Amakhowe ayinhloko adliwayo akhula lapha yilawa: i-boletus, amakhowe e-aspen (ngenani elincane), amakhowe ebhotela, amakhowe kapelepele, i-russula kanye nesikhunta esiyi-tinder sulphur-yellow.
Amakhowe e-Boletus athatha indawo ebaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwamakhowe adliwayo. Lawa amakhowe anamakepisi amaningi ansundu emibala ehlukahlukene, empunga-emhlophe ehlotshiswe ngephethini yokushaywa emnyama engxenyeni engezansi "ukufanisa i-birch" imilenze kanye nongqimba olumhlophe lwe-spongy; Ikhwalithi ephezulu. Abantu abaningi ngokungazi bakholelwa ukuthi izihlahla ze-boletus zikhula kuphela ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-birch. Kodwa lokhu akulona iqiniso. Azikho eziningi zazo ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-birch. Zikhula ngokukhululeka kulo lonke ihlathi elixubene nezimfunda; ngaphezu kwakho konke kwenzeka: ngaphansi kobhabhulini omhlophe, iminyezane, ama-aspens, ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi. Abanye bacabanga noma yini oyifunayo ngabo: amakhowe e-aspen, ngisho namakhowe e-porcini. Kodwa: amakhowe e-aspen akhula ngempela kuphela emahlathini e-aspen (ngaphansi kwe-aspens) futhi abonakala ngesigqoko se-shades ebomvu [okungavamile, ekhula kwezinye izindawo - uphayini, obomvu begazi]; amakhowe e-porcini kufanele ngesikhathi esisodwa abe nesiqu esiwugqinsi futhi angashintshi umbala wenyama ekusikeni / kwekhefu. Yebo, izihlahla ezincane ze-boletus empeleni zifana nezimhlophe ngokubukeka kwazo, kodwa, zithola umbala ocebile we-turquoise (umbala oluhlaza) ekusikeni, ziyazikhulumela. Abantu ngabanye bangafinyelela osayizi abakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ekupheleni kukaSeptemba walo nyaka, ngathola i-mushroom efanelekile ngokuphelele ene-cap ububanzi obungaphezu kuka-20 cm nesisindo esingaphezu kwesigamu sekhilo. Ngifuna ukukuxwayisa: ungabi nobugovu futhi ukhethe amakhowe avuthiwe. Banephunga elibi elibi kanye nokunambitha, futhi bangonakalisa isithunzi sabo esihloniphekile nalabo abahlangana nakho. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba yishumi nambili zohlobo. Ngakho-ke, i-boletus evamile (ummeleli ongcono kakhulu) ikhula kuphela ngaphansi kwezihlahla ze-birch, kanti ezinye (i-boletus empunga (i-hornbeam), emnyama, eqinile, exhaphozi (emhlophe), emnyama ...) - kwezinye izindawo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amakhowe e-boletus angamakhowe akhula ngokuhlukana, ngakho-ke asadinga ukubhekwa.
I-Boletus - amakhowe amakhulu futhi aminyene kune-boletus. Zikhula kancane endaweni echazwe. Zikhona futhi phakathi kwezinhlobo eziyishumi nambili. Ngakho-ke, ngithole: i-boletus ebomvu (isigqoko esibomvu esiwolintshi), esibomvu-nsundu (isigqoko esinsundu-bomvu), akuvamile ukuba sibe mhlophe (isigqoko sikakhilimu). Ekuqaleni kukaJuni walo nyaka, ngathola i-boletus eyodwa ebomvu kwegazi ngaphansi kwesihlahla se-oki: isiqu sikhulu kakhulu, kodwa singenalutho ngaphakathi, isigqoko sibomvu ngokubomvu.
I-Boletus ne-boletus (boletus) ithela izithelo kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba; ukuphakama - ekupheleni kuka-August - September.
IBHATHA - amakhowe mancane, kodwa: athambile ekunambithekeni futhi anephunga elimnandi, akhula emindenini emincane - futhi angadayela kahle. I-mushroom, ngokungafani nabanduleli bayo abachazwe ngenhla, ithanda umswakama kakhulu. Phakathi kwama-butterflies nama-boletus amakhowe, kukhona ne-flywheel ebomvu: i-mushroom encane kakhulu, ikakhulukazi engaba ngu-4 cm ububanzi. Izimvemvane zikhula kusukela ngoJulayi kuya kuSeptemba.
I-PEPPER BRUSH – ikhowe elikhula ngobuningi futhi likhule libe ngosayizi oncomekayo. Okusha, lapho kuhlafunwa, kushisa kakhulu - kanye nopelepele, yingakho igama. Ingadliwa emva kwezinsuku ezi-3 zokucwiliswa futhi ibilisiwe ngosawoti kanye nezicwilisiwe. (Ungayisebenzisa futhi njengempushana eyomisiwe - njenge-seasoning.) Kodwa le mushroom iyikhwalithi ephansi kakhulu, futhi akuwona wonke umuntu othanda ukunambitheka.
