Ukozela kuwuphawu olubangela isifiso esinamandla sokulala. Kuyinto evamile, "ngokomzimba", uma kwenzeka kusihlwa noma ngesikhathi sokulala, noma ngezikhathi zokuqala ntambama. Uma kwenzeka emini, kubizwa ngokuthi ukulala kwasemini. Nakuba ukozela kungase kuthinte noma ubani, ikakhulukazi lapho ekhathele, ngemva kokungalali kahle ebusuku, noma ngemva nje kwesidlo esikhulu, kuba okungavamile lapho kuphindwa nsuku zonke, kuphazamise ukunaka, futhi kuphazamise imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Kungaveza ubukhona be-pathology ngakho-ke kufanele kube yindaba yokubonisana nabezokwelapha.

Ukozela kuyisifo esivamile: ucwaningo luye lwalinganisela ukuthi luthinta abantu ababalelwa ku-5 kuye ku-10% (ngamandla, kanye no-15% “omnene”). Kuvame kakhulu ebusheni nasebakhulile.

Kunengqondo ukuthi ukozela kungase kumane kuhlobene nokuntula ubuthongo, ikakhulukazi entsheni. Siyazi ukuthi abalali ngokwanele izidingo zabo, futhi ukulala kwasemini kuvamile kuleli qembu leminyaka.

Ngaphandle kwesimo esingajwayelekile, esingathinta wonke umuntu (ubusuku obubi, i-jet lag, ukuntuleka kokulala, njll.), Ukozela kungahlotshaniswa nezifo zokulala eziningana:

• ukubambezeleka kwesigaba kanye nokuntuleka kokulala okungapheli: lokhu ukuntuleka kokulala okungapheli noma ukuphazamiseka kwewashi langaphakathi, "okushintsha" izigaba zokulala (lokhu kuvamile entsheni)
• ukuphazamiseka kokulala okunjengokuhona kanye nesifo sokuphefumula kokuphefumula kokulala: lena imbangela evame kakhulu yokozela (ngemuva kokungalali ngokwanele). Lesi sifo sikhombisa ukuphefumula okungazi lutho “kumisa isikhashana” ebusuku, okhubaza izinga lokulala ngokuphazamisa imijikelezo yokuphumula njalo.
• i-central hypersomnias (i-narcolepsy ene-cataplexy noma engenawo): ngokuvamile ibangelwa ukonakala kwama-neurons athile ebuchosheni okuholela ebuthongweni, noma ngaphandle kwe-cataplexy, okusho ukulahlekelwa kungazelelwe kwethoni yemisipha . Kuyisifo esingajwayelekile.
• i-hypersomnia ngenxa yokuphuza izidakamizwa: izidakamizwa ezimbalwa nezidakamizwa zingabangela ukozela ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi i-hypnotics edambisayo, i-anxiolytics, ama-amphetamine, ama-opiates, utshwala, i-cocaine.

Ezinye izinkinga zingabuye zihlotshaniswe nokozela:

• izimo zengqondo ezifana ne-depression noma i-bipolar disorder
• ukukhuluphala noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• sikashukela
• abanye: izifo ze-neurodeergenerative, unhlangothi, isimila ebuchosheni, ukuhlukumezeka kwekhanda, i-trypanosomiasis (isifo sokulala), njll.

Ukukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yokuqala, nakho kungabangela ukukhathala okungenakulinganiswa nokulala kwasemini.

Imiphumela yokulala ngokweqile miningi futhi ingaba bucayi. Ukozela kungabeka ukuphila engozini ngempela: kuyimbangela ehamba phambili yezingozi zomgwaqo ezibulalayo futhi kukholakala ukuthi kuhileleke ezingozini zomgwaqo ezingamaphesenti angu-20 (eFrance).

Ngasohlangothini lochwepheshe noma esikoleni, ukulala kwasemini kungabangela izinkinga zokugxilisa ingqondo, kodwa futhi kwandise ubungozi bezingozi zomsebenzi, kukhinyabeze ukusebenza kwengqondo, kwandise ukulova kanye nokusebenza okuphansi.

Imiphumela yezenhlalo neyomndeni akufanele inganakwa: ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuxilonga ukozela (umuntu othintekile akahlali ebonana nodokotela wakhe ngokuzenzakalelayo) futhi uthole imbangela.

Izixazululo ezizosetshenziswa ngokusobala zincike kumbangela. Uma ukozela kungenxa yokukhathala noma ukungalali, kubalulekile ukubuyisela isikhathi sokulala esivamile futhi uzame ukulala ngokwanele ubusuku ngabunye.

Lapho ukozela kubonisa ukuba khona kwe-apnea syndrome, kuzophakanyiswa izixazululo ezimbalwa, ikakhulukazi ukugqoka imaski yokuphefumula ebusuku ukuze kuvinjelwe i-apnea. Uma kunesidingo, ukuncipha kwesisindo kufanele kucatshangelwe: ngokuvamile kunciphisa izimpawu futhi kunciphisa ingozi yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ehambisana ne-apnea.

Uma kwenzeka ukozela okubangelwa izidakamizwa, ukuhoxiswa noma ukunciphisa imithamo kuyodingeka. Usizo lwezokwelapha ngokuvamile luyadingeka ukwenza lokhu.

Okokugcina, lapho ukozela kungenxa ye-neurological or systemic pathology, ukuphathwa okufanele ngokuvamile kunganciphisa izimpawu.