Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela

Kuze kube manje, alikatholakali ikhambi eliyelapha sikashukela. Le ndlela yokwelashwa ehlongozwayo ihlose ukubuyisa amanani ejwayelekile kashukela egazini. Inhlonipho yempatho kanjalo ne ukuqapha kwezokwelapha kubalulekile nokho ukugwema izinkinga ezinzima nezingamahlalakhona.

Udokotela wenza icebo ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa, nezimpawu. Ukubonisana nomhlengikazi, isazi sokudla okunempilo futhi, uma kungenzeka, i-kinesiologist isiza ukuqondisa kangcono imizamo kanye isilawuli ngokwanele isifo.

Thola IBHONASI: imithi ngokwanele, okuhle Ukudla nokunye ukulungiswa kwe indlela yempilo, abantu abanesifo sikashukela bangaphila cishe ukuphila okuvamile.

izidakamizwa

Thayipha i-1 sikashukela. Umuthi ojwayelekile uhlala njalo insulin, enikezwa ngemijovo yansuku zonke noma ngokuqhubekayo kusetshenziswa iphampu encane exhunywe ku-catheter ebekwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba.

Thayipha i-2 sikashukela. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezidakamizwa (ku amaphilisi) ngamunye unendlela yakhe yokwenza: ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ngamanyikwe; siza izicubu zisebenzise i-insulin ukumunca i-glucose; noma wehlise ukumuncwa kwamathumbu ushukela. Le mithi ehlukene ingasetshenziswa yodwa noma ihlangene ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwayo. Thayipha 2 abanesifo sikashukela ngezinye izikhathi badingainsulini.

Isifo Sikashukela Somzimba. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyasebenza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ezithile ze umama futhi fetus. Ngokuvamile izinguquko ku- Ukudla kanye nokulawula isisindo zanele ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini ebangeni elijwayelekile. Uma kudingekile, i-insulin noma, ngokungajwayelekile, imishanguzo ethile ye-hypoglycemic inikezwa.

Bheka amashidi ezinhlotsheni ze sikashukela ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana ukwelashwa.

Ukwazi kanjani vimbela futhi welaphe iziyaluyalu zesikhathi eside ezihambisana nesifo sikashukela, bheka ishidi lezinkinga zesifo sikashukela.

Nini futhi kanjani ukukala ushukela wegazi lakho?

La glucose iyisilinganiso sokugxila kwe glucose (ushukela osegazini. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufanele baqaphe kakhulu ushukela wabo ukuze balungise imithi yabo (kuye ngokuthi badle ukudla, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukucindezeleka, njll.) futhi bagcine izinga likashukela egazini liseduze ngangokunokwenzeka kunokuvamile ngaso sonke isikhathi. . Ukulawula kubaluleke kakhulu njengoba kusiza ukunciphisa noma ukuvimbela izinkinga isifo sikashukela

Imvamisa, abantu abane Thayipha i-1 sikashukela ukukala ushukela wabo wegazi izikhathi ezi-4 ngosuku (ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye nangaphambi kokulala), kuyilapho labo abaphethwe yisifo Thayipha i-2 sikashukela ngokuvamile inganeliseka ngesilinganiso sansuku zonke noma, kwezinye izimo, ukufundwa oku-3 ngesonto (bheka yethu entsha Ingabe Ukuhlola Ushukela Wegazi Okwenziwa Ekhaya Kuwusizo Kwabanesifo Sikashukela Abelashwanga Nge-insulin?).

Ukufundwa kweglucose yegazi

Esebenzisa umshini wokuthungatha, ophathwayo uthatha ithonsi legazi esihlokweni somunwe wakhe alithumele ekuhlaziyweni kwemitha yeglucose yegazi, okuzothi emizuzwaneni embalwa, kubonakale izinga likashukela egazini. Imiphumela yalokhu kuhlaziya izogcinwa encwadini yamanothi noma kusofthiwe eyenzelwe le njongo (isibonelo, i-OneTouch® noma i-Accu-Chek 360º®). Imodeli yakamuva yomfundi inikezwa ngohlobo lokhiye we-USB one-software edidiyelwe (i-Contour® USB), engenza kube lula ukulandelwa kwemiphumela. Ungathola i-blood glucose meter ezitolo eziningi zemithi. Njengoba amamodeli maningi futhi ahlukahlukene, kuyancomeka ukuthi uxhumane nodokotela wakho noma omunye uchwepheshe wesifo sikashukela ukuze uthole imodeli evumelana nezidingo zakho.

