Okuqukethwe
Amakhowe ayizidalwa ezimangalisayo. Zihlanganisa izici zezitshalo nezilwane, kodwa azizona ezezitshalo noma izilwane.
Iningi labantu lizilinganisa ngokwezinzuzo ezizilethayo. Okokuqala nje, kumnandi kakhulu. Futhi, amakhowe awadleki (okwelapha noma anobuthi).
Lezi zinambuzane ziyamangalisa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo. Ngokwezinye izilinganiso, isibalo sisukela ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-250 kuya kwezigidi eziyi-1,5. Phakathi kwabo kukhona abaningi abamangala ngokubukeka kwabo. Yebo, phakathi kwamakhowe kukhona amadoda amaningi amahle.
Uma ungakaze uwancome ngaphambilini, ungakwenza njengamanje. Izinga lethu liqukethe amakhowe amahle kakhulu emhlabeni.
10 I-Rhodotus palmate
Isikhunta sisatshalaliswa kulo lonke elaseNyakatho nenkabazwe, kuhlanganise naseRussia (indawo enamahlathi anamahlamvu abanzi naxubile). Ifakwe ohlwini lwe-Red Books yamanye amazwe.
I-Rhodotus palmate ikhetha ukukhula phezu kwezinkuni - iziphunzi noma izinkuni ezifile. Ayidleki, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukudlula kuyo. Isigqoko siwumbala opinki othambile, kwesinye isikhathi kuba nombala osawolintshi. Ububanzi busuka ku-3 kuye ku-15 cm. Emakhoweneni asemancane, ibushelelezi, kwabadala ifakwe i-venous mesh.
Kubantu, leli khowe libizwa ngokuthi ipentshisi elishwabene. Ngokumangalisayo, wathola igama elinjalo hhayi nje ngenxa yombala, kodwa nangenxa yephunga elithile. I-pulp yamakhowe inokunambitheka kwezithelo. Isiqu sekhowe simhlophe qwa.
9. I-Clavaria ensundu ngokuphaphathekile
Indawo yokusabalalisa: Eurasia, Australia, North and South America, Africa. ERussia, ingatholakala engxenyeni yaseYurophu, eCaucasus, eMpumalanga Ekude, Ephakathi naseNingizimu Urals, naseSiberia.
Ikhula emhlabathini emahlathini ane-coniferous-broad-leaved, ukuba khona kwe-oki kuyisibopho. I-Clavaria ensundu ngokuphaphathekile ayikwazi ukudliwa.
Ngaphandle, lezi zinambuzane azifani neze namakhowe ajwayelekile. Ziyindikimba ethela izithelo enamagatsha amaningi esihlangeni esifushane. Ukuphakama kwe-mushroom kusuka ku-1,5 kuya ku-8 cm. Umbala uhlukahlukene: wonke ama-shades kakhilimu, onsundu ngokuphaphathekile, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi.
8. I-Hedgehog yokopha
Isikhunta sisatshalaliswa kabanzi eNyakatho Melika naseYurophu, ikakhulukazi e-Italy, eScotland naseJalimane. Itholakala nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, kodwa kuyaqabukela. ERussia ukopha kwe-hedgehog Itholakala esifundeni saseLeningrad naseTyumen.
Amakhowe akhetha inhlabathi enesihlabathi. Inobuthi. Phansi (umlenze mayelana no-3 cm). Isigqoko sifinyelela ububanzi obuyi-5 kuya ku-10 cm. I-velvety, ngokuvamile imhlophe-mhlophe.
Lezi zinambuzane zingaba isikhunta esivamile, uma kungesona isici esisodwa. “Intsha” ikhipha uketshezi olubomvu olufana namaconsi egazi. Ngosizo lwawo, ziyadla, zibambe izinambuzane. Ngokukhula, amakhowe aqala ukwakha ukwakheka okubukhali emaphethelweni e-cap. Kubukeka kuhlaba umxhwele. Amakhowe afana ne-ayisikhilimu nge-berry jam, nawo afana nama-strawberries ekhilimu.
7. I-raincoat
Zikhula emhlabeni wonke ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica. E-Russia, zingatholakala cishe yonke indawo: emahlathini ama-coniferous nama-deciduous.
Ama-raincoats amakhowe amnandi futhi adliwayo. Kodwa abathandi bokuzingela ngokuthula abajahi ukukuqoqa. Iqiniso liwukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuwahlukanisa nama-raincoats angamanga. Lawa makhowe anobuthi futhi akufanele adliwe.
Nokho, bobabili bahle kakhulu. Amabhola amancane anamaqhuqhuva anezipikili ezimhlophe, ezikhilimu noma ezinsundu. Kukhona futhi abantu abakhulu, ububanzi be-cap bungafinyelela ku-20 cm. Ubukhulu buncike ohlotsheni. Okwamanje, izinhlobo eziningi ze-raincoat zibhalisiwe.
6. I-Morel conical
Kusatshalaliswa yonke indawo. I-Glade, ihlathi noma ipaki yedolobha - ngaphezulu kwe-conical ikhula lapho inhlabathi ivundiswa khona nge-humus.
