Okuqukethwe
I-swordtails imelela uhlobo lwe-"Ray-finned fish", umndeni "Peciliaceae" kanye ne-oda elithi "Kypitooths". Izinhlobo eziningi zale nhlanzi ezithakazelisayo zaziwa kokubili ama-aquarist angaphandle nasekhaya. Iqiniso liwukuthi sizokhuluma ngezinhlanzi ze-aquarium, noma kunalokho ngomunye wezinhlobo zazo.
Incazelo, ukubukeka
Kuze kube manje, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamashumi amabili ze-swordtail ziyaziwa, ezihluke komunye nomunye ngombala womzimba kanye nobukhulu bamaphiko. Umzimba wenhlanzi unomumo oyisicaba futhi ubonakala uminyene futhi ude kancane. Eyesifazane inkulu ngandlela thize kuneyeduna. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, insikazi ikhula ngobude ifike ku-15 cm, kanti eyeduna ayidluli ku-12 cm. Kokubili kubantu bemvelo nakuma-hybrids, umugqa owodwa, kodwa obanzi, wombala onsomi, onomngcele obomvana, ugijima emzimbeni. Ngaphezu komugqa obanzi, ungabona eminye imigqa emincane eminingi enombala obomvu. Indawo yomlomo itholakala ngendlela yokuthi kube lula ukuthi izinhlanzi ziqoqe ukudla emanzini. Ngamanye amazwi, umlomo wakhe ubheka phezulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! I-Swordtails egcinwe emanzini anomehluko ophawuleka kakhulu kubantu abahlala endaweni yemvelo futhi, okokuqala, ngokukhanya kanye nemibala ehlukahlukene.
Le nhlanzi yathola igama layo ngenxa yokuthi kule nhlanzi ingxenye engezansi ye-caudal fin inobude obubonakalayo, obubukhali ngendlela “yenkemba”. Abantu abahlala ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo bahlukaniswa ngama-hues aphuzi, abomvu, aluhlaza noma awolintshi.
Ezisikazi zinemibala ephaphathekile futhi engabonakali, kokubili emzimbeni nasemaphikweni. Izinhlobo ze-Aquarium ze-swordtails zinemibala egqamile, kanye neminye eminingi, ngakho-ke ungathola umhlophe, obomvu, ulamula, owolintshi, onsundu, omnyama, kanye namathoni ezinhlanzi ze-calico. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-swordtails ye-aquarium ingaba nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-fin.
habitat
Izwe le-aquarium swordtails liyindawo ye-Central America, lapho abameleli balolu hlobo bahlala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zamanzi zamazwe afana neMexico, iHonduras, iGuatemala, njll. ngamanzi ahambayo, kanye nasemachibini amancane namachibi adalwe ngokwenziwa, imisele, njll.
Endaweni ethile ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, le nhlanzi yalethwa eYurophu, lapho yaphenduka khona ngokushesha isilwane esifuywayo se-aquarium. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, le nhlanzi ekhanyayo nengavamile yalethwa ensimini yethu. Namuhla kuyaziwa ukuthi i-swordtails isizimise ngokuqinile njengenye yezinhlanzi ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezaziwa kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezimfundamakhwela, izinhlanzi zase-aquarium.
I-Aquarium fish Swordsman, i-swordtails, ukuzalanisa, ukugcinwa, ukuthosa okukhulayo.
Ukugcinwa kwezinkemba
Ukugcina izinhlanzi ezinjenge-swordtails emanzini akudingi umzamo omkhulu, ngoba lezi zinhlanzi azithobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nama-aquarist angenalwazi angabhekana nomsebenzi onjalo. Kodwa lokhu akusho nakancane ukuthi umuntu kufanele angabi nandaba ngokuphelele nalolu daba. Kuyadingeka ukukhetha nokuhlomisa i-aquarium ngendlela efanele, khetha isilinganiso sokudla ngobuhlakani futhi ungaxazululi izinhlanzi eduze ne-swordtails ezingabalimaza noma ngokuphambene nalokho.
Lezi yizinhlanzi ezithanda ukushisa, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa lamanzi ku-+20-26 degrees, kuyilapho ukhumbula ukuthi umkhawulo ophansi ungama-+15 degrees, nakuba kungcono ukungalethi amanzi ezingeni lokushisa elinjalo. . Kuyadingeka futhi ukunakekela ubulukhuni (8-25 pH) kanye ne-asidi (7-8 pH) yamanzi.
Ukukhetha i-aquarium
I-Swordtails ayizona izinhlanzi ezincane, ngakho-ke udinga i-aquarium enevolumu okungenani amalitha angama-50. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kufanele ibe voluminous, kufanele futhi ibe banzi. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ama-swordtails abhekwa njengezinhlanzi ezingenasizotha, izinga lamanzi lidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuphila kwabo isikhathi eside.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Ama-Swordtails ayizinhlanzi ezisebenzayo, ngakho-ke i-aquarium kufanele imbozwe, ngaphandle kwalokho bazogxuma baphume kuyo ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu.
Kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ukwenza i-aeration nokuhlunga kwamanzi, kuyilapho isonto ngalinye kudingekile ukufaka esikhundleni kuze kufike ku-25% wevolumu ngamanzi ahlanzekile, okuzovumela izinhlanzi ukuba ziphile ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhululekile, futhi umnikazi ngeke kudingeke bakhathazeke ngempilo yabo. Akudingekile ukushintsha amanzi kaningi, ngoba imisila yenkemba ayifuni ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi kanye nezinga le-oxygen kuwo.
Izinhlanzi zizozizwa zikhululekile uma kunezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ku-aquarium, ukuba khona kwazo okuletha izimo zokuphila eduze nendawo yemvelo. Le nhlanzi ayidingi ukubakhela izindawo zokukhosela. Isimo esiyinhloko yindawo eyanele yokuziphilisa.
Ukuhambisana, ukuziphatha
Yize ama-swordtails athathwa njengezinhlanzi ezinkulu ze-aquarium, azinawo ulaka futhi azolile, nokho ama-aquarists anolwazi awancomi ukwengeza izinhlobo ezincane ngosayizi ku-swordtails. Uma ungeza izinhlanzi zobukhulu obufanayo kanye nomlingiswa ofanayo ozolile kubo, khona-ke ngeke kudingeke ubheke noma yikuphi ukungqubuzana.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukwazi ukuthi ezinhlanzini ezinomlingiswa opholile futhi ongenzi lutho, imisila yenkemba ingaluma amaphiko ayo. Ngakho-ke, uhlobo lokuziphatha kwezinhlanzi kufanele lufane. Izinkemba zesilisa zingalwa phakathi kwazo uma kungekho abesifazane noma abameleli bezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ku-aquarium. Lezi zinhlanzi zihambisana nama-platies, ama-guppies nama-mollies, kodwa akufanele neze kwengezwe kuzo ama-cichlids, aseNingizimu Melika nase-Afrika, kanye ne-astronotus nama-acaras. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-swordtails iqala ukuba nezinkinga uma abameleli bomndeni we-carp, kuhlanganise ne-koi, i-goldfish ne-zebrafish encane, bengezwa kubo.
Kubalulekile ukwazi! Endabeni yokugcina imisila yenkemba emanzini asekhaya, bathola abantu abambalwa ngokusekelwe kwabesifazane aba-3 bowesilisa oyedwa.
Ngokudabukisayo, kodwa abameleli abaningi bomndeni we-carp bayizinhlanzi ezidlayo. Kuhlanganisa nezinhlanzi zegolide. Ngakho-ke, bangakwazi ukuhlasela ngisho nomuntu omdala, u-swordsman omkhulu. Akunconywa ukuxazulula ama-barbs, ama-shrimps kanye neminenke, kanye nama-crustaceans amancane kakhulu, kanye ne-swordtails.
Izinhlanzi ze-Guppy zinesimo esifanayo nesenkemba futhi, njenge-swordtails, zizala i-viviparous fry, ngakho izinga lokufa kwazo liphansi kakhulu.
Ukudla kanye nokudla
Ama-Swordtails awakhethi ngokuya ngokudla, ngakho-ke athathwa njengama-omnivores. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bathambekele ekudleni ngokweqile, kuyilapho bedla ukudla okunemvelaphi ehlukahlukene ngenjabulo. Baqoqa ukudla kunoma yiziphi izingqimba zamanzi, kokubili phezulu nangaphansi.
Kufanele futhi kukhunjulwe ukuthi ama-swordtails amadala adinga ukudla kwemvelaphi yezitshalo, ngendlela yama-granules noma ama-flakes ane-spirulina noma amaphilisi akhethekile ahlanganisa i-algae. Izinhlanzi nazo zidla ulwelwe ngentshiseko ezindongeni ze-aquarium, izitshalo zokuhlobisa kanye nokuhlobisa. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ukudla kwe-swordtails kufaka phakathi ukudla okulinganiselayo nokuhlukahlukene.
Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi! Lapho uthenga ukudla okomile okondla izinhlanzi ze-aquarium, kufanele nakanjani unake usuku lokukhiqiza ukuze umkhiqizo ungaphenduki uphelelwe yisikhathi. Ngenhloso efanayo, akunconywa ukuthenga ukudla ngesisindo.
Njengomthetho, izinga eliphezulu lokudla okomile kwezinhlanzi ze-aquarium zezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zimelelwa ukudla okomile okwenziwe ngomumo. Ukudla okukhiqizwa yi-Tetra kuthathwa njengokufaneleka kakhulu kwezinhlanzi zase-aquarium. Imikhiqizo yale nkampani ibonakala yiqiniso lokuthi inikeza ukudla komuntu ngamunye ngezinhlobo ezithile zezinhlanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani ikhiqiza uhlobo olukhethekile lokudla oluthuthukisa umbala wezinhlanzi. Kufanele futhi unake ngokukhethekile ukudla okune-vitamin complexes yokondla gazinga.