 

Amanani eglucose wegazi entsheni kanye nabantu abadala abanesifo sikashukela

Isikhathi sosuku

Ushukela ofanele wegazi

Ushukela wegazi onganele

(kudingeka ukungenelela)

Esiswini esingenalutho noma ngaphambi kokudla

Phakathi kuka-4 no-7 mmol / l

ou

phakathi kuka-70 no-130 mg / dl

Ilingana noma ngaphezulu kuka-7 mmol / l

ou

130 mg/dl

Ngemuva kwamahora amabili kudliwe (ngemuva kokudla)

Phakathi kuka-5 no-10 mmol / l

ou

phakathi kuka-90 no-180 mg / dl

Ilingana noma ngaphezulu kuka-11 mmol / l

ou

200 mg/dl

Iyunithi mmol / l imele iyunithi yesisindo se-molar sikashukela ngelitha ngalinye legazi.

Source: Canadian Diabetes Association 2008 Clinical Practice Guidelines.

 

Uma kwenzeka i-hyperglycemia noma i-hypoglycemia

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bathambekele kakhulu ekushintsheni ngokweqile kushukela wabo wegazi. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kufanele wenze kanjani uma isimo sivela.

I-Hyperglycemia.

Ukwanda kokugcwala kweglucose egazini: lapho, esiswini esingenalutho, izinga likashukela egazini likhulu noma lilingana no-7 mmol / l (130 mg / dl) noma ukuthi ihora eli-1 noma 2 ngemuva kokudla, liyakhuphuka. kuye ku-11 mmol / l (200 mg / dl) noma ngaphezulu. I izimpawu yilabo abanesifo sikashukela: ukuphuma ngokweqile komchamo, ukwanda kokoma nendlala, ukukhathala, njll.

Izimbangela

  • Yidla ukudla okunoshukela kakhulu kunokuvunyelwe.
  • Nciphisa imisebenzi yakho yomzimba.
  • Yenza umthamo ongalungile wezidakamizwa: ukuntuleka kwe-insulin noma izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic.
  • Uhlangabezana nengcindezi.
  • Ukutheleleka okungathi sína, njenge-pneumonia noma i-pyelonephritis (ukutheleleka kwezinso), ngoba lokhu kwandisa isidingo se-insulin.
  • Thatha imithi ethile (i-glucocorticoids efana ne-cortisone, isibonelo, ukwandisa ushukela wegazi).

Okufanele ngikwenze

  • Kala ushukela wakho wegazi.
  • Uma ushukela wegazi ungaphezu kwe-15 mmol / l (270 mg / dl) futhi uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, linganisa izinga lemizimba ye-ketone emchameni (test ketonuria: bheka ngenhla).
  • Phuza amanzi amaningi ukuze ugweme ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
  • Ukuzama ukuthola imbangela ye-hyperglycemia.

Okubalulekile. Uma ushukela wegazi unjalo ngaphezu kwama-20 mmol / l (360 mg / dl) noma uma ukuhlolwa kwe-ketonuria (ama-ketones emchameni) kukhombisa i-ketoacidosis, kufanele bheka udokotela ngokushesha. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuxhumana nodokotela womndeni wakho noma isikhungo sikashukela ngokushesha, kufanele uye emnyangweni ophuthumayo wesibhedlela.

I-Hypoglycemia.

Ukwehla kokugcwala kweglucose egazini: lapho ushukela wegazi wehla ngaphansi kuka-4 mmol / l (70 mg / dl). Ukuvevezela, ukujuluka, isiyezi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukukhathala, ukuzamula, nokucwayiza kuyizimpawu zokwehla kukashukela egazini. Uma ingelashwa, i-hypoglycemia ingadala ukulahlekelwa kokwazi, ephelezelwa noma cha Ukudlikizela.