Kubhekiselwa kumakhowe adliwayo anemibandela. Ayinaso umsoco okhethekile, kodwa futhi ayinabo ubuthi.
Isigqoko sisesimweni sekhoni. Ubude bayo buhluka kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-9 cm. Umbala onsundu, onsundu, omnyama. Ubuso bungamangqamuzana, okusikhumbuza amakhekheba oju. Isigqoko sihlangana nomlenze.
Amakhowe aqala ukuvela ngo-April. Ngokumelene nesizinda semvelo yasentwasahlobo, ephila ngemva kobusika obubandayo, abukeka emuhle futhi engavamile.
I-Morels inezinto zokwelapha. Amalungiselelo asekelwe kuwo asetshenziselwa izinkinga zamehlo (ukubona eduze, ukubona kude, ulwelwesi lwamehlo), umgudu wokugaya ukudla, nokucindezela. I-Morel tincture inezindawo zokulwa nokuvuvukala.
5. luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Isikhunta sivamile eNyakatho Melika, eNdiya, eChina, naseningizimu yeFrance. Ayikhuli eRussia.
I-Milky blue ibukeka ingekho ezingeni. Ngokuvamile amakhowe anobuthi anombala ogqamile wezigqoko. Lena, ngokuphambene, iyadliwa, futhi ayidingi ukucubungula okukhethekile.
Isigqoko sabo siyindilinga, i-lamellar. Ububanzi kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-15 cm. Ngaphandle, i-mushroom ifana nebele. Isici saso siwumbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ogqamile, i-indigo. Amakhowe amadala athola umbala wesiliva, abese ephenduka abe mpunga. Inyama yekhowe iphinde ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukhunta unamawele, kodwa kunzima ukuwadida. Umbala ogcwele ogqamile uwuphawu lwe-milky.
4. Inkanyezi ye-Saccular
Ibanga: eNyakatho Melika naseYurophu. Ikhula ezihlahleni ezibolile noma emhlabathini ogwadule.
Amakhowe amancane angadliwa, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu ozothanda ukunambitheka kwawo. Baqinile impela.
Zifana kancane ne-boletus yakudala noma i-boletus. Ukubukeka i-saccular starfish original kakhulu. I-Mycelium spherical shape itholakala phezulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, igobolondo elingaphezulu liyaqhuma, i-"asterisk" yakheka, lapho ingxenye ye-spore-bearing ikhula. Umbala ngokuyinhloko unombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo, ongekho mhlophe.
3. i-bamboo mushroom
Incamela izindawo ezishisayo. Ingatholakala e-Afrika, eMelika, e-Asia nase-Australia.
i-bamboo mushroom zisetshenziselwa ukudla. Kumnandi futhi kunempilo. Amakhowe alinywa ngempumelelo futhi adingeka kakhulu ezimakethe zase-Asia.
Imizimba yezithelo iphakeme - kufika ku-25 cm. Umehluko oyingqayizivele phakathi kwaleli mushroom nabanye isiketi se-lace. Yinde impela, imvamisa emhlophe, ebomvana noma ephuzi ayijwayelekile kakhulu. Isigqoko sincane, simise okweqanda. I-reticulated, grey noma nsundu ngombala.
Lelikhowe elintekenteke nelithambile libizwa ngokuthi i-fashionista enhle, intokazi eneveyili, intombazane yoqalo.
2. i-mushroom e-orange
Isifunda esikhulayo: China, Madagascar, Australia, Italy. Ikhowe lifundwa kancane, latholwa okokuqala ngo-2006 eSpain. i-mushroom e-orange ikhula emigwaqweni emikhulu ephithizelayo futhi ibusa kwezinye izindawo lapho ukungenelela komuntu kuzwakala khona ngokucacile. Ososayensi baze baveze ukwesaba ukuthi esikhathini esizayo i-orange izokwazi ukususa ezinye izinhlobo zamakhowe.
Isigqoko simise okwerakhethi yethenisi encane noma ifeni evulekile. Ubukhulu obukhulu bungama-4 cm. Izimbotshana ziphumela ngaphansi. Umbala unothile, osawolintshi.
1. Grate ebomvu
Lesi sikhunta asivamile futhi sinamabala, ngakho-ke akunangqondo ukukhuluma ngendawo yokusabalalisa. E-Russia, wabonakala esifundeni saseMoscow, eKrasnodar Territory, eCrimea naseTranscaucasia.
Grate ebomvu engenakudliwa, nakuba ukubonakala kwayo kungenakwenzeka ukwenza noma ubani afune ukuyizama. Kuyibhola elinamaseli angenalutho, ngaphakathi lapho kukhona izinhlamvu. Ukuphakama kwawo kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-10 cm. Ivamise ukuba nombala obomvu, kancane kancane ophuzi noma omhlophe. Ikhowe lishoda ngomlenze. Inuka kabi kakhulu (iphunga lenyama ebolayo).
I-lattice ibhalwe ku-Red Book, ngakho-ke kufanele uyiphathe ngokucophelela.