikhathi ezihlukene basebenzisa izindlela ezihlukene zokubhala izinombolo. Futhi uhlelo lwezinombolo ngalunye lunemithetho nezici zalo.
Uhlelo lwezinombolo zedesimali luwuhlelo lwezinombolo oluvame kakhulu lapho kusetshenziswa khona amadijithi ayishumi ukuze kubhalwe izinombolo: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
Kuhlelo lwedesimali, inani ledijithi efanayo lincike endaweni yalo ekubhalweni kwenombolo. Isibonelo, inombolo 555 iqukethe amadijithi afanayo amathathu. Kule nombolo, idijithi yokuqala esuka kwesobunxele isho amakhulu amahlanu, eyesibili - amashumi amahlanu, kanti eyesithathu - amayunithi amahlanu. Njengoba inani ledijithi lincike endaweni yalo, uhlelo lwezinombolo zedesimali lubizwa ngokuthi i-positional.
Umbuzo wokuzihlola
Zingaki izinombolo zemvelo ezingamakwa ereyini yokuxhumanisa phakathi kwamaphoyinti anezixhumanisi:
0 no-15;
20 no-50;
100 futhi 130?
I-Источник - Онлайн школа Skysmart: https://skysmart.ru/articles/mathematic/naturalnye-chisla