I-Otorrhagia iphuma endlebeni, evame ukuxhunyaniswa nokuhlukumezeka kwendlebe yangaphandle noma ephakathi, kodwa okungase kube yimvelaphi yokuvuvukala noma ethathelwanayo. Ivamise ukuba nempilo enhle, ngaphandle kwalapho okuhlukumezeka khona kakhulu kanye nokubhobozwa kwesigubhu sendlebe. Okufanele ukwenze kuncike emsuka wayo.

Incazelo

I-Otorrhagia ichazwa njengokugeleza kwegazi ngenyama yokuzwa, okungukuthi ukuvulwa komsele wangaphandle wokuzwa, kulandela ukuhlukumezeka, ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala.

Igazi lingaba msulwa noma lixutshwe nezimfihlo ze-purulent.

Izimbangela

Iningi le-otorrhagia libangelwa ukuhlukumezeka. Imvamisa, kuyisilonda esibuhlungu sendlebe yangaphandle esenziwe ngokuhlanza ngeswabhu kakotini ejule kakhulu, ngenye into noma ngokuklwebheka nje.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuhlukumezeka kutholakala endaweni ephakathi kwendlebe futhi kuhambisana nesilonda se-eardrum (ulwelwesi oluncane oluhlukanisa umsele wokuzwa wangaphandle nendlebe ephakathi), ngezinye izikhathi okubonisa umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu. : izilonda zochungechunge lwama-ossicles, ukuphuka kwedwala ...

Lokhu kuhlukumezeka kwenzeka ezimweni ezahlukene:

• ukuhlukumezeka kwekhanda (ingozi yemoto noma yezemidlalo, ukuwa, njll.),
• ukuhlukumezeka okuxhumene nokwenyuka okungazelelwe kwengcindezi: ukuqhuma kwendlebe (ukulimala kwesitho esidalwe ukuqhuma nokuqhuma komsindo) kulandela ukuqhuma, noma ngisho nokushaywa kwendlebe, ingozi yokutshuza (barotrauma) ...

I-otitis media ebukhali noma engapheli (ikakhulukazi i-otitis engapheli eyingozi ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-cyst yesikhumba ebizwa ngokuthi i-cholesteatoma ku-eardrum) nayo ngezinye izikhathi ibangela i-otorrhagia.

Ezinye izimbangela ze-otorrhagia zihlanganisa ama-polyps avuthayo kanye ne-granulomas kanye ne-tumor pathologies.

kwesifo

Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ngokuyinhloko ekubuzeni isiguli, okuhlose ukunquma izimo zokuqala ukopha kanye nanoma yimuphi umlando we-ENT.

Ukuhlolwa kokukhishwa nokuhlolwa komtholampilo kuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Ukuze ubone kangcono umsele wokuzwa wangaphandle kanye ne-eardrum, udokotela wenza i-otoscopy. Lokhu ukuhlola indlebe okwenziwa kusetshenziswa umshini wokubona obanjwa ngesandla obizwa ngokuthi i-otoscope noma isibonakhulu sezibonakude - esihlinzeka ngomthombo wokukhanya oqine kakhulu kodwa esidinga ukuthi ikhanda linganyakazi - , noma i-oto-endoscope, ehlanganisa uphenyo olufakiwe. ngesistimu ye-optical kanye nesistimu yokukhanyisa.

Ngokuya ngembangela ye-otorrhagia, ezinye izivivinyo zingadingeka:

• umsebenzi wesithombe (isithwebuli noma i-MRI),
• i-instrumental acumetry (ukuhlolwa kokuzwa), i-audiometry (isilinganiso sokuzwa),
• i-biopsy,
• isampula yendlebe yokuhlolwa kwe-bacteriological ...

Abantu abathintekayo

Ukopha ezindlebeni kuyisimo esiyivelakancane. Noma ubani, ingane noma umuntu omdala, angaba ne-otorrhagia ngenxa yokulimala noma ukutheleleka.

