Okuqukethwe
Uma kukhulunywa ngokuqanjwa kwamazwe ampofu kakhulu emhlabeni, bavame ukunaka ukuthi umnotho wala mazwe untekenteke noma uqine kangakanani nokuthi ingakanani imali engenayo yomuntu ngamunye. Impela, kunamazwe amaningi imali yawo engenayo yomuntu ngamunye ingaphansi kwama-$10 ngenyanga. Kholwa noma ungakholwa, kukuwe, kodwa maningi amazwe anjalo. Ngeshwa, izimpumelelo zesayensi nezobuchwepheshe zesintu azikwazanga ukuphakamisa izinga lokuphila labantu abakubo.
Kunezizathu eziningi zezinkinga zezimali zamazwe futhi, ngenxa yalokho, izakhamuzi zawo: izingxabano zangaphakathi, ukungalingani kwezenhlalakahle, inkohlakalo, izinga eliphansi lokuhlanganiswa endaweni yezomnotho yomhlaba, izimpi zangaphandle, izimo zezulu ezimbi, nokunye okuningi. Ngakho-ke, namuhla silungiselele isilinganiso esisuselwe kudatha ye-IMF (World Monetary Fund) enanini Lesamba Somkhiqizo Wasekhaya (i-GDP) ngomuntu ngamunye wezi-2018-2019. Uhlu olujwayelekile lwamazwe ane-GDP ngomuntu ngamunye.
10 I-Togo (Togolese Republic)
- Inani labantu: 7,154 million abantu
- Usihlalo: Lome
- Ulimi olusemthethweni: IsiFulentshi
- I-GDP ngomuntu ngamunye: $1084
I-Togolese Republic, eyake yaba ikoloni laseFrance (kuze kube ngu-1960), itholakala engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-Afrika. Umthombo omkhulu wemali engenayo ezweni ngezolimo. I-Togo ithumela kwamanye amazwe ikhofi, ukhokho, ukotini, amabele, ubhontshisi, i-tapioca, kuyilapho ingxenye ebalulekile yomkhiqizo ithengwa kwamanye amazwe (ukuthekelisa kabusha). Imboni yezindwangu kanye nokukhipha ama-phosphates kuthuthukiswe kahle.
9. Madagascar
- Inani labantu: 22,599 million abantu
- Inhloko-dolobha: Antananarivo
- Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiMalagasy nesiFulentshi
- I-GDP ngomuntu ngamunye: $970
Isiqhingi saseMadagascar sisempumalanga ye-Afrika futhi sihlukaniswe yi-strait nezwekazi. Ngokuvamile, umnotho wezwe ungahlukaniswa ngokuthi usathuthuka, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, izinga lokuphila, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kwamadolobha amakhulu, liphansi kakhulu. Imithombo eyinhloko yemali engenayo yaseMadagascar ukudoba, ezolimo (izinongo ezikhulayo nezinongo), i-eco-tourism (ngenxa yezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane nezitshalo ezihlala esiqhingini). Kukhona ukugxila kwemvelo kwesifo esiqhingini, esisebenza ngezikhathi ezithile.
8. Malawi
- Inani labantu: 16,777 million abantu
- Inhloko-dolobha: Lilongwe
- Ulimi olusemthethweni: IsiNgisi, iNyanja
- I-GDP ngomuntu ngamunye: $879
IRiphabhulikhi yaseMalawi, esempumalanga ye-Afrika, inezindawo ezivunde kakhulu, izindawo zokugcina amalahle ne-uranium. Isisekelo somnotho wezwe umkhakha wezolimo, oqasha u-90% wabantu abasebenzayo. Imboni icubungula imikhiqizo yezolimo: ushukela, ugwayi, itiye. Izakhamuzi zaseMalawi ezingaphezu kwengxenye ziphila ngobumpofu.
7. Niger
- Inani labantu: 17,470 million abantu
- Inhloko-dolobha: Niamey
- Ulimi olusemthethweni: IsiFulentshi
- I-GDP ngomuntu ngamunye: $829
IRiphabhulikhi yaseNiger itholakala engxenyeni esentshonalanga yezwekazi lase-Afrika. INiger ingelinye lamazwe ashisayo emhlabeni, ngenxa yalokho inesimo sezulu esingesihle ngenxa yokuba seduze noGwadule LwaseSahara. Isomiso esihlala sikhona sidala indlala ezweni. Ngezinzuzo, izindawo zokugcina ezibalulekile ze-uranium nezinkundla zikawoyela negesi ezihloliwe kufanele kuqashelwe. Amaphesenti angama-90 abantu bezwe baqashwe kwezolimo, kodwa ngenxa yesimo sezulu esomile, kunomhlaba omncane ofanele ukusetshenziswa (cishe u-3% wendawo yezwe). Umnotho waseNiger uncike kakhulu osizweni lwangaphandle. Ingxenye engaphezu kwengxenye yabantu bezwe ingaphansi kwesilinganiso sobumpofu.