Kukhona futhi ama-RUSUSULES amaningi akhulayo - amaningi phakathi kwama-aspens namaphayini: eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (isigqoko esimpunga-turquoise), esihle (isigqoko sibomvu esinemithambo emhlophe nezindawo, ukunambitheka okubabayo), kancane kancane siphuzi, simhlophe ... Kodwa i-russula iyikhowe elikude kakhulu izinkomba zokunambitheka , futhi ngisho nempahla eyodwa yenhloso embi: idilika kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Ngakho-ke, ngincoma ukukha amakhowe kuphela lapho kungekho noma ukungabi khona okuhle kakhulu: i-boletus, i-boletus, amafutha. I-Russula ingaba isitshulu, ethosiwe, ifakwe emanzini anosawoti, ifakwe usawoti.
I-Tinder fungus I-SULPHUR YELLOW iyisikhunta esiyisinambuzane esimila eziqwini naseziqwini, ikakhulukazi iminyezane. Yena, omncane, wezimfanelo zokunambitheka okuphezulu: umzimba we-fruiting unethenda, ngephunga nokuthungwa kufana nenyama yenkukhu. Ingakhula ibe ngu-5 - 7 kg. Kwenzeka kaningi. Ikhowe elidala liba namandla, futhi ukusebenza kwalo okunomsoco kwehla kakhulu.
Phakathi kwamakhowe adliwayo, amanani amancane nawo akhula: amabhungane, ama-puffballs, ama-champignon, ama-cobwebs, ama-pink volushki (emahlahleni amajikijolo), ama-lacquers, ama-flakes, ngisho namakhowe esafroni namanye amakhowe.
Amakhowe adliwayo enkathi ebandayo (ngo-Okthoba, Novemba) - umugqa we-poplar, i-honey agaric yasebusika (i-flamulina) kanye ne-autumn honey agaric. Kodwa okwengeziwe ngabo kumagazini olandelayo.
Amakhowe amaningi anobuthi nawo akhula phakathi kwamakhowe: i-red and panther fly agaric, ingulube encane, igrebe ephaphathekile (!), Kanye namakhowe anobuthi awaziwa kancane.
AMASESHI APALE, noma ngokwesayensi, i-Amanita GREEN, avamile. Bheka, ungayiphambanisi namakhowe adliwayo !!! Angicebisi futhi ukuyicekela phansi, ngoba nayo iyingxenye yemvelo, futhi idlala indima ebalulekile kuma-ecosystems. Kukhona abantu abazenza ama-champignon. (Kukhona nezinye, ezifanayo, i-fly agarics: intwasahlobo, iphunga elimhlophe.) Futhi uma i-mushroom enqunywe, iphutha nge-champignon, inamapuleti amhlophe, hhayi anemibala (kusuka ku-pink kuya kushokoledi), - ngaphandle kokungabaza, yilahle! Kwakukhona inqwaba yamaqiniso anjalo ekuphileni kwami.
Mayelana neNGULUBE EZACILE (ebantwini bakithi kukhulunywa ngabazingeli, izingulube), leli yikhowe elingaphephile. Ziqukethe, njenge-red fly agaric, i-muscarine, futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, iphrotheni ye-antigen ebhubhisa amangqamuzana egazi abomvu futhi ithinte kabi izinso. Ingulube incane futhi isikhathi eside yayibhekwa njengento edliwayo ngokwemibandela, kodwa, ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva yaselabhorethri kanye namaqiniso okubulala ubuthi ngisho nokufa ngenxa yephutha layo, kusukela ngo-1981 kuye kwaqashelwa njengobuthi. Kodwa nanamuhla, abaningi abacosha amakhowe abakunaki lokhu. Yebo, ngiyaqonda - okokuqala, amakhowe makhulu kakhulu futhi akhula ngobuningi, futhi okwesibili, imiphumela ebulalayo yokuyisebenzisela ukudla ayenzeki kuwo wonke umuntu futhi hhayi ngokushesha - ngemva kweminyaka. Kodwa, noma kunjalo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kungaba ibhomu lesikhathi futhi, ngokusetshenziswa kwayo njalo, ngesikhathi esithile, ukudala okungenakuhlehliswa. Ngakho-ke, ngicela ngobuqotho wonke umuntu nawo wonke umuntu: ungabi nobugovu, uqoqe amanye, amakhowe athembekile; Khumbula, uNkulunkulu usindisa isisefo.