Ukuzala kanye nenzalo
Kakade lapho sebenezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala, abahlomuli benkemba bayakwazi ukuzalanisa inzalo yabo. Eqinisweni, ukuzalanisa lezi zinhlanzi akuwona umsebenzi onzima. Inqubo yokukhulelwa kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwabesifazane, futhi ngemva kwenyanga nengxenye, i-fry iyazalwa. Ngakho-ke, i-swordtails ingeyezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ze-viviparous.
Iqiniso elibalulekile! Ezimweni zokudla okunomsoco, kanye namanzi okushisa angama-26-27 degrees, izinkemba ziyakwazi ukuzala okungenani inyanga ngayinye.
Ophethe inkemba. Isondlo, ukondla, ukuzalanisa, ukuzala. Ingxenye 1
Zalisa izifo
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi imisila yenkemba ibhekwa njengokumelana kakhulu nemvelo embi yangaphandle, impilo yayo incike ezintweni ezinjengokuqinisekisa izimo ezivamile zokuboshwa, ukudla okuvamile, kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi evamile.
I-Swordtails, njenganoma iyiphi enye inhlanzi yase-aquarium, ingagula nganoma yisiphi isifo. Njengomthetho, azikho izici ezikhethekile ekwelapheni kwabo. Uma izimo ezijwayelekile zokuphila zinikezwa, i-swordtails iyakwazi ukuphila iminyaka engaba ngu-5, okubhekwa njengesilinganiso sobude bokuphila besigaba esinjalo sezinhlanzi njengezinhlanzi zase-aquarium.
Impendulo yomnikazi
Njengomthetho, abanikazi be-swordsmen baqaphela isimo seselula nesidlalayo sale nhlanzi yase-aquarium. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, baphawula imibala ehlukahlukene. Azidingi izimo ezikhethekile zokugcina noma ukudla okunomsoco. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlanzi azibizi imali eningi, ngakho-ke zithengeka kunoma ubani ofuna ukuba ne-aquarium enezinhlanzi ekhaya.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Uma kungekho abesilisa, khona-ke abesifazane bangashintsha ubulili babo ngokwabo, obungatholakali kwabesilisa.
Ama-aquarist amaningi aqaphela ukuthi i-swordtails ngokuthula futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga ihlangana endaweni efanayo nezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi. Kuyaphawuleka nokuthi zingazala unyaka wonke ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, okuzenza zidume kakhulu.
Ekuphetheni
Imindeni eminingi yenza ama-aquariums ekhaya ukuze ibuke ukuthi izinhlanzi ezincane nezinhle ngendlela emangalisayo zibhukuda kanjani ngokuthula kukholamu yamanzi. Akumnandi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi kuyathakazelisa. Futhi yeka ukuthi kuthakazelisa kanjani ezinganeni! Akuwona wonke umuntu ongaba nekati noma inja endlini, kodwa ukufaka i-aquarium kulula kakhulu futhi kufinyeleleke kakhulu. Vele, vele usethe isitsha sengilazi bese uthela amanzi kuso, engakhangi kakhulu, nakuba ilula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinhlanzi ngeke ziphile isikhathi eside emanzini anjalo, ngoba zidinga umoya-mpilo nokudla. Yebo, futhi le aquarium efulethini ayibukeki ikhangayo kakhulu, ngokumelene nengemuva lefenisha yesimanje. Ngakho-ke, kuzodingeka uzame futhi uyihlomise kahle, udale izimo eziseduze nemvelo. Kuzoba umsebenzi wobuciko ngokuqinisekile ozojabulisa wonke amalungu omndeni. Njengomthetho, ukugcinwa kwe-aquarium enezinhlanzi akuyona umsebenzi obizayo, nakuba izindleko zingenakugwemeka kunoma yikuphi.
Yebo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, lokhu ukunakekelwa, ngoba ngaphandle kwakho futhi akunakwenzeka. Yonke into eshiywe ngenhlanhla, ngokushesha noma kamuva, iphenduka ize. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi ahlanzekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi izinga lokushisa lamanzi lisephezulu, izinsalela zokudla ziyohlala zibola, zivale amanzi futhi zenze angafaneleki izinhlanzi. Ngakho-ke, okuvamile, nakuba kungavamile, ukushintshwa okungenani kwekota yevolumu kuyadingeka. Ngokwemvelo, izingane ziyojabula ngaphezu kwakho konke lesi simangaliso. Ngakho-ke, singasho ukuthi i-aquarium izosebenza njengento yokufundisa.