Okuqukethwe
Isiteleka sababelethisi: izizathu zentukuthelo
Yize izimfuno zababelethisi zibuyela emuva eminyakeni eminingana, isiteleka saqala ngo-Okthoba 16, 2013 ngokuhlala phambi koMnyango Wezempilo. Ngempela kwaba ngesikhathi kumenyezelwa umthethosivivinywa wezempilo yomphakathi lapho ulaka olwakhula lwaphenduka isiteleka. Ngemva kwemihlangano eminingana eMnyangweni Wezempilo, ababelethisi, ngokwengxenye baqoqene bezungeza Iqoqo lapho izinhlangano eziningi zizungeza khona (nethimba elikhulu elihlanganisa abafundi, ababelethisi abakhulu, izibhedlela kanye nezingcweti), namanje abazange bazizwe bengalalelwa. “Asicelwanga neze, njengababelethisi, ngalo mthethosivivinywa wezempilo womphakathi. Futhi ngenkathi uMnyango wemukela izithunywa ezazikhona ngesikhathi sokuhlala, sabona ukuthi ababelethisi babengekho nhlobo kulo msebenzi, ”kuchaza u-Elisabeth Tarraga, iPhini likaNobhala ku-National Organization of Midwifery Unions (ONSSF). Ukugqugquzelwa kwabe sekusakazwa kusukela e-Paris kuye kulo lonke elase-France (ngendlela ehlukile noma engaphansi) ngendlela yesiteleka esingapheli.
Izimangalo zababelethisi
Okokuqala, ababelethisi bathi isikhundla sikadokotela esibhedlela. Ngokwenza kanjalo, lokhu kuhilela ukubhalisa umsebenzi wombelethisi njengomsebenzi wezokwelapha esibhedlela ngendlela efanayo, isibonelo, njengodokotela abahlinzayo bamazinyo noma odokotela. Ikakhulukazi njengoba lesi simo sezempilo sababelethisi sikhona kukhodi yezempilo yomphakathi kodwa asisebenzi endaweni yesibhedlela. Inhloso, njengoba u-Elisabeth Tarraga echaza ngokwengqikithi, akukhona nje ukubona amakhono enziwa kangcono (okuhlanganisa neholo eliphezulu) kodwa futhi nokuba nokuguquguquka okukhulu ngaphakathi ezibhedlela. Ababelethisi bathi bazimele kakhulu ezenzweni zabo ezahlukene nabesifazane. Nokho, ukungabi khona kwesimo sezokwelapha kuyabavimba ezinqubweni ezithile, njengokuvulwa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kwamayunithi okuphila. Isiteki singokwengqondo njengoba singokwezimali. Kodwa izicelo zabo zidlulela ngale kwesizinda sesibhedlela. Ngakho-ke ababelethisi benkululeko bafisa ukuba abadlali abakhulu emisebenzini yezempilo yabesifazane futhi lokhu kuqashelwe ngesimo sokuba ngudokotela oqalayo.. Indawo yokuqala yokungcebeleka ihlanganisa konke ukuvimbela, ukuhlolwa nokunakekelwa kokulandelela kwesiguli, ngaphandle kwe-pathology eyingozi, ehlangabezana nemibandela yokusondela nokutholakala. Kubo, abesifazane kufanele bazi ukuthi bangathintana nombelethisi okhululekile, osebenza kakhulu ehhovisi edolobheni, ukwenza isibonelo. Ababelethisi benkululeko bafisa ukuqashelwa njengomkhakha wezokwelapha ozimele onakekela ukuqapha ukukhulelwa okungengakanani, ukubeletha, ukubeletha kanye nochwepheshe abanamakhono adingekayo okubonisana nabesifazane ukuze bavikele inzalo kanye nokuvimbela.. “Uhulumeni kumele asebenze emgudwini wangempela wezempilo yabesifazane. Ukuthi ngempela sichaza usizo lokuqala nodokotela kanye nababelethisi kanye nesinyathelo sesibili ngochwepheshe ”, kuchaza u-Elisabeth Tarraga. Ukwengeza, lokhu kuzokhulula ochwepheshe okufanele balawule ama-pathologies, futhi kunciphise isikhathi sokulinda ukuze uthole ukubonisana okulula kokuvimbela, uyaqhubeka. Kodwa lokho ngeke kuchaze isibopho sokuba owesifazane abonane nombelethisi kunodokotela wezifo zabesifazane. Ngempela, isimo somsebenzi wokuvakashela indawo yokuqala akukona ukubhaliswa okusemthethweni njengomuntu oyisithenjwa okhethekile. Kunalokho kuwukuqashelwa kwamakhono athile okubonisana okugxile eselulekweni nasekuvimbeleni ngale kwesenzo sezokwelapha.. "Kumayelana nokunikeza abesifazane ithuba lokuzikhethela okusekelwe olwazini oluphelele", kumemezela u-Elisabeth Tarraga. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ababelethisi balwela ukuqhubeka kwenqubo yokuhlanganisa, enyuvesi, ezikoleni zababelethisi, kanye namaholo angcono abafundi abafundela umsebenzi (okuhlobene neminyaka emi-5 yezifundo zabo). KuSophie Guillaume, uMongameli weNational College of Midwives of France (CNSF), impi yokubelethisa ingafingqwa ngegama elilodwa eliyisihluthulelo: “ukubonakala”.
