Ngokohlelo, kunamaleveli angu-3 ahlukene obunzima:

- ukuhlukumezeka kwekhanda okuncane,

– ukuhlukumezeka kwekhanda okumaphakathi  

– ukuhlukumezeka ekhanda kakhulu.

Bonke abalamuli bangenzeka phakathi kwamadigri angu-3 wobunzima. Phakathi kwemingcele egcinelwe ukuhlukaniswa, sithola ukuba khona kokulahlekelwa ukwazi kokuqala, isikhathi eside noma cha, izilonda zesikhumba sekhanda, izimpawu ezihambisana nezinzwa, isithuthwane noma ngisho nokuguqulwa kokuqaphela ngemva kokulimala ekhanda. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa, okuhlala kunengqondo, kufanele kwenze kube nokwenzeka ukunquma inkambo okufanele ithathwe. Ngalo mqondo, ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kanye nokuqoqwa kolwazi oluphathelene nengozi kubalulekile.

Ngokohlelo, kunamaqembu amathathu abeka isimo okufanele sithathwe:

• Iziguli ezihlukumezekile ekhanda iqembu 1 (ukukhanya). Azikho izimpawu ze-neurological, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi esincane, izilonda ezincane zesikhumba, azikho izimpawu zobunzima.

Okufanele ukwenze: buyela ekhaya nomndeni nabangane begadiwe.

• Iziguli ezihlukumezekile ekhanda iqembu 2 (okumaphakathi). Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi noma ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kusukela ekuhlukumezekeni kwekhanda, ubuhlungu bekhanda obuqhubekayo, ukuhlanza, ukuhlukumezeka okuningi, ukuphuka ngenxa yokulimala kobuso ngokuphuma koketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal emakhaleni, ezindlebeni, ukudakwa (utshwala, izidakamizwa, njll.), i-amnesia evela emlonyeni ingozi.

Okufanele ukwenze: ukulaliswa esibhedlela ukuze uqashwe, i-CT scan kanye ne-x-ray yobuso uma kunesidingo.

• Iziguli ezihlukumezekile ekhanda iqembu 3 (elinzima). Ukushintsha ukwazi, izimpawu zemizwa zokwenziwa kwendawo kwesilonda sobuchopho noma esingaphezulu kobuchopho, inxeba elingena logebhezi kanye / noma ukucindezeleka.

Isenzo okufanele sithathwe: ukulaliswa esibhedlela endaweni ye-neurosurgical, i-CT scan.

Ukwelashwa

Akukhona ukuhlukumezeka kwekhanda esikuphathayo, kodwa imiphumela yako. Ukuhlukumezeka kwekhanda ngakunye kuhlukile. Imithi eminingi ikhona futhi ingahlanganiswa, kuye ngohlobo (s) lwesilonda esivezwayo

• Ukuhlinzwa : ukukhishwa kwe-hematomas (ukukhipha amanzi)
• Medical : ukulwa nomfutho wegazi ophakeme we-intracranial lapho ukukalwa kokucindezela ebhokisini le-cranial (ingcindezi ye-intracranial noma i-ICP) kudinga kanjalo, ukwelapha umoya-mpilo, ukulala okwenziwayo, ukwelashwa ngokumelene nokuquleka kwesithuthwane, izidakamizwa ezihloselwe ukulwa ne-cerebral edema.
• Futhi-ke ukuthunga nokuhlanza amanxeba ekhanda