Izimbangela

  • Yenza iphutha kumthamo wezidakamizwa (i-insulin eningi kakhulu noma i-hypoglycemic agents).
  • Ukweqa ukudla noma ukudla okulula, noma ukukuthola sekwephuzile.
  • Ukusebenzisa amanani anganele okudla okunoshukela.
  • Khulisa imisebenzi yakho yomzimba.
  • Phuza utshwala.

Okufanele ngikwenze

  • Kala ushukela wakho wegazi.
  • Yidla ukudla okunikeza u-15 g wama-carbohydrate (amuncwa ngokushesha), njenge-125 ml yejusi yezithelo noma isiphuzo esivamile; 3 tbsp. ushukela oncibilike emanzini; 3 tbsp. uju noma ujamu; noma 1 inkomishi yobisi, bese ulinda imizuzu engu-20 ukuze ushukela egazini uzinze.
  • Linganisa ushukela wegazi futhi uthathe i-15 g ye-carbohydrate futhi uma i-hypoglycemia iqhubeka.
  • Ukuzama ukuthola imbangela ye-hypoglycemia.

Iebalulekile. Hlala unayo i ukudla okumnandi. Uma kunesidingo, yazisa abantu abaseduze kwakhe nasemsebenzini ngesimo sakhe nezimpawu ze-hypoglycemia.

Indlela yokuphila yesifo sikashukela

Ngaphandle kwe- imithi, abantu abanesifo sikashukela banesithakazelo esikhulu ekusunguleni aukudla futhi bamukele uhlelo oluhle lweukuvivinya umzimba. Ngempela, lokhu kungenelela okungewona umuthi kunganciphisa umthamo womuthi futhi kuvimbele izinkinga ezithile. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kanye nokuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba kuyizingozi zangempela zezempilo kwabanesifo sikashukela.

Uhlelo lokudla

Un ukudla okwenziwe ngokwezifiso ithuthukiswa uchwepheshe wezokudla. Izinguquko ezihlongozwayo zokudla zingalawula kangcono ushukela wegazi, zigcine noma ziqhubekele esisindweni esinempilo, zithuthukise iphrofayili ye-lipid egazini, zilawule umfutho wegazi futhi zinciphise ingozi yezinkinga.

Esidlweni Esikhethekile: Ishidi likashukela, isazi sokudla uHélène Baribeau unikeza ukubuka konke ngohlelo lokudla olwenzelwe abantu abanesifo sikashukela. Nakhu okuvelele:

  • Hlola ubuningi nohlobo lwe carbohydrate, kanye nemvamisa yokusetshenziswa kwazo.
  • Yidla ngaphezu kuka fiber wezokudla, ngoba anciphisa ukumuncwa kwama-carbohydrate.
  • Beka phambili amafutha amahle ukuthuthukisa iphrofayili ye-lipid nokuvimbela izinkinga.
  • Yidla i-utshwala ngokulinganisela.
  • Lungisa ukunikezwa kwamandla ngokuya nge-ukuzivocavoca umzimba.

Bheka Iphepha Lokudla Okukhethekile: Isifo sikashukela ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe. Uzothola isibonelo se- uhlobo lwemenyu.

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzijwayeza ukuzivocavoca kwenhliziyo ukuqina okulinganiselwe, ngokusho kokunambitha: ukuhamba, ithenisi, ukugibela ibhayisikili, ukubhukuda, njll.

Ochwepheshe baseMayo Clinic batusa iseshini yansuku zonke okungenani 30 imizuzu, ngaphezu kokwengeza izivivinyo kuesisuka futhi sawo esiningi ngezisindo nangama-dumbbells.

Izinzuzo zokuzivocavoca njalo

- Amazinga aphansi we i-glucose yegazi, ikakhulukazi ngokuvumela umzimba ukuthi usebenzise i-insulin kangcono.

