I-Vasomotor rhinitis
I-Vasomotor rhinitis yisifo esingelapheki esibangelwa ukukhubazeka kwethoni ye-vascular emgodini wamakhala. Kuyafana ngezimpawu ze-rhinitis ye-allergic, kodwa kunezinye izimbangela.

Yini i-vasomotor rhinitis?

I-Vasomotor rhinitis ukuvuvukala kwe-mucosa yamakhala engahlotshaniswa nokungenwa kwamagciwane, igciwane noma izifo. Lesi sifo sihambisana nokuthimula okunzima nokuwohlozayo, ukukhishwa okukhulu okuvela emgodini wamakhala.

Lesi sifo sivame izikhathi ezingu-10 kubahlali basemadolobheni amakhulu. Amadoda angenwa kalula yilesi sifo. Bangase bathuthukise uhlobo lwe-reflex yesifo ngokumelene nesizinda sokuphuza utshwala.1.

Izimbangela ze-vasomotor rhinitis kubantu abadala

Izimbangela ezibangela ukuvuvukala kwe-mucosa yamakhala kungaba ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo noma kwezemithi. Phakathi kweziyinhloko:

  • ukugoba kwe-septum yamakhala (yokuzalwa noma etholiwe);
  • izinguquko ze-hormonal ezizibonakalisa ngokumelene nesizinda sezifo zesistimu ye-endocrine, ukukhulelwa noma ngesikhathi sokuthomba kwentsha;
  • isifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal.

Isizathu se-vasomotor rhinitis kubantu abadala singase sincike kumaconsi e-vasoconstrictor nasal kanye nezifutho. Lesi sifo singakhula ezigulini ngenkathi sithatha izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa ku-psychiatry (gabapentin, chlorpromazine), izidakamizwa zokwelapha ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile okusekelwe ku-sildenafil, kanye nezidakamizwa ezithile ze-antihypertensive.

Kwezinye izimo, i-rhinitis iqala ngaphansi kwethonya lezici eziningana futhi ingahlanganiswa nefomu le-allergenic.

Izimpawu ze-vasomotor rhinitis kubantu abadala

Uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-vasomotor rhinitis kubantu abadala ukuhluleka kokuphefumula okuqhubekayo. Ukucinana kwamakhala kwenzeka ngokuzumayo, ngokuvamile uphawu lubonakala ekuseni ngemva kokuvuka. Ukwehluleka ukuphefumula kuhambisana nokuthimula kanye ne-lacrimation, ukuphuma okusobala okuvela emgodini wamakhala. Izinga lokushisa lomzimba alinyuki.

Isithombe somtholampilo se-vasomotor rhinitis kubantu abadala sihlanganisa izimpawu ezilandelayo:

  • ukubomvu kolwelwesi lwamafinyila ekhaleni;
  • ukwehla kwekhwalithi yephunga;
  • ukuvuvukala emakhaleni;
  • umuzwa wokugcwala esifundeni se-septum yamakhala;
  • ukuphuma kwamafinyila noma amanzi emakhaleni.

Ngokusetshenziswa okungalawulwa kwamaconsi e-vasoconstrictor, ukulunywa kwenzeka emgodini wamakhala.

Ukwelashwa kwe-vasomotor rhinitis kubantu abadala

Ekwelapheni i-vasomotor rhinitis, into esemqoka ukuqeda imbangela yokuphazamiseka. Izindlela zokwelapha ezisetshenziselwa ezinye izinhlobo ze-rhinitis azisebenzi.

Uma i-vasomotor rhinitis iqhubeka ngenxa yokukhubazeka okukhulu kwe-septum yamakhala, isiguli siboniswa ukuhlinzwa. Kwezinye izimo, lesi sifo siphathwa ngendlela elondolozayo - imithi.

Kubalulekile! Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yikuphi ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kwe-vasomotor rhinitis, isiguli siyaxwayiswa mayelana nokungazinzi okungenzeka komphumela wokusebenza kanye nesidingo esingenzeka sokungenelela okuphindaphindiwe.

Diagnostics

Ukuxilongwa kusungulwa ngesisekelo sezikhalazo zesiguli ngemuva kokuqoqa i-anamnesis. Kuqinisekiswa ukuhlolwa kwe-endoscopic ye-nasopharynx kanye ne-nasopharynx (kusetshenziswa ikhamera ekhethekile). Uma kutholakala ukuvuvukala kwama-turbinate aphansi, ukuhlolwa kuyenziwa. Isixazululo se-xylometazoline noma i-adrenaline sisetshenziswa kulwelwesi lwamafinyila. Uma kwenzeka ukufinyela komgodi wamakhala, kutholakala i-vasomotor rhinitis.

Ezinye izinketho zokuxilonga zisetshenziswa kancane. I-otolaryngologist ingase i-oda i-CT noma i-x-ray yezono. Ukukhipha i-rhinitis ye-allergen ehambisanayo, ukuhlolwa kwe-allergen kuyenziwa.

Izidakamizwa ze-vasomotor rhinitis

Namuhla, ekwelapheni i-vasomotor rhinitis, basebenzisa:

  • ama-H1-blockers - ama-antihistamines (i-azelastine, i-levokabastin);
  • I-InGKS (intranasal glucocorticosteroids) Avamys, Dezrinit, Nazarel, Nasonex, Nasobek, Nozefrin, Flixonase (beka imakethe njengoba injalo, futhi ususe amagama abo embhalweni);
  • i-topical mast cell membrane stabilizers (okuphuma ku-cromoglycic acid).

Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kuhlale kukhethwe ngabanye futhi kuncike ezimbangela ze-rhinitis. Alukho uhlobo olulodwa lokwelapha lesi sifo. Ukuhlanza njalo umgodi wamakhala ngezixazululo ze-iso- ne-hypertonic zamanzi olwandle kusiza ekudambiseni izimpawu.2.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ukuqeda izimpawu ekugoqeni kwe-septum yamakhala akunakwenzeka, lapho kuboniswa khona ukuhlinzwa.3.

Uma i-vasomotor rhinitis ibonakala ngenxa yokuhlukunyezwa kwamaconsi e-vasoconstrictor yamakhala, kuzodingeka ishiywe ngokuphelele.

I-Vasomotor rhinitis kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ixazulula ngemva kokubeletha, kodwa ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa nakho kungenzeka4.

Ukuphefumula kwe-vasomotor rhinitis

I-Nebulizer inhalations ayiboniswa nge-vasomotor rhinitis. Uma usebenzisa imishini enjalo, izinhlayiya zesisombululo somuthi zizoba ezincane futhi ngeke zihlale emgodini wekhala kanye nezono, zizongena ngokushesha emgudwini wokuphefumula. Ukuhogela ngesitimu kuyinqubo eyingozi engabangela ukusha emgudwini wokuphefumula ophezulu.

Amakhambi abantu

Umuntu akufanele alindele umphumela wokusetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Kuphela kwezinye izimo, ngokusho kwencwadi kadokotela, nge-vasomotor rhinitis, imithi ye-herbal ingasetshenziswa, ngemuva kokuqeda ingozi yokungezwani komzimba. Izindlela eziqukethe izithako ze-herbal zisetshenziswa esifundweni esifushane - akukho ngaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-10-14. Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, banomphumela omubi kulwelwesi lwamafinyila.

Ukuvimbela i-vasomotor rhinitis kubantu abadala

Akukho ukuvimbela okuqondile kwe-vasomotor rhinitis. Unganciphisa ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo ngokususa izici ezisibangelayo:

  • yeka ukuluthwa i-nicotine nokuphuzwa kotshwala;
  • qeda ukucindezeleka;
  • lungisa isizinda se-hormonal;
  • ungasebenzisi amaconsi e-vasoconstrictor nasal ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela yenkambo ende.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile

Sixoxile ngezindaba ezihlobene ne-vasomotor rhinitis kubantu abadala abane Umuntu ozokhethwa kwi-Medical Sciences, i-otorhinolaryngologist, i-phoniatrist u-Anna Kolesnikova.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezinganikeza i-vasomotor rhinitis?
Izimpawu ze-vasomotor rhinitis zinganciphisa kakhulu izinga lempilo. Ngokuvamile, ngokumelene nesizinda sesifo, ukuhonqa, i-apnea yokulala evimbelayo (i-spasm of the top respiratory tract) ibonakala. Isiguli sikhathazekile ngokukhwehlela okomile isikhathi eside, ukucinana kwezindlebe eziphakathi nendawo kubonakala, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-otitis media akufakiwe.

Ngokumelene nesizinda se-edema ende nokucasuka kolwelwesi lwamafinyila, ukukhula kwama-polyps kungenzeka. I-vasomotor rhinitis yandisa amathuba okuthuthukisa i-polyposis rhinosinusitis.

Ingabe i-vasomotor rhinitis iyathathelwana?
I-vasomotor rhinitis ayitheleleki kwabanye.
Imuphi udokotela owelapha i-vasomotor rhinitis?
I-Vasomotor rhinitis iphathwa yi-otolaryngologist. Uma lesi sifo senzeka ngokuhambisana ne-rhinitis ye-allergen, kuzodingeka uthintane ne-allergenist. Uma i-vasomotor rhinitis ingumphumela wesifo se-reflux ye-gastroesophageal, ukwelashwa kwe-gastroenterologist kuyadingeka.
Ingabe i-vasomotor rhinitis engapheli ingelapheka?
Kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka ukwelapha i-vasomotor rhinitis engapheli ngokuqeda izimbangela zesifo, isibonelo, lapho lesi sifo sikhula ngokumelene nesizinda sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwezidakamizwa ezivela emaqenjini athile.

Uma imbangela yalesi sifo i-curvature ye-septum yamakhala, ukuhlinzwa kuzosiza ukuqeda izimpawu zayo, kodwa i-reflex edema ingase ibuyele ngenxa yokungazinzi komphumela wokusebenza.

  1. I-Vasomotor rhinitis: i-pathogenesis, ukuxilongwa kanye nezimiso zokwelapha (iziqondiso zomtholampilo). Ihlelwe ngu-AS Lopatin. https://pharm-spb.ru/docs/lit/Otorinolaryngologia_Rekomendazii%20po%20diagnostike%20i%20lecheniyu%20vazomotornogo%20rinita%20(ROR,%202014).pdf
  2. I-Lopatin AS Ukwelashwa kwe-vasomotor rhinitis: izitayela zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nomkhuba waseRussia // MS. 2012. No. 11. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/lechenie-vazomotornogo-rinita-mezhdunarodnye-tendentsii-i-rossiyskaya-praktika
  3. I-Kryukov AI, i-Tsarapkin G. Yu., i-Zairatyants OV, i-Tovmasyan AS, i-Panasov SA, i-Artemyeva-Karelova AV Izici zesimanje zokwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-vasomotor rhinitis. I-rhinology yaseRussia. 2017;25(2):10-14. https://doi.org/10.17116/rosrino201725210-14
  4.  I-Dolina IV Vasomotor rhinitis kwabesifazane abakhulelwe / IV Dolina // Medical Journal. – 2009. – № 3. http://rep.bsmu.by/bitstream/handle/BSMU/2881/Vasomotor%20rhinitis%20%20pregnant%20women.Image.Marked.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

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