Ukubonakala kwe-otorrhagia

Uma i-otorrhagia ingumphumela wokuklwebheka okulula noma ukuklwebheka komsele wezindlebe wangaphandle, kuthatha ukubonakala kokuphuma kwegazi elincane. Ukuze uthole ukuhlukumezeka okukhulu, ukugeleza kwegazi kungase kube kuningi, indlebe yendlebe igcwaliswe ngamahlule egazi elomile.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukukhishwa okucacile kohlobo lwe-otoliquorrhea (ukubukeka "kwamanzi amadwala") kungase kuhlotshaniswe nokugeleza kwegazi, okubonisa ukuvuza kwe-cerebrospinal fluid ngokusebenzisa ukuphulwa kwe-meningeal. 

Endabeni ye-acute otitis media, i-otorrhagia ehlanganisa igazi elibomvu iphakamisa ukugqashuka kwe-blister hemorrhagic (phlyctene), kumongo we-influenza otitis ngenxa yegciwane, elibizwa ngokuthi i-influenza phlyctenular otitis. Uma i-otitis imvelaphi yebhaktheriya futhi i-eardrum iqhuma ngaphansi kokucindezelwa kobomvu obunqwabelene e-eardrum, igazi lixubene ne-purulent eningi noma engaphansi kwemfihlo yamafinyila.

Izimpawu ezihlanganisiwe

I-Otorrhagia ingahlukaniswa noma ihlanganiswe nezinye izimpawu, ezihluka kuye ngembangela eyinhloko:

• umuzwa wezindlebe ezivimbekile kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu ngemva kokuhlanza izindlebe ezinolaka,
• isithulu esibi kakhulu noma esingaphansi, i-tinnitus, isiyezi noma ukukhubazeka kobuso kulandela ukuphuka kwedwala,
• i-nasopharyngitis enekhala eligxilile nomkhuhlane, indlebe ebuhlungu edalulwa ngokuphuma, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa ku-acute otitis media,
• ubuhlungu, i-tinnitus kanye nesiyezi ngemva kwe-barotrauma,
• ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa ngemva kokuqhuma
• ubuthulu obune-pulsatile tinnitus (okubonwa njengokushaya kwenhliziyo ngesivinini esinesigqi) lapho imbangela ye-otorrhagia iyithumba lemithambo elibi elibizwa ngokuthi i-glomus tumor ...

Ukwelashwa kwe-otorrhagia kushintshwa ngesisekelo secala-by-case ngemva kokuhlolwa komtholampilo nokuhlanza izilonda.

Izilonda ezincane zivame ukuphola ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kwezinye izimo, kuye ngembangela kanye nobukhulu, ukwelashwa kungase kuhlanganise:

• izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-analgesic;
• ukunakekelwa kwendawo ukusheshisa ukuphulukiswa;
• ama-antibiotics uma ukutheleleka kukhona (gwema ukuthola uketshezi emseleni wezindlebe ukuze ungandisi ubungozi bokutheleleka nge-superinfection);
• i-corticosteroids ehlotshaniswa nama-vasodilator lapho indlebe yangaphakathi ithinteka kulandela ukuhlukumezeka komsindo;
• ukulungiswa kwe-eardrum (tympanoplasty) okubandakanya i-graft yezicubu ezixhunyiwe noma i-cartilage uma kwenzeka isilonda esiqhubekayo noma esiyinkimbinkimbi;
• ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zokuhlinzwa (ukuhlukumezeka kwekhanda, ukuqhuma, isimila, i-cholesteatoma, njll.).

Akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuvimbela i-otorrhagia. Kodwa-ke, okunye ukulimala kuyagwemeka, kuqala ngalezo ezidalwe ukuhlanzwa kwendlebe okunolaka - ENTs bayakwamukela ukuvinjelwa okuzayo kokuthengiswa kwamaswabhu kakotini, ekuqaleni okwakunqunywa ukucatshangelwa kwemvelo.

Abantu abavezwe ukuhlukumezeka komsindo kufanele bagqoke ukuvikela izindlebe.

I-Diving trauma nayo ingavinjelwa ngokwengxenye ngokufunda izindlela ezihloselwe ukulinganisa ukucindezela phakathi kwendlebe yangaphandle nendlebe ephakathi. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlonipha ama-contraindication (ungatshuzi lapho uhlushwa ukutheleleka komgudu wokuphefumula ongaphezulu).