- Ukwehla komfutho wegazi kanye nokuqina kwe imisipha yenhliziyo, okuyinzuzo ecacile enikezwa ukuthi abanesifo sikashukela basengozini enkulu yokuhlushwa izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

- Ukuphumelela noma ukugcinwa kwe-a isisindo esinempilo, okubaluleke kakhulu ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

– Ukwanda umuzwa inhlalakahle (ukuzethemba, njll.) kanye nethoni yemisipha namandla.

– Ukuncipha umthamo imithi antidiabetic, kwabanye abantu.

Izinyathelo okufanele uzithathe

- Isifo sikashukela kumele sibe kahle ngaphambi kokuqala noma yiluphi uhlelo lokuzivocavoca;

– Khuluma naye udokotela uhlelo lwakho lokuzivocavoca (imvamisa nosayizi wamanani we-insulin noma izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic zingashintsha).

– Hlola ushukela egazini ngaphambi nangemuva kokuzivocavoca.

- Qala ngemisebenzi yokuqina ngokulinganisela.

– Hlala useduze ukudla ama-carbohydrate amaningi uma kwenzeka kuba ne-hypoglycemia.

- Izikhathi zokuzivivinya kanye nezikhathi zokujova i-insulin kufanele zanele kude komunye nomunye ukugwema ukwehla ngokweqile kushukela wegazi.

Isexwayiso. Ukuzivocavoca kufanele kugwenywe ngesikhathi senhlekelele.i-hyperglycemia. Kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, uma ushukela wegazi ungaphezu kwe-16 mmol / l (290 mg / dl), yeka ukuvivinya umzimba ngoba ushukela wegazi uyakhula okwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla komzimba. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 futhi ushukela wabo wegazi ungaphezu kuka-13,8 mmol / L (248 mg / dL) kufanele balinganise izinga lemizimba ye-ketone emchameni wabo (ukuhlolwa kwe-ketonuria: bheka ngenhla). Ungazivocavoci uma kukhona ama-ketones.

Ukusizana nokuxhaswa komphakathi

Ukuxilongwa sikashukela kushaqisa abantu abaningi. Ekuqaleni, ngokuvamile kubangela ukucindezeleka okuhlobene nokukhathazeka okuningi. Ngabe ngizokwazi ukulawula isifo sami futhi ngigcine indlela yokuphila engifanele? Ngingabhekana kanjani nemiphumela engaba khona yalesi sifo, isikhathi esifushane nesikhathi eside? Uma kunesidingo, eziningana izinsiza (izihlobo, udokotela noma abanye abasebenzi bezempilo, amaqembu asekelayo) banganikeza ukwesekwa kokuziphatha.

Ukucindezeleka noshukela wegazi

Ukuphathwa kahle kwengcindezi yansuku zonke kukhuthaza ukulawulwa kwezifo okungcono, ngezizathu ezi-2.

Ngaphansi komphumela wokucindezeleka, umuntu angase alingeke ukuba enze kanjalo unakekele kancane impilo (yeka ukuhlela ukudla, yeka ukuvivinya umzimba, ukuqapha ushukela wegazi kancane, uphuze utshwala, njll.).

Ukucindezela kusebenza ngqo kushukela wegazi, kepha imiphumela yako iyehluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Kwabanye abantu, ama-hormone okucindezeleka (afana ne-cortisol ne-adrenaline) akhuphula ukukhululwa kweglucose egcinwe esibindini iye egazini, okubangela ukulahlekelwa igazi.i-hyperglycemia. Kwezinye, ukucindezeleka kunciphisa ukugaya futhi esikhundleni salokho kubangela kungakhuphula izinga likashukela (kungafaniswa nokubambezeleka ekuthatheni ukudla noma ukudla okulula).

Ukuzivocavoca ukuphefumula okujulile nokuzindla, kanye nokulala ngokwanele kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukushintshashintsha kukashukela okubangelwa ukucindezeleka. Kuzodingeka futhi nokwenza izinguquko ezifanele empilweni yakhe ukuze enze ngokusemthonjeni wengcindezi. Le mikhuba ayithathi indawo yemithi (uhlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela eyeka ukuthatha i-insulin ingafa ngalo).

shiya impendulo