Okwamanje, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuvimbela eyaziwayo ukuthi gwema i- ukubhema kanye nogwayi kagwayi. Kuthiwa intuthu kagwayi idala indawo yokuzalanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, asazi ngezinye izindlela zokuyinqanda: akukho ukuvumelana kwezokwelapha mayelana nalokhu.

Noma kunjalo, umphakathi wezokwelapha uhlola ezihlukahlukene izindlela zokuvimbela lokho kungase kube nesithakazelo kubazali abane-allergies abafuna ukunciphisa ingozi yengane yabo nayo ehlushwa yikho.

Ama-hypotheses okuvimbela

Okubalulekile. Iningi lezifundo ezibikwe kulesi sigaba zibandakanya izingane engozini enkulu ye-allergies ngenxa yomlando womndeni.

Ukuncelisa ibele kuphela. Uma kwenziwa phakathi nezinyanga ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4 zokuqala zokuphila, noma ngisho nezinyanga ezingu-6 zokuqala, kuzonciphisa ingozi yokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile phakathi nosana.^{4, 16,18-21,22}. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kwababhali bokubuyekezwa kwezifundo, akuqiniseki ukuthi umphumela wokuvimbela ugcinwa isikhathi eside.⁴. Umphumela onenzuzo wobisi lwebele ungase ube ngenxa yesenzo sawo odongeni lwamathumbu osana. Ngempela, izici zokukhula ezikhona ebisini, kanye nezingxenye zokuzivikela komama, zifaka isandla ekuvuthweni kwe-mucosa yamathumbu. Ngakho-ke, ngeke kube namathuba amancane wokuvumela ama-allergener emzimbeni⁵.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kukhona amalungiselelo obisi angenayo i-allergenic emakethe, okuzothandwa omama bezingane abasengozini yokungezwani komzimba abangancelisi.

Kubambezeleka ukwethulwa kokudla okuqinile. Iminyaka enconyiwe yokwethula ukudla okuqinile (isibonelo, okusanhlamvu) ezinganeni isiseduze 6 inyanga^{22, I-24}. Kucatshangelwa ukuthi ngaphambi kwale minyaka, amasosha omzimba asuke engakavuthwa, okwandisa ingozi yokuphathwa yizinto ezingezwani nomzimba. Nokho, abukho ubufakazi besayensi obanele obungakwazi ukusho lokhu ngaphandle kokungabaza.^16,22. Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: izingane ezidla izinhlanzi onyakeni wazo wokuqala wokuphila azijwayele ukungezwani nezinto ezithile¹⁶.

Libazisa ukwethulwa kokudla okungezwani nomzimba. Ukudla okungezwani nomzimba (amakinati, amaqanda, igobolondo, njll.) nakho kunganikezwa ngokuqapha noma kugwenywe kuyilapho kuqinisekiswa ukuthi akubangeli ukuntula umsoco enganeni. Kubalulekile ukuthi lokhu kulandele iseluleko sikadokotela noma isazi sokudla. I-Quebec Association of Food Allergy (AQAA) ishicilela ikhalenda esingabhekisela kulo ukuze kwethulwe ukudla okuqinile, okuqala ezinyangeni eziyisi-6.³³. Nokho, qaphela ukuthi lo mkhuba awusekelwe ebufakazini obuqinile. Ngesikhathi sokubhala leli phepha (August 2011), leli khalenda lalibuyekezwa yi-AQAA.

Ukudla kwe-Hypoallergenic ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kuhloswe omama, lokhu kudla kudinga ukugwema ukudla okuyinhloko kwe-allergenic, njengobisi lwenkomo, amaqanda namantongomane, ukuze ugweme ukuveza umbungu kanye nosana. I-meta-analysis yeqembu le-Cochrane yaphetha ngokuthi ukudla kwe-hypoallergenic ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa (kwabesifazane abasengozini enkulu) ayisebenzi ekwehliseni ubungozi be-atopic eczema, futhi kungaholela ngisho nasezinkingeni zokungondleki kumama nombungu²³. Lesi siphetho sisekelwa amanye ama-syntheses wezifundo^{4, I-16,22}.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungaba indlela ephumelelayo nephephile uma yamukelwa. ngesikhathi kuphela ibele²³. Ukuqapha ukudla kwe-hypoallergenic ngesikhathi sokuncelisa kudinga ukugadwa nguchwepheshe wezempilo.

Esicwaningweni neqembu elilawulayo, abacwaningi bahlola umphumela wokudla kwe-hypoallergenic okulandelwa phakathi ne-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa futhi kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba yilapho kwethulwa ukudla okuqinile, ezinyangeni ezingu-6, nemibhangqwana engu-165 kamama nengane engozini yokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile.³. Izingane nazo zalandela ukudla kwe-hypoallergenic (akukho ubisi lwenkomo unyaka owodwa, akukho amaqanda iminyaka emibili futhi akukho amantongomane nezinhlanzi iminyaka emithathu). Eminyakeni engu-2 ubudala, izingane eziseqenjini elithi "hypoallergenic diet" zazincane amathuba okuba zithole ukudla kanye ne-atopic eczema kuneqembu elilawulayo. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni engu-7, akukho mehluko ekungangeni komzimba okuphawulwe phakathi kwamaqembu ama-2.

• Zihlanze njalo izingubo zokulala uma kwenzeka ungezwani nothuli.
• Gxilisa umoya amagumbi ngokuvula amafasitela, ngaphandle kwalapho okungezwani khona ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.
• Gcina umswakama ophansi emakamelweni ovumela ukukhula kwesikhunta (igumbi lokugeza).
• Ungalandeli izilwane ezifuywayo ezaziwa ngokubangela ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile: amakati, izinyoni, njll. Yeka izilwane esezikhona kakade ukuze zithathwe.