Ababelethisi nodokotela baxabene?
Ababelethisi bafuna ukukala kakhulu endaweni ephethwe odokotela bezifo zabesifazane kanye nodokotela bokubelethisa. Kodwa laba dokotela bacabangani? Ku-Elisabeth Tarraga njengo-Sophie Guillaume, ngokuvamile bangabadlali abathule. Kunalokho, bazizwa belahliwe noma bedelelwa ngisho nawumsebenzi wezokwelapha. Nokho zikhulume izinyunyana zodokotela bezifo zabesifazane kanye nezokubelethisa ngesikhathi kuqhubeka isiteleka. KuPhilippe Deruelle, uNobhala Jikelele weNational College of French Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF), ukunyakaza kuphelelwa umusi futhi kuye kwaba nzima, phakathi nezinyanga, ezidingweni eziningi eziphazamisa umlayezo wokuqala. “Ezinye izimangalo zisemthethweni kanti ezinye azivumelekile,” uyachaza. Ngakho, isibonelo, odokotela bezifo zabesifazane kanye nababelethisayo abayisekeli indlela yokuqala yokusebenzela ngoba, kubo, isivele ikhona ngokwabelana ngamakhono phakathi kodokotela abahlukene abakwazi ukunakekela abesifazane. Bayenqaba ukuthi ababelethisi bathole ukukhethekile ekulandeleni owesifazane, egameni, futhi, ngokuzikhethela okukhululekile.. Ikakhulukazi kusukela, ku-Philippe Deruelle, akuwona nje umbuzo wokubonakala. Uchaza ukuthi kwezinye izindawo baningi odokotela bezifo zabesifazane kunababelethisi, kanti kwezinye, udokotela osondelene naye, umuntu oqalayo ukuxhumana naye ngisho esemncane, ngudokotela ojwayelekile. “Inhlangano incike emandleni athintekayo. Wonke umuntu kufanele akwazi ukuba ngumdlali wesinyathelo sokuqala ”, kuchaza uNobhala Jikelele we-CNGOF. Namuhla, iKolishi libheka ukuthi uMnyango Wezempilo uziphendulile izicelo zababelethisi.
Impi yababelethisi izoqhubeka
Kuhulumeni, ifayela livaliwe ngempela. UMnyango Wezempilo uthathe isikhundla, ngongqongqoshe wawo, uMarisol Touraine, ngoMashi 4, 2014, futhi wenza iziphakamiso eziningana kubabelethisi. “Isinyathelo sokuqala: Ngakha isimo sezempilo sababelethisi basesibhedlela. Lesi simo sizoba yingxenye yenkonzo yomphakathi yasesibhedlela. Isilinganiso sesibili: amakhono okwelapha ababelethisi azothuthukiswa, esibhedlela nasedolobheni. Isinyathelo sesithathu: imisebenzi emisha izophathiswa ababelethisi. Ngakho-ke isilinganiso sesine: ukuqeqeshwa kwababelethisi kuzoqiniswa. Okwesihlanu, kanye nesinyathelo sokugcina, ukubuyekezwa kwemiholo yababelethisi kuzokwenzeka ngokushesha futhi kubhekwe izinga labo elisha lesibopho, ”ngakho wachaza kabanzi uMarisol Touraine enkulumweni yakhe ngoMashi 4. Kodwa-ke, uma igama elithi "isimo sezokwelapha" livela emazwini kahulumeni, kubabelethisi beQembu, alikho namanje. "Umbhalo uyasho ukuthi ababelethisi banekhono lokwelapha, kodwa lokho akuchazi isimo sakho konke lokho", uyazisola u-Elisabeth Tarraga. Akuwona umbono kahulumeni ohlale uqinile ezinqumweni ezithathwayo. "Inqubo yezomthetho manje ilandela inkambo yayo, futhi imibhalo eqinisekisa umthetho omusha izoshicilelwa ekwindla," kuchaza umeluleki kuNgqongqoshe. Kodwa, kubabelethisi ababuthene eQenjini, ukuxoxisana nohulumeni kufana nokuthi kunqanyuliwe futhi izimemezelo azilandelwa. “Kusukela ngoMashi 4, uMarisol Touraine uxoxisane nezinyunyana ezimaphakathi kuphela. Akusekho ukumelwa kweQembu, ”kuchaza uSophie Guillaume. Nokho, akukho okuphelile. "Kunemihlangano, imihlangano evamile, ngoba kuhlale kunokunganeliseki okukhulu", kuqhuba umongameli we-CNSF. Khonamanjalo, noma kungathiwa uphelelwa ngamandla, isiteleka sisaqhubeka kanti ababelethisi bahlose ukusikhumbuza ngonyaka owodwa wale nhlangano, ngo-Okthoba 16.