6. Zimbabwe
- Inani labantu: 13,172 million abantu
- Inhlokodolobha: Harare
- Ulimi lombuso: IsiNgisi
- I-GDP ngomuntu ngamunye: $788
Ngemva kokuthola uzibuse kuBukhosi bamaBhilithane ngomnyaka ka1980, iZimbabwe yayithathwa njengelizwe elithuthuke kakhulu kwezomnotho eAfrica, kodwa lamuhla lingelinye lamazwe ampofu kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngemuva kokuguqulwa kwezinguquko zomhlaba kusukela ngo-2000 kuya ku-2008, ezolimo zehla futhi izwe laba ngumthengi wokudla kwamanye amazwe. Kusukela ngo-2009, izinga lokuntuleka kwemisebenzi ezweni lalingama-94%. Futhi, iZimbabwe iyona ephethe irekhodi lomhlaba ngokuphelele ngokwe-inflation.
5. Eritrea
- Inani labantu: 6,086 million abantu
- Inhloko-dolobha: Asmara
- Ulimi lombuso: isi-Arabhu nesiNgisi
- I-GDP ngomuntu ngamunye: $707
Itholakala ogwini loLwandle Olubomvu. Njengamazwe amaningi ampofu, i-Eritrea iyizwe lezolimo, elinomhlaba ofanelekayo ongamaphesenti amahlanu kuphela. Iningi labantu, cishe ama-5%, lizibandakanye nezolimo. Ukufuywa kwezilwane kuyathuthuka. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamanzi ahlanzekile, izifo zamathumbu zivamile ezweni.
4. Liberia
- Inani labantu: 3,489 million abantu
- Inhloko-dolobha: iMonrovia
- Ulimi lombuso: IsiNgisi
- I-GDP ngomuntu ngamunye: $703
ILiberia eyayiyikoloni lase-United States, yasungulwa abansundu abathola inkululeko ebugqilini. Ingxenye ebalulekile yensimu imbozwe amahlathi, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo ezibalulekile zokhuni. Ngenxa yezimo zezulu ezivumayo kanye nendawo, iLiberia inamandla amakhulu okuthuthukisa ezokuvakasha. Umnotho wezwe wonakala kakhulu ngesikhathi sempi yombango eyenzeka eminyakeni yamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye. Bangaphezu kwama-80% abantu abangaphansi kwesilinganiso sobumpofu.
3. I-Congo (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
- Inani labantu: 77,433 million abantu
- Inhloko-dolobha: Kinshasa
- Ulimi olusemthethweni: IsiFulentshi
- I-GDP ngomuntu ngamunye: $648
Leli zwe litholakala ezwenikazi lase-Afrika. Futhi, njengeTogo, yabuswa ikoloni kwaze kwaba ngu-1960, kodwa manje yiBelgium. Ikhofi, ummbila, ubhanana, izitshalo ezihlukahlukene zezimpande zitshalwa ezweni. Ukuzalanisa izilwane akuthuthukisiwe kabi kakhulu. Kwamaminerali - kukhona amadayimane, i-cobalt (izindawo zokugcina ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni), ithusi, uwoyela. Isimo sezempi esingesihle, izimpi zombango ziyaqubuka ngezikhathi ezithile ezweni.
2. Burundi
- Inani labantu: 9,292 million abantu
- Inhloko-dolobha: Bujumbura
- Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiRundi nesiFulentshi
- I-GDP ngomuntu ngamunye: $642
Izwe linezinqolobane eziningi ze-phosphorus, izinsimbi zomhlaba ezingavamile, i-vanadium. Izindawo ezibalulekile zithathwa umhlaba olimekayo (50%) noma amadlelo (36%). Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni akuthuthukisiwe kahle futhi iningi lakhona liphethwe ngabaseYurophu. Umkhakha wezolimo uqashe cishe u-90% wabantu bakuleli. Futhi, ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu ye-GDP yezwe ihlinzekwa ukuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo emazweni angaphandle. Izakhamuzi zezwe ezingaphezu kwama-50% ziphila ngaphansi komugqa wobumpofu.
1. I-Central African Republic (CAR)
- Inani labantu: 5,057 million abantu
- Inhloko-dolobha: Bangui
- Ulimi olusemthethweni: isiFulentshi nesiSango
- I-GDP ngomuntu ngamunye: $542
Izwe elimpofu kakhulu emhlabeni namuhla yiCentral African Republic. Izwe lineminyaka yokuphila ephansi kakhulu - iminyaka engama-51 kwabesifazane, iminyaka engama-48 kwabesilisa. Njengakwamanye amazwe amaningi ampofu, i-CAR inesimo sezempi esishubile, amaqembu amaningi alwayo, futhi ubugebengu budlangile. Njengoba izwe linemithombo emikhulu ngokwanele yemithombo yemvelo, ingxenye enkulu yazo ithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe: izingodo, ukotini, amadayimane, ugwayi nekhofi. Umthombo omkhulu wokuthuthukiswa komnotho (ngaphezu kwengxenye ye-GDP) umkhakha wezolimo.