Okuqukethwe
Kuso sonke isikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-placenta isebenza njenge-airlock. Kuwuhlobo lwenkundla yokushintshisana phakathi kukamama nengane. Kulapho, ngenxa yentambo yayo, umbungu udonsa khona izakhamzimba nomoya-mpilo othwalwa yigazi likamama.
I-placenta yondla ingane
Indima eyinhloko ye-placenta, isitho se-ephemeral esinamandla angavamile, ukudla. Ixhunywe esibelethweni futhi ixhunywe enganeni ngentambo ngomthambo kanye nemithambo emibili, lolu hlobo lwesipontshi esikhulu esigcwele igazi kanye ne-villi (amanethiwekhi emithanjeni nasemithanjeni) indawo yakho konke ukuhwebelana. Kusukela ngesonto lesi-8, inikeza amanzi, ushukela, ama-amino acid, ama-peptide, amaminerali, amavithamini, i-triglycerides, i-cholesterol. Umuntu othanda ukuphelela, iqoqa udoti embungwini (i-urea, i-uric acid, i-creatinine) bese iwakhiphela egazini likamama. Uyinso yengane kanye nephaphu lakhe, enikeza umoya-mpilo kanye nokukhipha isikhutha.
Ibukeka kanjani i-placenta?
Yakheke ngokuphelele ngenyanga yesi-5 yokukhulelwa, i-placenta iyi-disc ewugqinsi engu-15-20 cm ububanzi ezokhula phakathi nezinyanga ukuze ifinyelele isikhathi ngesisindo sika-500-600 g.
I-placenta: isitho esiyingxube esitholwa ngumama
I-placenta inama-DNA amabili, umama kanye nelikababa. Amasosha omzimba kamama, ngokuvamile enqaba lokho angaziwa kuye, abekezelela lesi sitho esiyingxube ... esimfuna kahle. Ngoba i-placenta ibamba iqhaza ekubekezeleni kwalokhu kufakelwa okuwukukhulelwa, kusukela ingxenye yama-antigens ku-fetus ingeyobaba. Lokhu kubekezelelana kuchazwa ngu isenzo samahomoni kamama, ezingela amangqamuzana athile amhlophe egazi angakwazi ukwenza amasosha omzimba asebenze. Isazi esihle kakhulu, i-placenta isebenza njengesivikelo phakathi kwamasosha omzimba kamama kanye nelengane. Futhi ufeza i-feat: enze amagazi abo amabili angahlangani. Ukuhwebelana kwenzeka ngezindonga zemikhumbi kanye ne-villi.
I-placenta ikhiqiza ama-hormone
I-placenta ikhiqiza amahomoni. Kusukela ekuqaleni, nge-trophoblast, uhlaka lwe-placenta, lukhiqiza odumile i-beta-hCG : lena isetshenziselwa ukuguqula umzimba kamama futhi isekela ukuvela okuhle kokukhulelwa. Futhi progesterone okugcina ukukhulelwa futhi kuphumuze imisipha yesibeletho, ama-estrogens ababambe iqhaza ekukhuleni okufanele kwe-fetus-placental, i-placenta GH (i-hormone yokukhula), i-placental lactogenic hormone (HPL) ...
Imithi edlulayo noma engadluli kumgoqo we-placenta ...
Ama-molecule amakhulu afana i-heparin ungadluli ku-placenta. Ngakho-ke, owesifazane okhulelwe angafakwa ku-heparin nge-phlebitis. Ibuprofen iziphambano futhi kufanele kugwenywe: kuthathwe ngesikhathi 1 ku-trimester, kungaba yingozi ukwakheka esikhathini esizayo uhlelo lokuzala lomntwana womntwana, futhi kuthathwe ngemva kwenyanga yesi-6, kungabandakanya ingozi yenhliziyo noma ukwehluleka kwezinso. I-Paracetamol kuyabekezelelwa, kodwa kungcono ukukhawula ukudla kwayo kube yizikhathi ezimfushane.
I-placenta ivikela izifo ezithile
I-placenta iyadlala indima yokuvimbela ukuvimbela ukudlula kwamagciwane kanye nama-agent athathelwanayo kusuka kumama kuya ku-fetus yakhe, kodwa akuhambeki. I-Rubella, i-chickenpox, i-cytomegalovirus, i-herpes iyakwazi ukungena ngaphakathi. Umkhuhlane nawo, kodwa ngaphandle kwemiphumela eminingi kakhulu. Nakuba ezinye izifo ezifana nesifo sofuba azisoze zadlula. Futhi abanye bawela kalula ekupheleni kokukhulelwa kunasekuqaleni. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi i-placenta ivumela utshwala nezingxenye zikagwayi ukuba zidlule !
Ngo-D-Day, i-placenta izwakala isexwayiso sokuvula ukubeletha
Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisi-9, isibe nosuku lwayo, futhi ayisakwazi ukunikeza amandla amakhulu adingekayo. Sekuyisikhathi sokuthi umntwana aphefumule futhi ondle ephuma esizalweni sikanina. futhi ngaphandle kosizo lwe-placenta yakhe engenakuhlukaniswa. Lokhu-ke kudlala indima yakho yokugcina, ukuthumela imiyalezo yokuxwayisa ezibamba iqhaza ekuqalisweni kokuzalwa. Uthembekile kokuthunyelwe, kuze kube sekupheleni.
I-placenta enhliziyweni yemikhuba eminingi
Cishe imizuzu engama-30 ngemva kokuzalwa, i-placenta iyakhishwa. E-France, ishiswa "njengemfucuza yokusebenza". Kwenye indawo, kuyathakazelisa. Ngoba uthathwa njengewele lombungu. Ukuthi unamandla okunikeza ukuphila (ngokuphakela) noma ukufa (ngokubangela ukopha).
Eningizimu ye-Italy, kubhekwa njengendawo yokuhlala yomphefumulo. EMali, eNigeria, eGhana, ingane iphindwe kabili. AmaMaori aseNew Zealand amngcwaba ebhodweni ukuze abophe umphefumulo womntwana kumadlozi. Abakwa-Obando basePhilippines bamngcwaba ngamathuluzi amancane ukuze ingane ibe isisebenzi esihle. E-United States, abanye besifazane baye baze bafune ukuthi i-placenta yabo iphelelwe amanzi ukuze iwagwinye kuma-capsules, okufanele athuthukise ukuncelisa, aqinise isibeletho noma anciphise ukucindezeleka kwangemva kokubeletha (lo mkhuba awunasisekelo sesayensi).